Changes in the Physicochemical Properties Caused by Irrigation at the Pre-Harvest Cluster Drop Period in 'Tombul' Hazelnut Cultivar

Year 2022, , 46 - 56, 30.04.2022

Yaşar Akçın Saim Zeki Bostan

https://doi.org/10.55507/gopzfd.1116160

Abstract

This research was carried out to evaluate the changes of physicochemical contents during storage of 'Tombul' hazelnut cultivar irrigated at the pre-harvest cluster drop period, which is critical for cluster drops, in a conventional rain-fed 'Tombul' hazelnut orchard in Giresun province (Turkey) in 2015 and 2016. The experiment was designed as randomized plots with 3 replications. The plants (multi-stemmed bush) were irrigated with drip irrigation on 16 July (46.08 mm/60 cm), 26 July (44.68 mm/60 cm), 30 July (43.68 mm/60 cm) and 06 August (44.08 mm/60 cm). The dried in-shell hazelnuts were grouped as irrigated and unirrigated (control) samples. 12 kg of in-shell hazelnuts were used in each replication. The hazelnuts were stored in mesh bags under laboratory conditions (20-22 ºC and 70-80% relative humidity) for 12 months. The results showed that moisture, ash, oil, and palmitic acid values were significantly affected by the irrigation application. The lowest moisture and ash values, and the highest oil and palmitic acid values were obtained from the samples of irrigated plants. On the other hand, the changes in protein, rancidity, peroxide and vitamin E, and other fatty acids, except for the palmitic acid, were not significant. In conclusion, it can be said that supplementary irrigation in the pre-harvest period has a significant effect on some physicochemical changes during storage in hazelnuts. According to these results, supplementary irrigation can be recommended for hazelnut storage quality in case of insufficient precipitation during the last cluster drop period.

Keywords

Corylus avellana, Cluster drop, Irrigation, Physicochemical, Storage

Tombul’ Fındık Çeşidinde Hasat Önü Çotanak Döküm Periyodundaki Sulamanın Depolama Süresince Meydana Getirdiği Fizikokimyasal Değişimler

Abstract

Bu araştırma, Giresun ilinde geleneksel olarak yağmurla beslenen 'Tombul' fındık çeşidi ile tesis edilmiş bir bahçede, çotanak dökümleri için kritik olan son döküm döneminde uygulanan damla sulamanın depolanma sırasında fizikokimyasal içeriklerindeki değişimlerin belirlenmesi amacıyla 2015 ve 2016 yıllarında yürütülmüştür. Deneme tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak tasarlanmıştır. Ocaklardaki bitkiler (çok gövdeli çalı) 16 Temmuz (46.08 mm/60 cm), 26 Temmuz (44.68 mm/60 cm), 30 Temmuz (43.68 mm/60 cm) ve 06 Ağustos (44.08 mm/60 cm) tarihlerinde damla sulama ile sulanmıştır. Kurutulmuş kabuklu fındıklar sulu ve susuz olarak gruplandırılmıştır. Her tekerrürde 12 kg kabuklu fındık kullanılmıştır. Fındıklar, 12 ay boyunca laboratuvar koşullarında (20-22 ºC ve %70-80 bağıl nem) file çuvallarda muhafaza edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, nem, kül, yağ ve palmitik asit değerlerinin ilave sulama uygulamasından önemli ölçüde etkilendiğini göstermiştir. En düşük nem ve kül değerleri ile en yüksek yağ ve palmitik asit değerleri sulanan bitki örneklerinden elde edilmiştir. Öte yandan, protein, ransidite, peroksit ve E vitamini ile palmitik asit dışındaki diğer yağ asitlerindeki değişimler önemli bulunmamıştır. Sonuç olarak, fındıkta depolama sırasında bazı fizikokimyasal değişiklikler üzerinde hasat öncesi dönemde ilave sulamanın önemli bir etkiye sahip olduğu söylenebilir. Bu sonuçlara göre, son çotanak döküm döneminde yetersiz yağış olması durumunda fındıkta depolama kalitesi için ilave sulama önerilebilir.

Keywords

Corylus avellana, Çotanak dökümü, Sulama, Fizikokimyasal, Depolama

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