Selection of Pear Gene Resources in Muş Region

Year 2023, , 141 - 154, 03.01.2024

Semih Aykut , Adnan Doğan

https://doi.org/10.55507/gopzfd.1398587

Abstract

This study was carried out in Muş province and its districts between 2020-2022. In the study, phenological, pomological and chemical properties of local pear cultivars grown in Muş ecological conditions were obtained. In the region where 42 different local pear varieties determined as a result of the studies were grown, the superior local varieties within the scope of the study were determined by using the "Weighed Rating" method. In order to compare these local varieties with each other, 24 local pear cultivars were selected with superior characteristics in terms of fruit weight, eating quality, external appearance, rustiness, water-soluble dry matter content and fruit flesh hardness as a result of the weighted grading made in 2020. These 24 selected varieties were compared according to the weighted grading results in 2021 and finally 13 local pear varieties were determined as promising. Among the promising local pear cultivars, Güz Armudu-1, Paşa Armudu-2 and Sulu Armut cultivars received the highest scores, respectively. It is aimed to increase the quality of the promising local pear varieties, thus to protect genetic resources and to reveal genotypes that may be candidates for registration.

Keywords

Muş, Pear, Phenology, Pomology, Variety

Project Number

FDK-2021-9587

Muş Yöresi Armut Gen Kaynaklarının Seleksiyonu

Abstract

Bu çalışma 2020-2022 yılları arasında Muş ili ve ilçelerinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada Muş ekolojik koşullarında yetiştirilen mahalli armut çeşitlerinin fenolojik, pomolojik ve kimyasal özellikleri incelenmiştir. Çalışmalar sonucunda belirlenen 42 farklı mahalli armut çeşidinin yetiştirildiği bölgede, çalışma kapsamındaki ümitvar mahalli çeşitler "Ağırlıklı Derecelendirme" yöntemi kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Belirlenen çeşitlerin birbirleriyle karşılaştırılması amacıyla 2020 yılında yapılan tartılı derecelendirme sonucunda meyve ağırlığı, yeme kalitesi, dış görünüş, paslılık durumu, suda çözünebilir kuru madde miktarı ve meyve eti sertliği bakımından 24 mahalli armut çeşidi üstün özellikli seçilmiştir. Seçilen bu çeşitlerde 2021 yılında yapılan tartılı derecelendirme sonuçlarına göre 13 mahalli armut çeşidi ümitvar olarak belirlenmiştir. Ümitvar olan mahalli armut çeşitleri içerisinde en yüksek puanı sırasıyla Güz Armudu-1, Paşa Armudu-2 ve Sulu Armut çeşitleri almıştır. Ümitvar mahalli armut çeşitlerinin kalitesinin artırılması, böylece genetik kaynakların korunması ve tescile aday olabilecek genotiplerin ortaya çıkarılması amaçlanmıştır.

Keywords

Muş, armut, fenoloji, pomoloji, çeşit

Supporting Institution

YYÜ Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Başkanlığı

Project Number

FDK-2021-9587

Thanks

Y.Y.Ü. Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Başkanlığı'na teşekkür ederiz.

