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THE EFFECT OF ULTRASOUND AND ALTERNATIVE TREATMENTS APPLIED TO LACTIC ACID BACTERIA ON AFLATOXIN M1 DETOXIFICATION IN PHOSPHATE-BUFFERED SALINE

Year 2025, Volume: 50 Issue: 5, 883 - 895, 15.10.2025

Hakan Tavşanlı , Tevhide Elif Güner , Büşra Aslan Akyol , Cengiz Gökbulut

https://doi.org/10.15237/gida.GD25060

Abstract

Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a heat-resistant mycotoxin with hepatotoxic properties that can be transmitted to humans through milk and dairy products. This study evaluated the AFM1 binding capacities of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Limosilactobacillus reuteri, and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus strains in a phosphate-buffered saline medium. Each bacterial strain was tested individually and in combination under various treatment conditions, including ultrasonic activation and inactivation by heat, acid, and ultrasound. The results revealed that all treatments significantly increased binding rates (P<0.05). The highest binding rate (33.5%) was observed in the group where ultrasound-activated bacteria were used in combination. While no significant differences were found among individual strains depending on their physiological state, notable variations emerged in the mixed-strain groups. Binding levels were significantly higher in mixtures containing live bacteria (30–33.5%) compared to those with heat- or acid-inactivated bacteria (14.5–19%) (P<0.05). These findings indicate that lactic acid bacteria may serve as an effective tool for biological detoxification, although further studies are needed to assess the efficiency of various activation and inactivation methods.

Keywords

Aflatoxin M1 biological detoxification lactic acid bacteria ultrasound technology

