Eklemeli İmalat ile Üretilen PLA Yapılarda Dolgu Geometrisi ve Gözenek Oranının Mekanik Özelliklere Etkisi

Abstract

Eklemeli imalat (Eİ) yöntemi, geleneksel üretim teknikleri ile imalatı zor olan kompleks geometrili parçaların kolay bir şekilde üretilmesini sağlayan bir imalat metodudur. Bu imalat yönteminde, üretilecek olan modelin 3D verileri yardımıyla malzeme katmanlar halinde yığılarak parçalar üretilmektedir. Eriyik yığma modelleme (EYM) yöntemi termoplastik malzemelerden parça üretiminde sıklıkla kullanılan bir Eİ yöntemidir. Bu çalışmada, PLA malzemeden üretilen parçalarda farklı dolgu geometrisi ve gözenek oranının bu parçaların mekanik özelliklerine etkisi deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. Parçaların mekanik davranışlarını araştırmak amacıyla çekme, basma ve darbe deneyleri ilgili standartlara göre yapılmış ve karşılaştırılan mekanik özellikler açısından en uygun birim hücre yapısı belirlenmiştir. Bu amaçla, farklı dolgu geometrilerine (Octet, Gyroid ve Cross) ve gözenek oranlarına (%50, %30 ve %20) sahip numuneler parçalar numuneler her bir deney standardına uygun boyutlarda modellenmiş ve EYM yöntemiyle üretilmiştir. Genel olarak, tüm dolgu geometrilerinde gözeneklilik oranının artmasıyla mekanik özelliklerin kötüleştiği görülmüştür. Octet dolgu geometrili yapıda en yüksek çekme dayanımı elde edilirken, Cross dolgu geometrili yapıda en fazla şekil değişimi görülmüştür.

Keywords

• Eklemeli İmalat
• Eriyik Yığma
• Dolgu geometrisi
• Mekanik özellik
• Plastik malzeme

The Effects of Infill Geometry and Porosity Ratio on Mechanical Properties of PLA Structures Produced by Additive Manufacturing

Abstract

The fabrication of intricately formed parts, challenging with the traditional manufacturing approach, is facilitated by additive manufacturing (AM). Stacking the material layer by layer and using the 3D data from the model, parts are created using this technique. The design of parts with various porosities inside the same cell structure and industry sector-specific manufacture are both made possible by this technology. With varied infill geometries and porosity ratios, pieces made from PLA material with different mechanical properties were compared in this study. Parts were made for this purpose using fused deposition modeling (FDM) and various infill geometries (Octet, Gyroid, and Cross). The unit cell size for infill geometries was set at 5x5x5mm, and test samples with porosities of 50%, 30%, and 20% were created. Tensile, compression, and impact tests were conducted to examine the mechanical behavior of these parts, and the best unit cell structure was selected based on the assessed mechanical properties. In general, it was found that all fill geometries' mechanical qualities declined with increasing porosity ratio. The Octet infill geometry structure had the maximum tensile strength. However, the Cross infill geometry sample had the most significant deformation.

Keywords

• Additive manufacturing
• fused deposition
• infill geometry
• mechanical property
• PLA

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