Düşük/Sıfır Karbonlu Binalara Yönelik İç veya Dış Isı Yalıtımı? Kritik Bir Rapor

Abstract

Düşük karbonlu toplumlar yaratma çabası artık sürdürülebilir bir dünyaya duyulan ihtiyaçtan daha fazlasıdır. Dünya enerji tüketimi rakamlarını ve sera gazı emisyonlarını azaltmak amacıyla yapılan sektörel enerji analizlerine göre, Uluslararası Enerji Ajansı'nın (IEA) 2050 yılına kadar net sıfır hedefi kapsamında en dikkat çekici potansiyel önlemlerin başında binalar geliyor. Düşük/sıfır karbon standartları Bu bağlamda geliştirilen ve temel olarak binalar için düşük emisyonlu tasarım ve operasyonel performans öneren bir proje. Binalarda bu standartları karşılamak için geleneksel yalıtım malzemeleri ve tekniklerini kullanmak yerine ısı yalıtımı gibi sert önlemlere ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Isıl süper yalıtım malzemeleri arasında aerojel battaniyeler (AB'ler) ve vakum yalıtım panelleri (VIP'ler) çok düşük ısı iletkenlik aralıkları nedeniyle her geçen gün dikkat çekmektedir. AB'ler ve VIP'lerle donatılan bina kaplamalarının ince, hafif ve termal açıdan yüksek dirençli özelliklerine rağmen, termal köprüler, sıcak ve soğuk noktalar, dayanıklılık ve özellikle maliyet sorunları gibi bazı zorluklar hâlâ mevcut. Bahsedilen zorluklar genellikle iç veya dış yalıtım konusunda yanlış karar verildiğinde ortaya çıkar. İç ve dış termal süper yalıtımın güçlendirilmesinin artıları ve eksileri arasında hâlâ çok sayıda tutarsızlık var. Dolayısıyla bu kısa yazıda, güçlendirilmiş binaların yerinde performans bulguları üzerinden söz konusu tartışma ele alınmaktadır.

Keywords

• İç veya dış izolasyon
• termal süper yalıtım
• termal köprüler
• aerojel battaniye
• vakum yalıtım paneli

Internal Or External Thermal Superinsulation Towards Low/Zero Carbon Buildings? A Critical Report

Abstract

The effort to create low-carbon societies is now more than just a need for a sustainable world. According to the sectoral energy analyses carried out to reduce world energy consumption figures and greenhouse gas emissions, buildings are one of the most striking potential measures within the net zero target of the International Energy Agency (IEA) by 2050. Low/zero carbon standards are developed in this regard, which basically propose low-emission design and operational performance for buildings. Rather than using conventional insulation materials and techniques, drastic measures like thermal superinsulation are required to meet these standards in buildings. Among thermal superinsulation materials, aerogel blankets (ABs) and vacuum insulation panels (VIPs) attract attention day after day owing to their very low thermal conductivity ranges. Despite the slim, lightweight, and highly thermally resistive features of building envelopes retrofitted with ABs and VIPs, there are still some challenges, such as thermal bridges, hot and cold spots, durability, and especially cost issues. The aforesaid challenges usually take place when a wrong decision is made to internal or external insulation. There are still numerous discrepancies in the pros and cons of internal and external thermal superinsulation retrofit. Therefore, this short communication deals with the said discussion through the in-situ performance findings of retrofitted buildings.

Keywords

• Internal or external insulation
• thermal superinsulation
• thermal bridges
• aerogel blanket
• vacuum insulation panel

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