BibTex RIS Cite

A Comprehensive Review of Osteomyelitis

Year 2012, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 50 - 63, 01.03.2012

Özgür Günal Umut Tuncel Aykut Ülger

Abstract

Osteomyelitis is defined as the infection of bone. Currently, despite the variety of treatment methods and the gradually increasing success of the treatment, the treatment of osteomyelitis is a hard discipline and the rate of the treatment success is still not satisfying. Thus, the treatment of cronic osteomyelitis goes on to stand before us as an important problem. In the success of the treatment, it is very important to determine the phases of osteomyelitis correctly, the suitabality of the microbiologic sampling and the aplication of the appropriate antimicrobial and surgical treatment. A multidisiplined approach in which there are the specialists of orthopedics, infection diseases, plastic surgery and cardiovascular surgery is needed in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis. In this report, the subject of osteomyelitis in adults was evaluated under the light of current information.

Keywords

osteomyelit tanı tedavi

References

  • Lew DP, Waldvogel FA. Osteomyelitis. Lancet 2004; 364: 369–79.
  • Evans RP, Nelson CL, Lange TA. Pathophysiology of Osteomyelitis. In: Collister Ewarts, editors. Surgery of the musculoskeletal system, Mc Churchill Livingstone; 1990. p.1935.
  • Luciana Souza Jorge, Alceu Gomes Chueire, Alceu Gomes Chueire, Osteomyelitis: a current challenge. Braz J Infect Dis 2010;14(3):315059.
  • Lazzarini L, Mader JT, Calhoun JH: Osteomyelitis in long bones. J Bone Joint Surg 2004, 86(10):2305-18.
  • Rubin RJ, Harrington CA, Poon A, et al: The economic impact of Staphylococcus aureus infection in New York City hospitals. Emerg Infect Dis 1999; 95:9-17.
  • Ciampolini J, Harding KG. Pathophysiology of chronic bacterial osteomyelitis. Why do antibiotics fail so often? Postgrad Med J. 2000;76:479-83.
  • Mader JT, Shirtliff M, Calhoun JH: Staging and staging application osteomyelitis. Clin Infect Dis 1997; 25:1303-09.
  • Cierny III G, Mader JT, Penninck JJ: A clinical staging system for adult Osteomyelitis. Contemp Orthop 1985;10:17–37.
  • Berbari EF, Steckelberg JM, Osmon DR, Osteomyelitis, In Mandell, Douglas and Bennett's Principles and practice of Infectious Diseases. Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, editors. 7th edition, Churchill Livingstone Elsevier; 2010. p.1457-67.
  • Lew DP, Waldvogel FA: Osteomyelitis. N Engl J Med 1997; 336:999-1007.
  • Marietta Vazquez. Osteomyelitis in children. Current Opinion in Pediatrics 2002, 14:112–15.
  • Harris NH, Kirkaldy-Willis WH. Primary subacute pyogenic osteomyelitis. J Bone Joint Surg 1965;47:526-32.
  • Oto M. Kronik Osteomyelit’te Tanı Ve Medikal - Cerrahi Tedavi Kombinasyonunun Değeri. Pamukkale Tıp Dergisi 2008;1:50-8.
  • Suma R, Vinay C, Shashikanth MC, Subba Reddy VV. Garre's sclerosing osteomyelitis. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2007;25 (Suppl):30-3.
  • Foglat C, Lindsey RW. C-reactive protein in orthopaedics. Orthopedics 1988;21:687-91.
  • Sia IG, Berbari EF. Osteomyelitis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2006;20:1065–81.
  • Haas DW, McAndrew MP. Bacterial osteomyelitis in adults: evolving considerations in diagnosis and treatment. Am JMed 1996;101:550–61.
  • Kothari NA, Pelchovitz DP, Meyer PJ. Imaging of musculoskeletal infections. Radiol Clin North Am 2001; 39: 653–71.
  • Santiago RC, Gimenez CR, McCarthy K. Imaging of osteomyelitis and musculoskeletal soft tissue infections: current concepts. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2003; 29: 89–109.
  • Gross T, Kaim AH, Reggazoni P, Widmer AF. Current concepts in posttraumatic osteomyelitis: a diagnostic challenge with new imaging options. J Trauma 2002; 52: 1210-19.
  • Warner Jr. WC. Osteomyelitis. In: Canale ST, editors, Campbell’s Operative Orthopaedics. St. Louis, Mosby; 1998. p. 563-600.
  • Termaat MF, Raijmakers PG, Scholten HJ, Bakker FC, Patka P, Haarman HJ. The accuracy of diagnostic imaging for the assessment of chronic osteomyelitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2005; 87(11):2464-71.
  • Robiller FC, Stumpe KD, Kossmann T, Weisshaupt D, Bruder E, von Schulthess GK. Chronic osteomyelitis of the femur:value of PET imaging. Eur Radiol 2000;10: 855–58.