References

  • Abbès, S., Salah-Abbès, J. B., Sharafi, H., Jebali, R., Noghabi, K. A., Oueslati, R. (2013). Ability of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GAF01 to remove AFM1 in vitro and to counteract AFM1 immunotoxicity in vivo. Journal of Immunotoxicology, 10(3), 279-286. https://doi.org/10.3109/1547691X.2012.718810
  • Abdelmotilib, N. M., Hamad, G. M., Elderea, H. B., Salem, E. G., El Sohaimy, S. A. (2018). Aflatoxin M1 reduction in milk by a novel combination of probiotic bacterial and yeast strains. European Journal of Nutrition and Food Safety, 8(2) 83-99. https://doi.org/10.9734/ EJNFS/2018/39486
  • Abedi, E., Pourmohammadi, K., Mousavifard, M., Sayadi, M. (2022). Comparison between surface hydrophobicity of heated and thermosonicated cells to detoxify aflatoxin B1 by co-culture Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus rhamnosus in sourdough: Modeling studies. Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft and Technologie, 154, 112616. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.lwt.2021.112616
  • Adriansyah, P. N. A., Rahayu, W. P., Kusumaningrum, H. D., Kawamura, O. (2022). Aflatoxin M1 reduction by microorganisms isolated from kefir grains. International Food Research Journal, 29(1) 78-85. https://doi.org/ 10.47836/ifrj.29.1.09
  • Ahlberg, S. H., Joutsjoki, V., Korhonen, H. J. (2015). Potential of lactic acid bacteria in aflatoxin risk mitigation. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 207, 87-102. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2015.04.042
  • Bejaoui, H., Mathieu, F., Taillandier, P., Lebrihi, A. (2004). Ochratoxin A removal in synthetic and natural grape juices by selected oenological Saccharomyces strains. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 97(5), 1038-1044. https://doi.org/10.1111/ j.1365-2672.2004.02385.x
  • Bovo, F., Corassin, C. H., Rosim, R. E., de Oliveira, C. A. (2013). Efficiency of lactic acid bacteria strains for decontamination of aflatoxin m₁ in phosphate buffer saline solution and in skimmed milk. Food and Bioprocess Technology, 6, 2230-2234. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-011-0770-9
  • Brackett, R. E., Marth, E. H. (1982). Association of aflatoxin M1 with casein. Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und Forschung, 174(6), 439-441. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01042721
  • Bueno, D. J., Casale, C. H., Pizzolitto, R. P., Salvano, M. A., Oliver, G. (2007). Physical adsorption of aflatoxin B1 by lactic acid bacteria and Saccharomyces cerevisiae: a theoretical model. Journal of Food Protection, 70(9), 2148-2154. https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X-70.9.2148
  • Campagnollo, F. B., Khaneghah, A. M., Borges, L. L., Bonato, M. A., Fakhri, Y., Barbalho, C. B., Barbalho, R. L. C., Corassin, C. H., Oliveira, C. A. F. (2020). In vitro and in vivo capacity of yeast-based products to bind to aflatoxins B1 and M1 in media and foodstuffs: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Food Research International, 137, 109505. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.foodres.2020.109505
  • Chavarría, G., Molina, A., Leiva, A., Méndez, G., Wong-González, E., Cortés-Muñoz, M., Rodríguez, C., Granados-Chinchilla, F. (2017) Distribution, stability, and protein interactions of Aflatoxin M1 in fresh cheese. Food Control 73:581–586. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.foodcont.2016.09.005
  • Chaudhary, H. J., Patel, A. R. (2022). Removal of aflatoxin M1 from milk and aqueous medium by indigenously isolated strains of W. confusa H1 and L. plantarum S2. Food Bioscience, 45, 101468. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101468
  • El Khoury, A., Atoui, A., Yaghi, J. (2011). Analysis of aflatoxin M1 in milk and yogurt and AFM1 reduction by lactic acid bacteria used in Lebanese industry. Food Control, 22(10), 1695-1699. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.foodcont.2011.04.001
  • Elsanhoty, R. M., Salam, S. A., Ramadan, M. F., Badr, F. H. (2014). Detoxification of aflatoxin M1 in yoghurt using probiotics and lactic acid bacteria. Food Control, 43, 129-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.03.002
  • Fashandi, H. M., Abbasi, R., Mousavi Khaneghah, A. (2018). The detoxification of aflatoxin M1 by Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium spp.: A review. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 42(9), e13704. https://doi.org/ 10.1111/jfpp.13704
  • Foerster, C., Monsalve, L., Ríos-Gajardo, G. (2023). Occurrence of aflatoxin M1 in milk and exposure estimation for its consumption in the Chilean population. Food Control, 148, 109677. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2023.109677
  • Guimarães, J. T., Scudino, H., Ramos, G. L. P. A., Oliveira, G. A. R., Margalho, L. P., Costa, L. E. O., Freitas, M. Q., Duarte, M. C. K. H., Sant'Ana, A. S., Cruz, A. G. (2021). Current applications of high-intensity ultrasound with microbial inactivation or stimulation purposes in dairy products. Current Opinion in Food Science, 42, 140-147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cofs.2021.06.004
  • Güner, T. E., Akyol, B. A., Tavşanlı, H., Gökbulut, C. (2025). Effects of different inactivation and activation treatments applied to lactic acid bacteria on AFM1 detoxification in milk. Food Bioscience, 106974. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106974
