LIPOIC ACID

Öz

Lipoic acid, which is defined as a miralce  antioxidan, is used by many departments. Eventhough  clinical using data are very limited , it is used in treatment of diabetic neuropathy, physical therapy and rehabilitation clinic, dermatology clinic, geriatric  clinics. It has usage area for cosmetic purposes.  Although there are reports there are the direction of  the  effectiveness in  these areas, the works done are not enough. Today lipoic acid , used in many areas ,is evaluated as universal antioxidant 

 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Alpha lipoic acid, antioxidant, treatment

LİPOİK ASİT

Öz

Mucize bir antioksidan olarak tanımlanan lipoik asit birçok klinikte kullanılmaktadır. Klinik kullanımına ait veriler çok kısıtlı olmasına rağmen diyabetik nöropati tedavisinde, fizik tedavi ve rehabilitasyon, dermatoloji ve geriatri kliniklerinde kullanılmaktadır. Kozmetik olarak kullanım alanları vardır. Bu alanlarda etkili olduğu yönünde bildirimler olsa da yapılan çalışmalar yeterli değildir. Günümüzde birçok alanda kullanılmaya başlanan lipoik asit evrensel bir antioksidan olarak değerlendirilmektedir.

 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Alfa lipoik asit, antioksidan, tedavi

Kaynakça

1. Bitar MS, Wahid S, Pilcher CW, Al-Saleh E, Al-Mulla F. Alpha-lipoic acid mitigates insulin resistance in Goto-Kakizaki rats. Horm Metab Res. 2004;36:542-549.
2. Navari-Izzo F, Quartacci MF, Sgherri C, et al. Lipoic acid:a unique antioxidant in the detoxification of activated oxygen species. Plant Physiol Biochem. 2002;40:463-470.
3. Neal R, Cooper K, Kellogg G, Gurer H, Ercal N. Effects of some sulfurcontaining antioxidants on leadexposed lenses. Free Radic Biol Med. 1999;26:239-243.
4. Biewenga G, de Jong J, Bast A. Lipoic acid favors. thiolsulfinate formation after hypochlorous acid scavenging: a study with lipoic acid derivatives. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1994;312:114-20.
5. Smith AR, Shenvi SV, Widlansky M, Suh JH, Hagen TM. Lipoic acid as a potential therapy for chronic diseases associated with oxidative stress. Curr Med Chem. 2004;11(9):1135-1146.
6. Kramer K, Packer L.: R-alpha-lipoic acid. In: Kramer K, Hoppe P,Packer L, eds. Nutraceuticals in Health and Disease Prevention. NewYork: Marcel Dekker, Inc.; 2001. 129-164,.
7. Packer L, Kraemer K, Rimbach G. Molecular aspects of lipoic acid in the prevention of diabetes complications, Nutrition. 2001; 17, 888-895.
8. Roy S, Packer L. Redox regulation of cell functionsby alpha-lipoate: biochemical and molecular aspects. Biofactors. 1998;8:17-21.

9. Coleman MD, Eason RC, Bailey CJ. The therapeutic use of lipoic acid in diabetes: a current perspective. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2001;10:167-172.
10. May JM, Qu ZC, Mendiratta S. Protection and recycling of alphatocopherol in human erythrocytes by intracellular ascorbic acid. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1998;349(2):281-28.
11. Lu C, Liu Y. Interactions of lipoic acid radical cations with vitamins C and E analogue and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2002;406:78-84.
12. Jacob S, Henriksen EJ, Tritschler HJ, Augustin HJ, Dietze GJ. Improvement of insulin-stimulated glucose-disposal in type 2 diabetes after repeated parenteral administration of thioctic acid. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 1996;104, 284-288.
13. Nickander KK, McPhee BR, Low PA, Tritschler H. Alpha-lipoic acid: antioxidant potency against lipid peroxidation of neural tissues in vitro and implications for diabetic neuropathy, Free Radic Biol Med.1996; 21, 631-639.
14. Kahler W, Kuklinski B, Ruhlmann C, Plotz C. Diabetes mellitus-a free radical-associated disease. Results of adjuvant antioxidant supplementation, Z Gesamte Inn Med 1993;48: 223- 232.
15. Kojima M, Sun L, Hata I, et al. Efficacy of α-Lipoic Acid Against Diabetic Cataract in Rat. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2007;51, 10-13.
16. Filina AA, Davydova NG, Endrikhovskii SN, Shamshinova AM. Lipoic acid as a means of metabolic therapy of open-angle glaucoma, Vestn Oftalmol. 1995; 111, 6-8.
17. Scheer B, Zimmer G. Dihydrolipoic acid prevents hypoxic/reoxygenation and peroxidative damage in rat mitochondria, Arch Biochem Biophys. 1995; 302, 385-390.
18. Baur A, Harrer T, Peukert M, et al. Alpha-lipoic acid is an effective inhibitor of human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV-1) replication, Klin Wochenschr, 1991; 69, 722-724.
19. Kowluru RA, Chan PS. Oxidative Stress and Diabetic Retinopathy. Exp Diabetes Res. 2007;1-12.
20. Packer L, Witt EH, Tritschler HJ. Alpha-Lipoic acid as a biological antioxidant. Free Radic Biol Med. 1995;19:227-250.
21. Busse E, Zimmer G, Schopohl B, Kornhuber B. Influence of alpha-lipoic acid on intracellular glutathione in vitro and in vivo. Arzneimittelforschung, 1992;42, 829-831.
22. Pfaffly J.R. Lipoic acid: The antioxidant chameleon. 2001.
23. Moini H, Packer L, Saris NL. Antioxidant and prooxidant activities of alpha-lipoic acid and dihydrolipoic acid. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 2002;182: 84-90.
24. Biewenga GP, Haenen GRMM, Bast A. The pharmacology of the antioxidant lipoic acid. Gen Pharmac. 1997;29: 315-331.
25. Wollin SD, Jones PJH. Alpha-lipoic acid and cardiovascular disease. J Nutr. 2003;133:3327-3330.
26. Kagan VE, Shvedova A, Serbinova E, et al. Dihydrolipoic acid -a universal antioxidant both in the membrane and in the aqueous phase. Reduction of peroxyl, ascorbyl and chromanoxyl radicals. Biochem Pharmacol.1992;44: 1637-1649.
27. Parcell S. Sulfur in human nutrition and applications in medicine. Altern Med Rev. 2002; 7: 22-24.
28. Bustamante J, Lodge JK, Marcocci L, et al. Alpha lipoic acid in liver metabolism and disease. Free Radic. Biol.Med.1998; 24(6):1023-1039.
29. Kim MS, Park JY, Namkoong C, et al. Anti-obesity effects of alipoic acid mediated by suppression of hypothalamic AMP-activated protein kinase. Nature Med.2004; 13:1-7.
30. Packer L. Antioxidant properties of lipoic acid and its therapeutic effects in prevention of diabetes complications and cataracts. Ann NY Acad Sci.1994; 738: 257-264.
31. Özçetin M, Yılmaz R, Tetikçok R, Karaaslan E, Dürer Z, Narin B. On aylık çocukta Alfa Lipoik Asit İntoksikasyonu. Anatol J Clin Investig 2012;6(1):66-67
32. Packer L. Alpha Lipoic acid : a metabolic antioxidant which regulates NF-kappa B signal transduction and protects against oxidative injury. Drug. Metab. Rev.1998; 30(2): 245-275.