References

• Acar, S. (2007). Morphological and pomological characteristics of local apple and pear cultivars grown in and around Ünye. (Master Thesis). Ordu University Institute Of Natural And Applied Sciences, Ordu.
• Anonymous, (2022). https://www.mgm.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/il-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx?m=MUS. General Directorate of Meteorology, meteorological data information presentation and sales system, Ankara. Access date: 05.01.2023.
• Bayındır, Y., Çöçen, E., Macit, E., Gültekin, N., Toprak-Özcan, E., Aslan, A., Aslantaş, R. (2018). Selection of local autumn pear genotypes in Malatya region. Academic Journal of Agriculture, doi:10.29278/azd.440098.
• Büyükyılmaz, M., & Bulagay, A.N. (1983). Promising pear varieties for the Marmara Region. II. Garden 12(2):5-14.
• Büyükyılmaz, M., Bulagay, A.N., & Burak, M. (1992). Clone selection in maple pears grown in the Eastern Marmara Region. Garden, 21(1-2), 61-68.
• Büyükyılmaz, M., Bulagay, A.N., & Burak, M. (1994). Promising Pear Varieties for Marmara Region -III. Garden 23(1-2): 79-92.
• Cevahir, G.i Bostan, S.Z. (2017). Local pears of Of (Trabzon) district: Early and mid season varieties. Fruit Science, 4 (2), 19-25.
• Çelikel-Çubukçu, G., & Bostan, S.Z. (2015). Investigation of Breeding by Selection and Resistance to Fire Blight of Local Pear (pyrus spp) Genotypes Cultivated in Çaykara District (Ph.D. Thesis). Ordu University Institute Of Natural And Applied Sciences, Department of Horticulture, Ordu. 244p.
• Çelikel-Çubukçu, G., & Bostan, S.Z. (2018). Breeding by Selection of Local Pear (Pyrus spp.) Genotypes Cultivated in Çaykara District: I-Fruit Characteristics. Gaziosmanpaşa University Journal of Faculty of Agriculture, 35(4), 75- 88. https://doi.org/10.13002/jafag4511
• Ercişli, S., 2004. A short review of the fruit germplasm resources of Turkey. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 51: 419–435.
• Fischer, M. (2009). Pear Breeding: Breeding Plantation Tree Crops (Temperate Species), Ed.: Jain, SM., Priyadarshan, P.M., Springer+Business Media, New York, USA, 135-161.
• IPGRI, (1983). Descriptor list for pear (Pyrus) http://www.ipgri.cgiar.org/system/page.asp? theme = 1
• Karadeniz, T., & Çorumlu, M. S. (2012). İskilip pears. Academic Journal of Agriculture, 1 (2): 61-66.
• Kaya, T. (2008). Phenological, Morphological, Pomological and Molecular Identification of Apple Genetic Resources in Van Merkez, Edremit and Gevaş Districts (Ph.D. Thesis). Yüzüncü Yıl University, Institute Of Natural And Applied Sciences, Van.
• Michelson, L.F., Lachman, W.H., & Allen, D.D. (1958). The Use of the “Weighted-Rankit” Method in Variety Trials. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 71:334-338.
• Oturmak, İ., Özrenk, K., & Çavuşoğlu, Ş. (2017). Determination of some local pear (Pyrus communis L.) gene sources in Diyarbakır (Silvan, Kulp, Hazro) region. International Journal of Agriculture and Wildlife Sciences, 3 (2): 61-67. https://doi.org/10.24180/ijaws.353966
• Öz, M.H., & Aslantaş, R. (2015). Morphological Characterization of Pear Genotypes in the Eastern Anatolia Region. Journal of Atatürk University Faculty of Agriculture, 46 (2): 93-106.
• Özbek, S. (1978). Special Fruiting (Fruit Types That Drop Their Leaves In Winter).Çukurova University, Faculty of Agriculture, Publication Number: 128, Lecture Book: 11, Adana. 486p.
• Özçağıran, R., Ünal, A., Özeker, E., & İsfendiyaroğlu, M. (2004). 'Temperate climate fruit species', Soft Seed Fruits, 2: 200.
• Öztürk, A. (2010). Morphological, Pomological and Molecular Characterization of Pear Genotypes in Sinop Province (Ph.D. Thesis). Ondokuz Mayıs University, Institute Of Natural And Applied Sciences, Samsun.
• Polat, M., & Bağbozan, R. (2014). Determination of some fruit characteristics of early native pear (Pyrus communis L.) types grown in Eğirdir (Isparta) ecology. Süleyman Demirel University, Journal of the Institute Of Natural And Applied Sciences, 21 (1): 9-12.
• Terkoğlu, E. (2021). Identification of Local Varieties Belonging To Some Soft And Stone Seed Fruit Species Grown in Yüksekova (Hakkari) Ecological Conditions (Master Thesis). Yüzüncü Yıl University, Institute Of Natural And Applied Sciences, Van.
• TSI, (2022). https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=92&locale=tr. Access date 15.02.2023.
• UPOV, (2000). International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants: Guidelines for the Conduct of Tests for Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability (PEAR; Pyrus communis L.) http://www.upov.int/en/publications/tg-rom/tg015/tg_15_3.pdf. Access date: 09.02.2020.
• Yamamoto, T., & Chevreau, E. (2009). Pear Genomics. In Genetics and Genomics of Rosaceae (Plant Genetics and Genomics: Crops and Models) (Eds: K.M. Folta, S.E. Gardiner), p:163-186.
• Yarılgaç, T., & Yıldız, K. (2001). Some pomological characteristics of local pear cultivars grown in Adilcevaz district. Yüzüncü Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 11 (2): 9-12.
• Yavuz, M., & Pırlak, L. (2018). Phenological and pomological characteristics of some asian pear cultivars in Ereğli-Konya, Selçuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences. 32 (3): 449-453. https://doi.org/10.15316/SJAFS.2018.121
• Yılmaz, A. (2020). Local Winter Pear Varieties of Fatsa (Ordu) (Master Thesis). Ordu University, Institute Of Natural And Applied Sciences, Ordu.