  • Halttunen, T., Collado, M. C., El‐Nezami, H., Meriluoto, J., Salminen, S. (2008). Combining strains of lactic acid bacteria may reduce their toxin and heavy metal removal efficiency from aqueous solution. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 46(2), 160-165. https://doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2007.02276.x
  • Haskard, C. A., El-Nezami, H. S., Kankaanpää, P. E., Salminen, S., Ahokas, J. T. (2001). Surface binding of aflatoxin B1 by lactic acid bacteria. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 67(7), 3086-3091. https://doi.org/ 10.1128/AEM.67.7.3086-3091.2001
  • Kabak, B.,Var, I. (2008). Factors affecting the removal of aflatoxin M1 from food model by Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, part B, 43(7), 617-624. https://doi.org/10.1080/ 03601230802234740
  • Karazhiyan, H., Mehraban, SM, Karazhyan, R., Mehrzad, A., Haghighi, E. (2016). Ability of different treatments of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to surface bind aflatoxin M1 in yoghurt. Journal of Agricultural Food, 18, 1489-1498
  • Lee, Y. K., El-Nezami, H., Haskard, C. A., Gratz, S., Puong, K. Y., Salminen, S., Mykkänen, H. (2003). Kinetics of adsorption and desorption of aflatoxin B1 by viable and nonviable bacteria. Journal of Food Protection, 66(3), 426-430. https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X-66.3.426
  • Macit, A., Sevim, S., Kizil, M. (2024). Aflatoxin B1 and M1 detoxification in foodstuffs: Examining the efficacy of probiotics with and without prebiotics–A systematic review. Food Bioscience, 58, 103724. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.fbio.2024.103724
  • Markaki, P., Melissari, E. (1997). Occurrence of aflatoxin M1 in commercial pasteurized milk determined with ELISA and HPLC. Food Additives and Contaminants, 14(5), 451-456. https://doi.org/10.1080/02652039709374551
  • Mehenktaş, C. (2022). Süt işlemede ultrason kullanımı. Akademik Gıda, 20(4), 474–481. Ojha, K. S., Mason, T. J., O’Donnell, C. P., Kerry, J. P., Tiwari, B. K. (2017). Ultrasound technology for food fermentation applications. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 34, 410-417. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.06.001
  • Onyeaka, H., Miri, T., Hart, A., Anumudu, C., Nwabor, O. F. (2023). Application of Ultrasound Technology in Food Processing with emphasis on bacterial spores. Food Reviews International, 39(7), 3663-3675. https://doi.org/10.1080/ 87559129.2021.2013255
  • Peltonen, K. D., El‐Nezami, H. S., Salminen, S. J., Ahokas, J. T. (2001). Binding of aflatoxin B1 by probiotic bacteria. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 80(13), 1942-1945. https://doi.org/ 10.1002/1097-0010(200010)80:13<1942::AID-JSFA741>3.0.CO;2-7
  • Pierides, M., El-Nezami, H., Peltonen, K., Salminen, S., Ahokas, J. (2000). Ability of dairy strains of lactic acid bacteria to bind aflatoxin M1 in a food model. Journal of Food Protection, 63(5), 645-650. https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X-63.5.645
  • Piotrowska, M. (2014). The adsorption of ochratoxin A by Lactobacillus species. Toxins, 6(9), 2826-2839. https://doi.org/10.3390/ toxins6092826
  • Sanaldi, K., Coban, A. Y. (2023). Detoxification of aflatoxin M1 in different milk types using probiotics. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 95(1), e20220794. https://doi.org/ 10.1590/0001-3765202320220794
  • Serrano-Niño, J. C., Cavazos-Garduño, A., Hernandez-Mendoza, A., Applegate, B., Ferruzzi, M. G., San Martin-González, M. F., García, H. S. (2013). Assessment of probiotic strains ability to reduce the bioaccessibility of aflatoxin M1 in artificially contaminated milk using an in vitro digestive model. Food Control, 31(1), 202-207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.09.023
  • Shahin, A. A. M. 2007. Removal of Aflatoxin B1 from Contaminated Liquid Media by Dairy Lactic Acid Bacteria. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 9(1): 71-75.
  • Tavşanlı, H., Güner, T. E., Altundal, B., Ektik, N., İlhak, O. İ. (2024). The effect of ultrasound process on lactic acid bacteria, physicochemical and sensory properties of yoghurt, before and after inoculation of starter cultures into milk. International Journal of Dairy Technology, 77(1), 105–113. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0307.13013
  • Turna, N. S., Wu, F. (2021). Aflatoxin M1 in milk: A global occurrence, intake, & exposure assessment. Trends in Food Science and Technology, 110, 183–192. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.tifs.2021.01.081
  • Ünüsan, N. (2019). Systematic review of mycotoxins in food and feeds in Turkey. Food Control, 97, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.foodcont.2018.10.015
  • Wang, L., Wang, Z., Yuan, Y., Cai, R., Niu, C., Yue, T. (2015). Identification of key factors involved in the biosorption of patulin by inactivated lactic acid bacteria (LAB) cells. Public Library of Science, 10(11), e0143431. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0143431
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LAKTİK ASİT BAKTERİLERİNE UYGULANAN ULTRASON VE ALTERNATİF YÖNTEMLERİN FOSFAT TAMPONLU TUZLU SU ORTAMINDA AFLATOKSİN M1 DETOKSİFİKASYONU ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ

Year 2025, Volume: 50 Issue: 5, 883 - 895, 15.10.2025

Hakan Tavşanlı , Tevhide Elif Güner , Büşra Aslan Akyol , Cengiz Gökbulut

https://doi.org/10.15237/gida.GD25060

Abstract

Aflatoksin M1 (AFM1), süt ve süt ürünleri yoluyla insanlara bulaşabilen, ısıya dayanıklı ve hepatotoksik etkileriyle dikkat çeken bir mikotoksindir. Bu çalışmada, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Limosilactobacillus reuteri ve Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus suşlarının, fosfat tamponlu tuzlu su ortamında AFM1 bağlama kapasiteleri değerlendirilmiştir. Her bir bakteri tek başına ve kombinasyon halinde kullanılarak farklı işlemlere (ultrasonla aktivasyon; ısı, asit ve ultrasonla inaktivasyon) tabi tutulmuştur. Bulgular, uygulanan işlemlerin tümünün bağlanma oranlarını anlamlı biçimde artırdığını göstermiştir (P<0.05). En yüksek bağlanma oranı (%33.5), ultrasonla aktive edilmiş bakterilerin birlikte kullanıldığı grupta saptanmıştır. Laktik asit bakterileri tek başına değerlendirildiğinde fizyolojik duruma göre bağlanma oranları arasında anlamlı bir fark tespit edilmezken, bakterilerin birlikte bulunduğu gruplarda farklılıklar gözlemlenmiştir. Canlı bakterilerin yer aldığı miks gruplarda (%30–33.5), ısı ve asitle inaktive edilen gruplara (%14.5-19) göre daha yüksek bağlanma belirlenmiştir (P<0.05). Sonuç olarak mevcut veriler laktik asit bakterilerinin biyolojik detoksifikasyonda etkili bir yöntem olabileceğini gösterirken, farklı aktivasyon ve inaktivasyon işlemlerinin etkinliğinin değerlendirildiği daha ayrıntılı araştırmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.

Keywords

Aflatoksin M1 biyolojik detoksifikasyon laktik asit bakterileri ultrason teknolojisi

