Kumaş Polisaj Tezgâhında Gürültü ve Titreşim Azaltım Çalışması

Abstract

Sanayileşme ile artan gürültü seviyeleri insan sağlığını olumsuz etkilemektedir. Özellikle yüksek gürültülü işyerlerinde çalışanların yüksek gürültüye maruz kalması işçi sağlığını olumsuz etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmada, bir tekstil firmasında dokuma tezgahı türü olarak kullanılan kumaş polisaj tezgahının gürültü ve titreşim problemini azaltmak için bir dizi çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Çalışanların gürültüye maruz kaldıkları çalışma alanında bulunan tezgahlardan kumaş polisaj makinesi, pilot çalışma tezgahı olarak seçildi. Polisaj tezgahı ve çevresinin bazı noktalarından gürültü ve titreşim ölçümleri alınmıştır. Alınan titreşim ve gürültü ölçümleri analiz edilerek polisaj tezgahının gürültü ve titreşim seviyeleri ve karakteristikleri belirlendi. Makinenin gürültü emisyonlarını azaltmak için çeşitli gürültü ve titreşim izolasyon uygulamaları yapılmıştır. Ofis çalışma alanına gürültü iletimini azaltmak için ofisler ile kumaş işleme alanı arasına gürültü duvarı kuruldu. Fan kanalları ise ses yalıtım malzemeleri ile kaplanmıştır. Titreşim kaynaklı gürültüyü azaltmak için tezgah ayaklarının altına titreşim izolasyonlu kauçuk takozlar yerleştirilmiştir. Aynı koşullarda tekrarlanan ölçüm ve analizler sonrasında, polisaj makinesinin gürültü ve titreşim seviyelerinin önemli ölçüde azaldığı görülmüştür.

Keywords

• Tekstil tezgahı gürültüsü
• gürültü kontolü
• gürültü azaltımı
• titreşim azaltımı

Noise and Vibration Abatement Study on a Fabric Polishing Machine

Abstract

Increasing noise levels with industrialization adversely affect human health. Especially in high noisy workplaces, the exposure of workers to high noise negatively affects workers' health. In this study, a series of studies have been carried out to reduce the noise and vibration problem of a polishing bench, which is a type of weaving loom in a textile company. A fabric polishing bench in the working area where workers are exposed to its loud noise was chosen as the pilot fabric machine. Noise and vibration measurements were taken from some points of the polishing bench and its surroundings. By analyzing the vibration and noise measurements taken, the noise and vibration levels and characteristics of the polishing bench were determined. Some noise and vibration isolation applications have been implemented to reduce the noise emission of the bench. In order to reduce noise transmission to the office workplace, a noise wall was set up between offices and the fabric processing area. The fan ducts were covered with sound insulation materials. For reducing vibration-induced noise, vibration isolation rubber pads are placed under the bench legs. After repeated measurements and analyzes under the same conditions, it was observed that the noise and vibration levels of the polishing bench were significantly reduced.

Keywords

• Textile machine noise
• noise control
• noise abatement
• vibration reduction

References

1. [1] E. Atmaca, I. Peker, and A. Altin, “Industrial noise and its effects on humans” Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 2005; 14(6).
2. [2] World Health Organization. “Addressing the prevalence of hearing loss’’ World Health Organization, Geneva, 2018 February 2018. p. 3e10.
3. [3] T.S.S. Jayawardana, M.Y.A. Perera and G.H.D. Wijesena, “Analysis and control of noise in a textile factory” International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP), Volume 4, Issue 12, December 2014 Edition.
4. [4] M.H. Noweir and A.T.M. Jamil, “Noise Pollution in Textile, Printing and Publishing Industries in Saudi Arabia” Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 83, 103–111 (2003).
5. [5] N, Parvin, M. Nabiollah and R. Negar, “Survey of noise pollution in weaving unit of parsabaft textile factory and providing some noise control ways” Intl. Res. J. Appl. Basic. Sci. Vol., 10 (7), 876-881, 2016.
6. [6] M.K. Talukdar, “Noise pollution and its control in textile industry” Indian Journal of Fibre & Textile Research, Vol. 26, pp. 44-49, March-June 2001.
7. [7] Z. DURAN, M. GENÇ, T. DOĞAN, and B. ERDEM, “Evaluation of noise emission in a textile plant” MTU Journal of Engineering and Natural Sciences, 1:1, 53-63, 2020.
8. [8] E. Johnson Glen, “An investigation of picking noise in an automatic loom” Master thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, October 1974.