  • Pineda C, Espinosa R, Pena A. Radiographic Imaging İn Osteomyelitis: The Role Of Plain Radiography, Computed Tomography, Ultrasonography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, And Scintigraphy. Semin Plast Surg 2009;23:80–89.
  • Özsüt H, Tözün R, Çağatay A, Eraksoy H. Kronik Osteomyelit ve Total Protez İnfeksiyonlarında Yüzeyel Sürüntü Kültürleriyle, Derin Doku veya Aspirat Materyallerinin Mikrobiyolojik Sonuçlarının Karşılaştırılması. Klimik Dergisi 2007:20(3): 71-6.
  • Brady RA, Leid JG, Costerton JW, Shirtliff ME. Osteomyelitis: Clinical overview and mechanisms of infection persistence. Clinical Microbiology Newsletter 2006;28(9):65-72.
  • Cierny G, Surgical treatment of Osteomyelitis. Plast Reconstr Surg 2011; 127:190-204.
  • Gristina AG. Biomaterial-centered infection: Microbial adhesion versus tissue integration. Science 1987; 237:1588-95.
  • Öztuna V. Osteomiyelit Patofizyolojisi ve Tedavi Prensipleri. TOTBİD Dergisi. 2005: 4 (1-2); 63-71.
  • Lu Y, Cen Y, Qing Y, Wang H. Surgical treatment of chronic osteomyelitis of the skull. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2011;25(5):558-61.
  • Ghods M, Grabs R, Kersten C, Chatzopoulos PP, Geomelas M. A Modified Free Muscle Transfer Technique to Effectively Treat Chronic and Persistent Calcaneal Osteomyelitis. Ann Plast Surg. 2011. PMID:21659847[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
  • Khan MA, Jose RM, Taylor C, Ahmed W, Prinsloo D. Free Radial Forearm Fasciocutaneous Flap in the Treatment of Distal Third Tibial Osteomyelitis: Towards Form and Function. Ann Plast Surg. 2011. PMID:21629109[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
  • Gotz F: Staphylococcus and biofilms. Mol Microbiol 2002,43(6):1367-78.
  • Parsonnet J. Infections of the skin, muscle and soft tıssue. In:Kasper DL, Fauci AS, editors. Harrison’s Infectious Didease. New York, McGraw-Hill, 2010. P.2437-39.
  • Tice AD, Hoaglund PA, Shoultz DA: Outcome s of osteomyelitis among patients treated with outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy. Am J Med 2003; 114:723-8.
  • Rice DA, Mendez-Vigo L. Daptomycin in bone and joint infections: a review of the literature. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2009; 129:1495– 1504.
  • Fraimow HS.Systemic Antimicrobial Therapy in Osteomyelitis. Semin Plast Surg 2009;23:90–9.
  • Efe Ş, Sınırtaş M, Özakın C. Metisiline Dirençli Staphylococcus Aureus ve Vankomisine Dirençli Enterokok Suşlarının İn Vitro Linezolid Duyarlılığı. Mikrobiyol Bul 2009; 43: 639-43.
  • Till M, Wixson RL, Pertel PE: Linezolid treatment for osteomyelitis due to vancomycinresistant Enterococcus faecium. Clin Infect Dis 2002; 34:1412-14.
  • Falagas ME, Siempos II, Papagelopoulos PJ, Vardakas KZ. Linezolid for the treatment of adults with bone and joint infections. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2007;29:233–9.
  • Kaya S. Toplumdan Kazanılmış Metisiline Dirençli Staphylococcus aureus Enfeksiyonlarının Tedavisi. Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci 2008;28(6):956-61.
  • Bhattacharya M, Parakh A, Narang M. Tigecycline. J Postgrad Med. 2009;55(1):6584.
  • Çalık N, Murat Akova M. Tigesiklin. ANKEM Derg 2007;21(2):29-33.
  • Tabak F. Antimikrobiyallerin genel özellikleri. In:Tabak F,editor. Enfeksiyon hastalıkları. İstanbul Kitabevi, İstanbul, 3. baskı, 2009. p.53-79.
  • Yazgı H, Ertek M, Aktaş O. Çeşitli Klinik Örneklerden İzole Edilen Stafilokok Suşlarının Fusidik Aside Duyarlılıklarının Araştırılması.Turk Mikrobiyol Cem Derg 2003;33:12-5.
  • Uluğ M, Ayaz C, Çelen MK. Stafilokokkal Kronik Osteomiyelit Tedavisinde Fusidik Asidin Yeri. Anatol J Clin Investig 2009:3(4):222-6.
  • Lipsky BA, Berendt AR, Deery HG, et al: Diagnosis and treatment of diabetic foot infections. Clin Infect Dis 2004; 39:885-910)
  • American Thoracic Society, CDC, and Infectious Diseases Society of America. Treatment of tuberculosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003;167:603–62.
  • Topal T, Korkmaz A. Hiperbarik Oksijen Tedavisi. Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci 2008;28:206-16.
  • Ahmed R,Severs MA, Traynelis VC. Role of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the treatment of bacterial spinal osteomyelitis. J Neurosurg Spine 2009;10:16–20.
  • Strauss MB. Refractory osteomyelitis. J Hyperbaric Med 1987;2:147-59.