References

  • Abbès, S., Salah-Abbès, J. B., Sharafi, H., Jebali, R., Noghabi, K. A., Oueslati, R. (2013). Ability of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GAF01 to remove AFM1 in vitro and to counteract AFM1 immunotoxicity in vivo. Journal of Immunotoxicology, 10(3), 279-286. https://doi.org/10.3109/1547691X.2012.718810
  • Abdelmotilib, N. M., Hamad, G. M., Elderea, H. B., Salem, E. G., El Sohaimy, S. A. (2018). Aflatoxin M1 reduction in milk by a novel combination of probiotic bacterial and yeast strains. European Journal of Nutrition and Food Safety, 8(2) 83-99. https://doi.org/10.9734/ EJNFS/2018/39486
  • Abedi, E., Pourmohammadi, K., Mousavifard, M., Sayadi, M. (2022). Comparison between surface hydrophobicity of heated and thermosonicated cells to detoxify aflatoxin B1 by co-culture Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus rhamnosus in sourdough: Modeling studies. Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft and Technologie, 154, 112616. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.lwt.2021.112616
  • Adriansyah, P. N. A., Rahayu, W. P., Kusumaningrum, H. D., Kawamura, O. (2022). Aflatoxin M1 reduction by microorganisms isolated from kefir grains. International Food Research Journal, 29(1) 78-85. https://doi.org/ 10.47836/ifrj.29.1.09
  • Ahlberg, S. H., Joutsjoki, V., Korhonen, H. J. (2015). Potential of lactic acid bacteria in aflatoxin risk mitigation. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 207, 87-102. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2015.04.042
  • Bejaoui, H., Mathieu, F., Taillandier, P., Lebrihi, A. (2004). Ochratoxin A removal in synthetic and natural grape juices by selected oenological Saccharomyces strains. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 97(5), 1038-1044. https://doi.org/10.1111/ j.1365-2672.2004.02385.x
  • Bovo, F., Corassin, C. H., Rosim, R. E., de Oliveira, C. A. (2013). Efficiency of lactic acid bacteria strains for decontamination of aflatoxin m₁ in phosphate buffer saline solution and in skimmed milk. Food and Bioprocess Technology, 6, 2230-2234. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-011-0770-9
  • Brackett, R. E., Marth, E. H. (1982). Association of aflatoxin M1 with casein. Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und Forschung, 174(6), 439-441. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01042721
  • Bueno, D. J., Casale, C. H., Pizzolitto, R. P., Salvano, M. A., Oliver, G. (2007). Physical adsorption of aflatoxin B1 by lactic acid bacteria and Saccharomyces cerevisiae: a theoretical model. Journal of Food Protection, 70(9), 2148-2154. https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X-70.9.2148
  • Campagnollo, F. B., Khaneghah, A. M., Borges, L. L., Bonato, M. A., Fakhri, Y., Barbalho, C. B., Barbalho, R. L. C., Corassin, C. H., Oliveira, C. A. F. (2020). In vitro and in vivo capacity of yeast-based products to bind to aflatoxins B1 and M1 in media and foodstuffs: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Food Research International, 137, 109505. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.foodres.2020.109505
  • Chavarría, G., Molina, A., Leiva, A., Méndez, G., Wong-González, E., Cortés-Muñoz, M., Rodríguez, C., Granados-Chinchilla, F. (2017) Distribution, stability, and protein interactions of Aflatoxin M1 in fresh cheese. Food Control 73:581–586. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.foodcont.2016.09.005
  • Chaudhary, H. J., Patel, A. R. (2022). Removal of aflatoxin M1 from milk and aqueous medium by indigenously isolated strains of W. confusa H1 and L. plantarum S2. Food Bioscience, 45, 101468. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101468
  • El Khoury, A., Atoui, A., Yaghi, J. (2011). Analysis of aflatoxin M1 in milk and yogurt and AFM1 reduction by lactic acid bacteria used in Lebanese industry. Food Control, 22(10), 1695-1699. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.foodcont.2011.04.001
  • Elsanhoty, R. M., Salam, S. A., Ramadan, M. F., Badr, F. H. (2014). Detoxification of aflatoxin M1 in yoghurt using probiotics and lactic acid bacteria. Food Control, 43, 129-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.03.002
  • Fashandi, H. M., Abbasi, R., Mousavi Khaneghah, A. (2018). The detoxification of aflatoxin M1 by Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium spp.: A review. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 42(9), e13704. https://doi.org/ 10.1111/jfpp.13704
  • Foerster, C., Monsalve, L., Ríos-Gajardo, G. (2023). Occurrence of aflatoxin M1 in milk and exposure estimation for its consumption in the Chilean population. Food Control, 148, 109677. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2023.109677
  • Guimarães, J. T., Scudino, H., Ramos, G. L. P. A., Oliveira, G. A. R., Margalho, L. P., Costa, L. E. O., Freitas, M. Q., Duarte, M. C. K. H., Sant'Ana, A. S., Cruz, A. G. (2021). Current applications of high-intensity ultrasound with microbial inactivation or stimulation purposes in dairy products. Current Opinion in Food Science, 42, 140-147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cofs.2021.06.004