9. [9] F. Shabani, I. Alimohammadi, J. Abolghasemi, T. Dehdari, and R. Ghasemi, “The study of effect of educational intervention on noise annoyance among workers in a textile industry” Applied Acoustics, Volume 170, 2020.
10. [10] R. Atiénzar-Navarro, M. Bonet-Aracil, J. Gisbert-Payá, R. del Rey and R. Picó, “Sound absorption of textile fabrics doped with microcapsules” Applied Acoustics, Volume 164, 2020.
11. [11] K. Z. Aung, M. M. Aung, M. Thandar, Y. M. Htun, T. H. Aung, M. K. Tun, and M. H. Zaw, “Assessment of Noise Exposure and Hearing Loss among Workers in Textile Mill (Thiamine), Myanmar: A Cross-Sectional Study” Safety and Health at Work, Volume 11, Issue 2, Pages 199-206, 2020.
12. [12] A. Osibogun, I. Igweze, and L. Adeniran, “Noise-induced hearing loss among textile workers in Lagos metropolis” Niger Postgrad Med J., Sep.7 (3): 104–111, 2000.
13. [13] H. Omer Ahmed. “Noise exposure, awareness, practice and noise annoyance among steel workers in United Arab Emirates” The Open Public Health Journal, Volume 5, 28-35, 2012.
14. [14] F.E. Ologe, T.M. Akande and T.G. Olajide, “Occupational noise exposure and sensorineural hearing loss among workers of a steel rolling mill” Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol, Jul; 263(7): 618-21, 2006.
15. [15] S. Harmadji and H. Kabullah, “Noise induced hearing loss in steel factory workers”, Folia Medica Indonesiana, Vol. 40, 171-4, October 2004.
16. [16] T.N. Wu, F.S. Chou, and P.Y. Chang, “A study of noise-induced hearing loss and blood pressure in steel mill workers” Int Arch Occup Environ Health, Vol. 59, 529-36, 1987.
17. [17] A. Sriopas, R. S. Chapman, S. Sutammasa and W. Siriwong, “Occupational noise-induced hearing loss in auto part factory workers in welding units in Thailand” Journal of occupational health, 59(1), 55–62, 2017.
18. [18] World Health Organization. Addressing the prevalence of hearing loss. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018 February 2018. p. 3e10.
19. [19] Occupational Safety and Health Administration DIANE Publishing; OSHA: 2002. Hearing conservation; pp. 8–15. (U.S. Department of labor). 3074.
20. [20] The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (Niosh) National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; 1998 June 1998. Criteria for a recommended standard, occupational noise exposure, revised criteria 1998. 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226–1998: education and information division; pp. 23–50.
21. [21] World Health Organization. “Situation review and update on deafness, hearing loss and intervention programmes, proposed plans of action for prevention and alleviation of hearing impairment in countries of the South-East Asia region” New Delhi: World Health Organization, Regional Office for South-East Asia; p. 7e20, December 2007.
22. [22] www.lygrn.com. [Accessed: April 07, 2021]
23. [23] N. Özgüven, Gürültü Kontrolü, Türk Akustik Derneği Teknik Yayinlari, 2008.
24. [24] International Standard, IEC 61672-1:2013 - Electroacoustics - Sound level meters - Part 1: Specifications.
25. [25] American National Standard Electroacoustics - Sound Level Meters - Part 1: Specifications, ANSI/ASA S1.4-2014/Part 1 / IEC 61672:1-2013.
26. [26] International Standard, IEC 61260-1:2014 - Electroacoustics - Octave-band and fractional-octave-band filters - Part 1: Specifications.
27. [27] International Standard, IEC 60942:2003 - Electroacoustics - Sound level meters - Part 1: Specifications.
28. [28] American National Standard Electroacoustics - Specifications and Verification Procedures for Sound Calibrators, ANSI/ASA S1.40-2006 (R2016).