Tüm Yönleriyle Osteomyelit

Year 2012, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 50 - 63, 01.03.2012

Özgür Günal Umut Tuncel Aykut Ülger

Abstract

Osteomyelit kemiğin enfeksiyonu olarak tanımlanır. Günümüzde tedavi yöntemlerinin çeşitliliğine ve giderek artan etkinliğine rağmen, osteomyelit tedavisi zor bir disiplin olup, tedavide başarı oranları hala tatmin edici değildir. Bu nedenlerle kronik osteomyelitin tedavisi önemli bir sorun olarak karşımızda durmaya devam etmektedir. Tedavinin başarısında osteomiyelit evrelemesinin doğru olarak yapılması, mikrobiyoljik örneklemenin uygunluğu ve uygun antimikrobiyal ve cerrahi tedavinin uygulanması çok önemlidir. Kronik osteomiyelit tedavisinde içinde ortopedi, enfeksiyon hastalıkları, plastik cerrahi ve kalp damar cerrahisi uzmanlarının bulunduğu multidisipliner bir yaklaşım gereklidir. Bu yazıda yetişkinlerde osteomiyelit konusu güncel bilgiler ışığında ele alınmıştır.

Keywords

osteomyelitis diagnosis treatment

References

  • Lew DP, Waldvogel FA. Osteomyelitis. Lancet 2004; 364: 369–79.
  • Evans RP, Nelson CL, Lange TA. Pathophysiology of Osteomyelitis. In: Collister Ewarts, editors. Surgery of the musculoskeletal system, Mc Churchill Livingstone; 1990. p.1935.
  • Luciana Souza Jorge, Alceu Gomes Chueire, Alceu Gomes Chueire, Osteomyelitis: a current challenge. Braz J Infect Dis 2010;14(3):315059.
  • Lazzarini L, Mader JT, Calhoun JH: Osteomyelitis in long bones. J Bone Joint Surg 2004, 86(10):2305-18.
  • Rubin RJ, Harrington CA, Poon A, et al: The economic impact of Staphylococcus aureus infection in New York City hospitals. Emerg Infect Dis 1999; 95:9-17.
  • Ciampolini J, Harding KG. Pathophysiology of chronic bacterial osteomyelitis. Why do antibiotics fail so often? Postgrad Med J. 2000;76:479-83.
  • Mader JT, Shirtliff M, Calhoun JH: Staging and staging application osteomyelitis. Clin Infect Dis 1997; 25:1303-09.
  • Cierny III G, Mader JT, Penninck JJ: A clinical staging system for adult Osteomyelitis. Contemp Orthop 1985;10:17–37.
  • Berbari EF, Steckelberg JM, Osmon DR, Osteomyelitis, In Mandell, Douglas and Bennett's Principles and practice of Infectious Diseases. Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, editors. 7th edition, Churchill Livingstone Elsevier; 2010. p.1457-67.
  • Lew DP, Waldvogel FA: Osteomyelitis. N Engl J Med 1997; 336:999-1007.
  • Marietta Vazquez. Osteomyelitis in children. Current Opinion in Pediatrics 2002, 14:112–15.
  • Harris NH, Kirkaldy-Willis WH. Primary subacute pyogenic osteomyelitis. J Bone Joint Surg 1965;47:526-32.
  • Oto M. Kronik Osteomyelit’te Tanı Ve Medikal - Cerrahi Tedavi Kombinasyonunun Değeri. Pamukkale Tıp Dergisi 2008;1:50-8.
  • Suma R, Vinay C, Shashikanth MC, Subba Reddy VV. Garre's sclerosing osteomyelitis. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2007;25 (Suppl):30-3.
  • Foglat C, Lindsey RW. C-reactive protein in orthopaedics. Orthopedics 1988;21:687-91.
  • Sia IG, Berbari EF. Osteomyelitis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2006;20:1065–81.
  • Haas DW, McAndrew MP. Bacterial osteomyelitis in adults: evolving considerations in diagnosis and treatment. Am JMed 1996;101:550–61.
  • Kothari NA, Pelchovitz DP, Meyer PJ. Imaging of musculoskeletal infections. Radiol Clin North Am 2001; 39: 653–71.
  • Santiago RC, Gimenez CR, McCarthy K. Imaging of osteomyelitis and musculoskeletal soft tissue infections: current concepts. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2003; 29: 89–109.
  • Gross T, Kaim AH, Reggazoni P, Widmer AF. Current concepts in posttraumatic osteomyelitis: a diagnostic challenge with new imaging options. J Trauma 2002; 52: 1210-19.
  • Warner Jr. WC. Osteomyelitis. In: Canale ST, editors, Campbell’s Operative Orthopaedics. St. Louis, Mosby; 1998. p. 563-600.
  • Termaat MF, Raijmakers PG, Scholten HJ, Bakker FC, Patka P, Haarman HJ. The accuracy of diagnostic imaging for the assessment of chronic osteomyelitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2005; 87(11):2464-71.
  • Robiller FC, Stumpe KD, Kossmann T, Weisshaupt D, Bruder E, von Schulthess GK. Chronic osteomyelitis of the femur:value of PET imaging. Eur Radiol 2000;10: 855–58.
  • Pineda C, Espinosa R, Pena A. Radiographic Imaging İn Osteomyelitis: The Role Of Plain Radiography, Computed Tomography, Ultrasonography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, And Scintigraphy. Semin Plast Surg 2009;23:80–89.