  • Güner, T. E., Akyol, B. A., Tavşanlı, H., Gökbulut, C. (2025). Effects of different inactivation and activation treatments applied to lactic acid bacteria on AFM1 detoxification in milk. Food Bioscience, 106974. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106974
  • Halttunen, T., Collado, M. C., El‐Nezami, H., Meriluoto, J., Salminen, S. (2008). Combining strains of lactic acid bacteria may reduce their toxin and heavy metal removal efficiency from aqueous solution. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 46(2), 160-165. https://doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2007.02276.x
  • Haskard, C. A., El-Nezami, H. S., Kankaanpää, P. E., Salminen, S., Ahokas, J. T. (2001). Surface binding of aflatoxin B1 by lactic acid bacteria. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 67(7), 3086-3091. https://doi.org/ 10.1128/AEM.67.7.3086-3091.2001
  • Kabak, B.,Var, I. (2008). Factors affecting the removal of aflatoxin M1 from food model by Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, part B, 43(7), 617-624. https://doi.org/10.1080/ 03601230802234740
  • Karazhiyan, H., Mehraban, SM, Karazhyan, R., Mehrzad, A., Haghighi, E. (2016). Ability of different treatments of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to surface bind aflatoxin M1 in yoghurt. Journal of Agricultural Food, 18, 1489-1498
  • Lee, Y. K., El-Nezami, H., Haskard, C. A., Gratz, S., Puong, K. Y., Salminen, S., Mykkänen, H. (2003). Kinetics of adsorption and desorption of aflatoxin B1 by viable and nonviable bacteria. Journal of Food Protection, 66(3), 426-430. https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X-66.3.426
  • Macit, A., Sevim, S., Kizil, M. (2024). Aflatoxin B1 and M1 detoxification in foodstuffs: Examining the efficacy of probiotics with and without prebiotics–A systematic review. Food Bioscience, 58, 103724. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.fbio.2024.103724
  • Markaki, P., Melissari, E. (1997). Occurrence of aflatoxin M1 in commercial pasteurized milk determined with ELISA and HPLC. Food Additives and Contaminants, 14(5), 451-456. https://doi.org/10.1080/02652039709374551
  • Mehenktaş, C. (2022). Süt işlemede ultrason kullanımı. Akademik Gıda, 20(4), 474–481. Ojha, K. S., Mason, T. J., O’Donnell, C. P., Kerry, J. P., Tiwari, B. K. (2017). Ultrasound technology for food fermentation applications. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 34, 410-417. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.06.001
  • Onyeaka, H., Miri, T., Hart, A., Anumudu, C., Nwabor, O. F. (2023). Application of Ultrasound Technology in Food Processing with emphasis on bacterial spores. Food Reviews International, 39(7), 3663-3675. https://doi.org/10.1080/ 87559129.2021.2013255
  • Peltonen, K. D., El‐Nezami, H. S., Salminen, S. J., Ahokas, J. T. (2001). Binding of aflatoxin B1 by probiotic bacteria. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 80(13), 1942-1945. https://doi.org/ 10.1002/1097-0010(200010)80:13<1942::AID-JSFA741>3.0.CO;2-7
  • Pierides, M., El-Nezami, H., Peltonen, K., Salminen, S., Ahokas, J. (2000). Ability of dairy strains of lactic acid bacteria to bind aflatoxin M1 in a food model. Journal of Food Protection, 63(5), 645-650. https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X-63.5.645
  • Piotrowska, M. (2014). The adsorption of ochratoxin A by Lactobacillus species. Toxins, 6(9), 2826-2839. https://doi.org/10.3390/ toxins6092826
  • Sanaldi, K., Coban, A. Y. (2023). Detoxification of aflatoxin M1 in different milk types using probiotics. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 95(1), e20220794. https://doi.org/ 10.1590/0001-3765202320220794
  • Serrano-Niño, J. C., Cavazos-Garduño, A., Hernandez-Mendoza, A., Applegate, B., Ferruzzi, M. G., San Martin-González, M. F., García, H. S. (2013). Assessment of probiotic strains ability to reduce the bioaccessibility of aflatoxin M1 in artificially contaminated milk using an in vitro digestive model. Food Control, 31(1), 202-207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.09.023
  • Shahin, A. A. M. 2007. Removal of Aflatoxin B1 from Contaminated Liquid Media by Dairy Lactic Acid Bacteria. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 9(1): 71-75.
  • Tavşanlı, H., Güner, T. E., Altundal, B., Ektik, N., İlhak, O. İ. (2024). The effect of ultrasound process on lactic acid bacteria, physicochemical and sensory properties of yoghurt, before and after inoculation of starter cultures into milk. International Journal of Dairy Technology, 77(1), 105–113. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0307.13013
  • Turna, N. S., Wu, F. (2021). Aflatoxin M1 in milk: A global occurrence, intake, & exposure assessment. Trends in Food Science and Technology, 110, 183–192. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.tifs.2021.01.081
  • Ünüsan, N. (2019). Systematic review of mycotoxins in food and feeds in Turkey. Food Control, 97, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.foodcont.2018.10.015
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There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Dairy Technology
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Hakan Tavşanlı 0000-0002-5124-3702

