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Ege Bölgesi’nde Satılan Üzüm, Erik ve Kayısı Pestillerinin Aflatoksinler ve Okratoksin A Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi

Year 2017, , 201 - 208, 02.05.2017
https://doi.org/10.13002/jafag4187

Abstract

Çalışmada Ege Bölgesi piyasasından temin edilen 24 farklı pestil örneğinin (10 üzüm, 8 erik, 6 kayısı) aflatoksin B1 (AFB1), B2 (AFB2), G1 (AFG1), G2 (AFG2) ve okratoksin A (OTA) içerikleri floresans dedektörlü yüksek performans sıvı kromatografisi (HPLC-FLD) cihazı kullanılarak tespit edilmiştir. Pestil örneklerinin toplam aflatoksin (AFs), AFB2, AFB1 içeriklerinin sırasıyla, 0.20-5.83, 0.20-1.88 ve 0.48-4.96 µg kg-1 aralığında değiştiği belirlenmiştir. AFG1 2.75 µg kg-1 olarak sadece 1 örnekte saptanırken, AFG2 ise hiçbir örnekte saptanamamıştır. Ayrıca, örneklerde 0.12-0.84 µg kg-1 arasında değişen miktarlarda OTA tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, tüm pestil örneklerinin mikotoksin içeriklerinin Türk Gıda Kodeksinde belirtilen yasal sınırların altında kaldığı görülmüştür.

References

  • AOAC (2000). Aflatoxin B1 and total aflatoxins in peanut butter, pistachio paste, fig paste, and paprika powder - immunoaffinity column LC with post-column derivatization. AOAC Official Method 999.07.
  • AOAC (2002). Ochratoxin A in Barley. AOAC Official Method 2000.03.
  • Azaiez I, Font G, Mañes J and Fernández-Franzón M (2015). Survey of mycotoxins in dates and dried fruits from Tunisian and Spanish markets. Food Control, 51: 340–346.
  • Bircan C (2009). Incidence of ochratoxin A in dried fruits and co-occurrence with aflatoxins in dried figs. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 47: 1996–2001.
  • British Standard. 2000. Capability of detection – part 2: Methodology in the linear calibration case. London: ISO 11843-2.
  • Cagindi O and Otles S (2005). Comparison of some properties on the different types of pestil: A traditional product in Turkey. International Journal of Food and Technology, 40: 897-901. Ekşi A ve Artık N (1984). Pestil İşleme Tekniği ve Kimyasal Bileşimi. Gıda, 9: 263-266.
  • Erdoğan A, Gürses M ve Sert S (2003). Erzurum'da satışa sunulan köme (cevizli pestil sucuğu) ve kuru incirlerin aflatoksin içeriklerinin saptanması. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 34(1): 85-88.
  • Farkhondeh Hal A (2014). Erzurum’da açıkta satılan bazı kurutulmuş meyveler üzerinde gelişen aflatoksin üretici mikrofungusların araştırılması. Atatürk Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Erzurum, 53 s.
  • Golge O, Hepsag F and Kabak B (2016). Determination of aflatoxins in walnut sujuk and Turkish delight by HPLC-FLD method. Food Control, 59: 731-736.
  • Gürses M (2006). Mycoflora and Aflatoxin Content of Hazelnuts, Walnuts, Peanuts, Almonds and Roasted Chickpeas (LEBLEBI) Sold in Turkey. International Journal of Food Properties, 9: 395-399.
  • Hepsag F, Golge O and Kabak, B (2014). Quantitation of aflatoxins in pistachios and groundnuts using HPLC- FLD method. Food Control, 38: 75-81.
  • Hussein H and Brasel J (2001). Toxicity, metabolism and impact of mycotoxins on human and animals. Toxicology, 167: 101–134.
  • Juan C, Zinedine A, Molto JC, Idrissi L and Manes J (2008). Aflatoxins levels in dried fruits and nuts from Rabat-Sale area, Morocco. Food Control, 19: 849-853.
  • Mac Donald S, Wilson P, Barnes K, Damant A, Massey R, Mortby E and Shepherd MJ (1999). Ochratoxin A in dried vine fruit: method development and survey. Food Additives & Contaminants, 16: 253-260.
  • Maragos CM, Busman M, Ma L and Bobell J (2015). Quantification of patulin in fruit leathers by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array (UPLC-PDA). Food Additives & Contaminants Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess, 32(7):1164-74.
  • Marin S, Ramos AJ, Cano-Sancho G and Sanchis V (2013). Mycotoxins: occurrence, toxicology, and exposure assessment. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 60: 218–237.
  • Masood M, Iqbal SZ, Asi MR and Malik N (2015). Natural occurrence of aflatoxins in dry fruits and edible nuts. Food Control, 55: 62–65.
  • Palumbo JD, O’Keeffe TL, Ho YS and Santillan CJ (2015). Occurrence of Ochratoxin A contamination and detection of ochratoxigenic aspergillus species in retail samples of dried fruits and nuts. Journal of Food Protection, 78: 836–842.
  • Reazai M, Sayadi M, Akbarpour B and Mohammadpourfard, I (2014). Safety of dried fruits marketed in Tehran as assessed by aflatoxins contamination. International Journal of Food Nutrition and Safety, 5: 24–30.
  • Sert S (1983). Gıda ve yem maddelerinde aflatoksinler, Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi, Ziraat Dergisi, 4: 3-4.
  • Tiryaki O, Seçer E ve Temur C (2011). Yemlerde mikotoksin oluşumu, toksisiteleri ve mikotoksin kalıntı analizleri. Anadolu, Journal of Aegean Agricultural Research Institute, 21(1): 44-58.
  • Whitlow, LW, Hagler JR, WM, Diaz, DE (2010). Mycotoxins in feeds, Feedstuffs, 74: 74-84.
Year 2017, , 201 - 208, 02.05.2017
https://doi.org/10.13002/jafag4187