  • Özsüt H, Tözün R, Çağatay A, Eraksoy H. Kronik Osteomyelit ve Total Protez İnfeksiyonlarında Yüzeyel Sürüntü Kültürleriyle, Derin Doku veya Aspirat Materyallerinin Mikrobiyolojik Sonuçlarının Karşılaştırılması. Klimik Dergisi 2007:20(3): 71-6.
  • Brady RA, Leid JG, Costerton JW, Shirtliff ME. Osteomyelitis: Clinical overview and mechanisms of infection persistence. Clinical Microbiology Newsletter 2006;28(9):65-72.
  • Cierny G, Surgical treatment of Osteomyelitis. Plast Reconstr Surg 2011; 127:190-204.
  • Gristina AG. Biomaterial-centered infection: Microbial adhesion versus tissue integration. Science 1987; 237:1588-95.
  • Öztuna V. Osteomiyelit Patofizyolojisi ve Tedavi Prensipleri. TOTBİD Dergisi. 2005: 4 (1-2); 63-71.
  • Lu Y, Cen Y, Qing Y, Wang H. Surgical treatment of chronic osteomyelitis of the skull. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2011;25(5):558-61.
  • Ghods M, Grabs R, Kersten C, Chatzopoulos PP, Geomelas M. A Modified Free Muscle Transfer Technique to Effectively Treat Chronic and Persistent Calcaneal Osteomyelitis. Ann Plast Surg. 2011. PMID:21659847[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
  • Khan MA, Jose RM, Taylor C, Ahmed W, Prinsloo D. Free Radial Forearm Fasciocutaneous Flap in the Treatment of Distal Third Tibial Osteomyelitis: Towards Form and Function. Ann Plast Surg. 2011. PMID:21629109[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
  • Gotz F: Staphylococcus and biofilms. Mol Microbiol 2002,43(6):1367-78.
  • Parsonnet J. Infections of the skin, muscle and soft tıssue. In:Kasper DL, Fauci AS, editors. Harrison’s Infectious Didease. New York, McGraw-Hill, 2010. P.2437-39.
  • Tice AD, Hoaglund PA, Shoultz DA: Outcome s of osteomyelitis among patients treated with outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy. Am J Med 2003; 114:723-8.
  • Rice DA, Mendez-Vigo L. Daptomycin in bone and joint infections: a review of the literature. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2009; 129:1495– 1504.
  • Fraimow HS.Systemic Antimicrobial Therapy in Osteomyelitis. Semin Plast Surg 2009;23:90–9.
  • Efe Ş, Sınırtaş M, Özakın C. Metisiline Dirençli Staphylococcus Aureus ve Vankomisine Dirençli Enterokok Suşlarının İn Vitro Linezolid Duyarlılığı. Mikrobiyol Bul 2009; 43: 639-43.
  • Till M, Wixson RL, Pertel PE: Linezolid treatment for osteomyelitis due to vancomycinresistant Enterococcus faecium. Clin Infect Dis 2002; 34:1412-14.
  • Falagas ME, Siempos II, Papagelopoulos PJ, Vardakas KZ. Linezolid for the treatment of adults with bone and joint infections. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2007;29:233–9.
  • Kaya S. Toplumdan Kazanılmış Metisiline Dirençli Staphylococcus aureus Enfeksiyonlarının Tedavisi. Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci 2008;28(6):956-61.
  • Bhattacharya M, Parakh A, Narang M. Tigecycline. J Postgrad Med. 2009;55(1):6584.
  • Çalık N, Murat Akova M. Tigesiklin. ANKEM Derg 2007;21(2):29-33.
  • Tabak F. Antimikrobiyallerin genel özellikleri. In:Tabak F,editor. Enfeksiyon hastalıkları. İstanbul Kitabevi, İstanbul, 3. baskı, 2009. p.53-79.
  • Yazgı H, Ertek M, Aktaş O. Çeşitli Klinik Örneklerden İzole Edilen Stafilokok Suşlarının Fusidik Aside Duyarlılıklarının Araştırılması.Turk Mikrobiyol Cem Derg 2003;33:12-5.
  • Uluğ M, Ayaz C, Çelen MK. Stafilokokkal Kronik Osteomiyelit Tedavisinde Fusidik Asidin Yeri. Anatol J Clin Investig 2009:3(4):222-6.
  • Lipsky BA, Berendt AR, Deery HG, et al: Diagnosis and treatment of diabetic foot infections. Clin Infect Dis 2004; 39:885-910)
  • American Thoracic Society, CDC, and Infectious Diseases Society of America. Treatment of tuberculosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003;167:603–62.
  • Topal T, Korkmaz A. Hiperbarik Oksijen Tedavisi. Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci 2008;28:206-16.
  • Ahmed R,Severs MA, Traynelis VC. Role of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the treatment of bacterial spinal osteomyelitis. J Neurosurg Spine 2009;10:16–20.
  • Strauss MB. Refractory osteomyelitis. J Hyperbaric Med 1987;2:147-59.
There are 51 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Review Article
Authors

