The SSRI [Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor] effect of harmaline in Syrien Rue [Peganum harmala]

Year 2012, Volume: 2 Issue: 3, 201 - 203, 01.09.2012

Başar Altınterim

Abstract

Harmal [Peganum harmala] or Syrian Rue is a plant from which harmine was first isolated, as well as a source of alkaloids, i.e., harmaline and tetrahydroharmine. The alkaloids in harmal, has a wide spectrum of pharmacological actions in various scales. The β-carboline alkaloids [harmine, harmal, harmaline and harmalol] are found in the harmal seeds and a minor amounts in the aerial parts of plant. Peganum harmala, is a central nervous system stimulant and a reversible inhibitor of MAO-A. Generally speaking, herbs should be combined cautiously with antidepressants and patients should be monitored carefully after starting combination therapy. There are few studies on whether herbs and antidepressant drugs work together well or might cause adverse effects. What is important is the use of drugs with which the plant, that is to determined how much and how often.

Keywords

Syrien rue, harmaline, SSRI.

Üzerlik tohumun [Peganum harmala]'daki harmalinin SSRIs [Selectif serotonin geri alım inhibitör] etkisi

Abstract

Harmaline ve tetrahidroharmin gibi alkoloidlerin en iyi bilinen kaynaklarından ilki üzerlik veya suriye sedef otu olarak bilinen bitkidir. Harmal alkalodileri, farmakolojik olarak geniş bir kullanıma sahiptir. Β-karbolin alkoloidlerinin [harmin, harmal, harmalin ve harmalol] çoğu üzerlik tohumlarında az bir kısmı ise bitkinin üst kısımlarında bulunmaktadır. Peganum harmala, merkezi sinir sistemini uyaran ve MAO-A inhibitörünü tersine çeviren bir bitkidir. Genellikle otların antidepresanlarla birlikte kullanılmasında dikkatli olunmasında ve hastaların bu kombine kullanımında dikkatle takip edilmesi gerektiği söylenir. Bitkiler ile antidepresan ilaçların birlikte kullanıldığı çalışmalar olduğu gibi yan etki görüldüğü çalışmalar da vardır. Önemli olan hangi ilaç ile hangi bitkinin ne oranda ve ne sıklıkta kullanılabilceğinin tespit edilmesidir.

Keywords

Üzerlik tohumu, harmalin, SSRI

References

• 1. Abdel-Fattah AFM, Matsumoto K, Murakami Y. Central serotonin level-dependent changes in body temperature following administration of tryptophan to pargyline- and harmaline- pretreated rats. Gen Pharmacol 1997; 28: 405-409.
• 2. Bennati E [1968]. New Encyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations Saffron Walden. Boll. Chim. Farm, pp. 107-716.
• 3. Hagiwara A, Sano M, Asakawa E, Tanaka H, Hasegawa R, Ito N[1992]. Enhancing effects of harman and norharman on induction ofpreneoplastic and neoplastic kidney lesions in rats initiated with NethyI-Nhydroxyethylnitrosamine. Jpn. J. Cancer Res., 83-9: 949- 955.
• 4. Spruce, R. [1873]. On some remarkable narcotics of the Amazon Valley and Orinoco. August Geographic Review, 1[55], 184–193.
• 5. Callaway, J., Raymon, L., Hearn, W., McKenna, D., Grob, C., Brito, G., et al. [1996]. Quantitation of N,Ndimethyltryptamine and harmala alkaloids in human plasma after oral dosing with ayahuasca. Journal of Analytical Toxicology, 20, 492–497.
• 6. McKenna, T. Food of the Gods: The Search for the Original Tree of Knowledge. New York: Bantam Books, 1992, pp. 224–227.
• 7. Udenfriend, S., Witkop, B., Redfield, B., & Weissbach, H. [1958]. Studies with reversible inhibitors of monoamine oxidase: Harmaline and related compounds. Biochemical Pharmacology, 1, 160-165.
• 8. Ross, S.A., Megalla, S.E., Dishay, D.W., Awad, A.M. Studies for determining antibiotic substances in some Egyptian plants: I. Screening for antimicrobial activity. Fitoterapia. 51: 303, 1981.
• 9. Shi CC, Liao JF, Chen CF. Spasmolytic effect of three harmala alkaloids on guinea-pig isolated trachea. Pharmacol Toxicol. 2001; 89: 259-264.
• 10. Callaway, J. [1996]. DMTs in the human brain. Yearbook for ethnomedicine, 4, 45–54.
• 11. "Moses the Shaman" [http://www.scribd.com /doc /2231000/ Moses-the-Shaman]. www.scribd.com. . Retrieved 2008-03-17.
• 12. Massaro, Edward J. [2002]. Handbook of Neurotoxicology [http://books.google.com/?id= 2c2KepbCDQC&pg =PA237&lpg= PA237&dq= harmaline+antidepressant]. Humana Press. p. 237. ISBN 089603796