Abstract

References

  • AOAC (2000). Aflatoxin B1 and total aflatoxins in peanut butter, pistachio paste, fig paste, and paprika powder - immunoaffinity column LC with post-column derivatization. AOAC Official Method 999.07.
  • AOAC (2002). Ochratoxin A in Barley. AOAC Official Method 2000.03.
  • Azaiez I, Font G, Mañes J and Fernández-Franzón M (2015). Survey of mycotoxins in dates and dried fruits from Tunisian and Spanish markets. Food Control, 51: 340–346.
  • Bircan C (2009). Incidence of ochratoxin A in dried fruits and co-occurrence with aflatoxins in dried figs. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 47: 1996–2001.
  • British Standard. 2000. Capability of detection – part 2: Methodology in the linear calibration case. London: ISO 11843-2.
  • Cagindi O and Otles S (2005). Comparison of some properties on the different types of pestil: A traditional product in Turkey. International Journal of Food and Technology, 40: 897-901. Ekşi A ve Artık N (1984). Pestil İşleme Tekniği ve Kimyasal Bileşimi. Gıda, 9: 263-266.
  • Erdoğan A, Gürses M ve Sert S (2003). Erzurum'da satışa sunulan köme (cevizli pestil sucuğu) ve kuru incirlerin aflatoksin içeriklerinin saptanması. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 34(1): 85-88.
  • Farkhondeh Hal A (2014). Erzurum’da açıkta satılan bazı kurutulmuş meyveler üzerinde gelişen aflatoksin üretici mikrofungusların araştırılması. Atatürk Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Erzurum, 53 s.
  • Golge O, Hepsag F and Kabak B (2016). Determination of aflatoxins in walnut sujuk and Turkish delight by HPLC-FLD method. Food Control, 59: 731-736.
  • Gürses M (2006). Mycoflora and Aflatoxin Content of Hazelnuts, Walnuts, Peanuts, Almonds and Roasted Chickpeas (LEBLEBI) Sold in Turkey. International Journal of Food Properties, 9: 395-399.
  • Hepsag F, Golge O and Kabak, B (2014). Quantitation of aflatoxins in pistachios and groundnuts using HPLC- FLD method. Food Control, 38: 75-81.
  • Hussein H and Brasel J (2001). Toxicity, metabolism and impact of mycotoxins on human and animals. Toxicology, 167: 101–134.
  • Juan C, Zinedine A, Molto JC, Idrissi L and Manes J (2008). Aflatoxins levels in dried fruits and nuts from Rabat-Sale area, Morocco. Food Control, 19: 849-853.
  • Mac Donald S, Wilson P, Barnes K, Damant A, Massey R, Mortby E and Shepherd MJ (1999). Ochratoxin A in dried vine fruit: method development and survey. Food Additives & Contaminants, 16: 253-260.
  • Maragos CM, Busman M, Ma L and Bobell J (2015). Quantification of patulin in fruit leathers by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array (UPLC-PDA). Food Additives & Contaminants Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess, 32(7):1164-74.
  • Marin S, Ramos AJ, Cano-Sancho G and Sanchis V (2013). Mycotoxins: occurrence, toxicology, and exposure assessment. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 60: 218–237.
  • Masood M, Iqbal SZ, Asi MR and Malik N (2015). Natural occurrence of aflatoxins in dry fruits and edible nuts. Food Control, 55: 62–65.
  • Palumbo JD, O’Keeffe TL, Ho YS and Santillan CJ (2015). Occurrence of Ochratoxin A contamination and detection of ochratoxigenic aspergillus species in retail samples of dried fruits and nuts. Journal of Food Protection, 78: 836–842.
  • Reazai M, Sayadi M, Akbarpour B and Mohammadpourfard, I (2014). Safety of dried fruits marketed in Tehran as assessed by aflatoxins contamination. International Journal of Food Nutrition and Safety, 5: 24–30.
  • Sert S (1983). Gıda ve yem maddelerinde aflatoksinler, Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi, Ziraat Dergisi, 4: 3-4.
  • Tiryaki O, Seçer E ve Temur C (2011). Yemlerde mikotoksin oluşumu, toksisiteleri ve mikotoksin kalıntı analizleri. Anadolu, Journal of Aegean Agricultural Research Institute, 21(1): 44-58.
  • Whitlow, LW, Hagler JR, WM, Diaz, DE (2010). Mycotoxins in feeds, Feedstuffs, 74: 74-84.
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Özlem Çağındı This is me

Aslı Talay This is me

Publication Date May 2, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017

Cite

APA Çağındı, Ö., & Talay, A. (2017). Ege Bölgesi’nde Satılan Üzüm, Erik ve Kayısı Pestillerinin Aflatoksinler ve Okratoksin A Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Gaziosmanpaşa University (JAFAG), 34(1), 201-208. https://doi.org/10.13002/jafag4187