Tevhide Elif Güner 0000-0002-8706-1417

Büşra Aslan Akyol 0000-0002-4123-8408

Cengiz Gökbulut 0000-0002-4912-7307

Publication Date October 15, 2025
Submission Date May 6, 2025
Acceptance Date September 9, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 50 Issue: 5

Cite

APA Tavşanlı, H., Güner, T. E., Aslan Akyol, B., Gökbulut, C. (2025). LAKTİK ASİT BAKTERİLERİNE UYGULANAN ULTRASON VE ALTERNATİF YÖNTEMLERİN FOSFAT TAMPONLU TUZLU SU ORTAMINDA AFLATOKSİN M1 DETOKSİFİKASYONU ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ. Gıda, 50(5), 883-895. https://doi.org/10.15237/gida.GD25060
AMA Tavşanlı H, Güner TE, Aslan Akyol B, Gökbulut C. LAKTİK ASİT BAKTERİLERİNE UYGULANAN ULTRASON VE ALTERNATİF YÖNTEMLERİN FOSFAT TAMPONLU TUZLU SU ORTAMINDA AFLATOKSİN M1 DETOKSİFİKASYONU ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ. The Journal of Food. October 2025;50(5):883-895. doi:10.15237/gida.GD25060
Chicago Tavşanlı, Hakan, Tevhide Elif Güner, Büşra Aslan Akyol, and Cengiz Gökbulut. “LAKTİK ASİT BAKTERİLERİNE UYGULANAN ULTRASON VE ALTERNATİF YÖNTEMLERİN FOSFAT TAMPONLU TUZLU SU ORTAMINDA AFLATOKSİN M1 DETOKSİFİKASYONU ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ”. Gıda 50, no. 5 (October 2025): 883-95. https://doi.org/10.15237/gida.GD25060.
EndNote Tavşanlı H, Güner TE, Aslan Akyol B, Gökbulut C (October 1, 2025) LAKTİK ASİT BAKTERİLERİNE UYGULANAN ULTRASON VE ALTERNATİF YÖNTEMLERİN FOSFAT TAMPONLU TUZLU SU ORTAMINDA AFLATOKSİN M1 DETOKSİFİKASYONU ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ. Gıda 50 5 883–895.
IEEE H. Tavşanlı, T. E. Güner, B. Aslan Akyol, and C. Gökbulut, “LAKTİK ASİT BAKTERİLERİNE UYGULANAN ULTRASON VE ALTERNATİF YÖNTEMLERİN FOSFAT TAMPONLU TUZLU SU ORTAMINDA AFLATOKSİN M1 DETOKSİFİKASYONU ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ”, The Journal of Food, vol. 50, no. 5, pp. 883–895, 2025, doi: 10.15237/gida.GD25060.
ISNAD Tavşanlı, Hakan et al. “LAKTİK ASİT BAKTERİLERİNE UYGULANAN ULTRASON VE ALTERNATİF YÖNTEMLERİN FOSFAT TAMPONLU TUZLU SU ORTAMINDA AFLATOKSİN M1 DETOKSİFİKASYONU ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ”. Gıda 50/5 (October2025), 883-895. https://doi.org/10.15237/gida.GD25060.
JAMA Tavşanlı H, Güner TE, Aslan Akyol B, Gökbulut C. LAKTİK ASİT BAKTERİLERİNE UYGULANAN ULTRASON VE ALTERNATİF YÖNTEMLERİN FOSFAT TAMPONLU TUZLU SU ORTAMINDA AFLATOKSİN M1 DETOKSİFİKASYONU ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ. The Journal of Food. 2025;50:883–895.
MLA Tavşanlı, Hakan et al. “LAKTİK ASİT BAKTERİLERİNE UYGULANAN ULTRASON VE ALTERNATİF YÖNTEMLERİN FOSFAT TAMPONLU TUZLU SU ORTAMINDA AFLATOKSİN M1 DETOKSİFİKASYONU ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ”. Gıda, vol. 50, no. 5, 2025, pp. 883-95, doi:10.15237/gida.GD25060.
Vancouver Tavşanlı H, Güner TE, Aslan Akyol B, Gökbulut C. LAKTİK ASİT BAKTERİLERİNE UYGULANAN ULTRASON VE ALTERNATİF YÖNTEMLERİN FOSFAT TAMPONLU TUZLU SU ORTAMINDA AFLATOKSİN M1 DETOKSİFİKASYONU ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ. The Journal of Food. 2025;50(5):883-95.
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