Özgür Günal This is me

Umut Tuncel This is me

Aykut Ülger This is me

Publication Date March 1, 2012
Published in Issue Year 2012 Volume: 2 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Günal, Ö., Tuncel, U., & Ülger, A. (2012). Tüm Yönleriyle Osteomyelit. Çağdaş Tıp Dergisi, 2(1), 50-63.
AMA Günal Ö, Tuncel U, Ülger A. Tüm Yönleriyle Osteomyelit. J Contemp Med. March 2012;2(1):50-63.
Chicago Günal, Özgür, Umut Tuncel, and Aykut Ülger. “Tüm Yönleriyle Osteomyelit”. Çağdaş Tıp Dergisi 2, no. 1 (March 2012): 50-63.
EndNote Günal Ö, Tuncel U, Ülger A (March 1, 2012) Tüm Yönleriyle Osteomyelit. Çağdaş Tıp Dergisi 2 1 50–63.
IEEE Ö. Günal, U. Tuncel, and A. Ülger, “Tüm Yönleriyle Osteomyelit”, J Contemp Med, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 50–63, 2012.
ISNAD Günal, Özgür et al. “Tüm Yönleriyle Osteomyelit”. Çağdaş Tıp Dergisi 2/1 (March 2012), 50-63.
JAMA Günal Ö, Tuncel U, Ülger A. Tüm Yönleriyle Osteomyelit. J Contemp Med. 2012;2:50–63.
MLA Günal, Özgür et al. “Tüm Yönleriyle Osteomyelit”. Çağdaş Tıp Dergisi, vol. 2, no. 1, 2012, pp. 50-63.
Vancouver Günal Ö, Tuncel U, Ülger A. Tüm Yönleriyle Osteomyelit. J Contemp Med. 2012;2(1):50-63.