Research Article
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Research on Suitability of Crushed Andesite-Basalt Rock Aggregates in Ardahan Province for Concrete Production

Year 2016, Volume: 33 Issue: 2, 115 - 124, 26.09.2016
https://doi.org/10.13002/jafag1052

Abstract

In this study, suitability of aggregates, obtained from an aggregate quarry of Balıkçılar village meeting significant portion of crushed stone aggregate demand of construction sector and used in constructions in central town of Ardahan province, for concrete production and concrete compressive strength were investigated. Samples taken from the selected quarry were subjected to physico-mechanical analyses to determine their compliance with the relevant standards on sufficiency, physical, mechanical characteristics, chemical and mineralogical properties. Then, concrete was produced from these aggregates in a laboratory and strength tests were conducted on concrete specimens. Cement dosage was taken as 270 kg/dm3 for C20/25, 300 kg/dm3 for C25/30 and 360 kg/dm3 for C30/37. Results revealed that majority of the values were within the limit values specified in relevant standards. Although the amount of fine materials and alkali-silica reaction were close to limit values, concrete tests did not reveal any negative effects and concrete strength values were found to be above the limits specified in relevant standards. Thus, aggregates should be used through taking relevant measures. It was concluded that aggregates should be washed through and separated in different granulometric portions to produce quality and strong concrete. Further research is recommended for mineral admixtures to control alkali-silica reaction.

References

  • Akman, S., 1990. Yapı Malzemeleri. İTÜ. İnsaat Fakültesi Ders Notları, No: l408, 162 s. İstanbul (in Turkish).
  • Anonymous, 1994. Standard Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of Aggregates, (Mortar Bar Method). ASTM C-1260-94, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Concrete and Mineral Aggregates, American Society for Testing and Materials, PA, 4 (2), 650-653, Philadelphia, USA.
  • Anonymous, 1994. ASTM C88, Standart Test Method for Soundness of Agregates by Use of Sodium Sulfateor magnesium Sulfate. Annual Book of ASTM Standarts.
  • Anonymous, 2000. Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Glass Sand ASTM C146-94a, Volume 15.02.
  • Anonymous, 2015. Adoçim Tokat Cement Factory. Tokat.
  • Baradan, B., 1996. Yapı Malzemesi II. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Yayınları, No:207. 4. Baskı, s.42-195, İzmir (in Turkish).
  • Batmaz, A., 2006. The investigation of the feasibility of the use of aggregates obtained from the streams in Rize and the nearby areas in the manufacturing of concrete, (Masters Thesis), Firat University, Institute of Sciences and Technology, Department of Construction Sciences., 85 p. Elazığ.
  • Ekmekyapar T. ve İ. Örüng, 2001. İnşaat Malzeme Bilgisi. Atatürk Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, Yayın No:145, 234 s., Erzurum (in Turkish).
  • Erdoğan, T.Y., 1995. Betonu Oluşturan Malzemeler; AGREGA. Türkiye Hazır Beton Birligi Yayını, 110 s., İstanbul (in Turkish).
  • Kocataşkın, F., 1975. Yapı Malzemesi Bilimi. Birsen Kitapevi, 132 s. İstanbul (in Turkish).
  • Lachance, G.R., Traill, R.J., 1966. Practical Solution to The Matrix Problem in X-ray Analysis, Canadian Spectroscopy 11, 43-48.
  • Murdock, L.J., Brook, K.M., Dewer, J.D.,1991. Concrete, Materials and Practice. Sixth Edition, Edward Arnold, London, 27.
  • Postacıoglu, B., 1987. Beton-Bağlayıcı Maddeler, Agregalar. Beton, Cilt 2, Teknik Kitaplar Yayınevi, 404 s, İstanbul (in Turkish).
  • Şenbil, U.E., Bağdatlı, Ö., Köseoğlu, K., Çakır, Ö.A., 2014. Characterization of crushed sands has different methylene blue value and effects on concrete performance. Engineer and Machinery, 55 (649),74-80.
  • TS 10088 EN932-3, 1997. Tests for general properties of aggregates-Part 3: Procedure and terminology for simplified petrographic description. Turkish Standards Institution, 12 p., Ankara.
  • TS 3530 EN 933-1, 1999. Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates-Part 1: Determination of particle size distribution-Sieving method. Turkish Standards Institution, 11 p., Ankara.
  • TS 706 EN 12620+A1, 2009. Aggregates for concrete. Turkish Standards Institution, 50 p., Ankara.
  • TS 802, 2009. Design Concrete Mixes. Turkish Standards Institution,18 p. Ankara.
  • TS 3323, 2012. Concrete-Making, accelerated curing and testing concrete compression test specimens. Turkish Standards Institution, 16 p., Ankara.
  • TS 13516, 2012. Standard test method for potential alkali reactivity of aggregates (mortar bar Method). Turkish Standards Institution, 8 p., Ankara.
  • TS EN 932-1, 1997. Test For General Properties of Aggregates part 1 methods for sampling. Turkish Standards Institution, 23p., Ankara.
  • TS EN 932-2, 1999. Tests for general properties of aggeragates Part 2: Methods for reducing laboratory samples., Turkish Standards Institution, 20 p., Ankara.
  • TS EN 1097-3, 1999. Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates- Part 3: Determination of loose bulk density and voids. Turkish Standards Institution, 20 p., Ankara.
  • TS EN 1008, 2003. Mixing water for concrete - Specifications for sampling, testing and assessing the suitability of water, including water recovered from processes in the concrete industry, as mixing water for concrete. Turkish Standards Institution, 18 p., Ankara.
  • TS EN 1367-1, 2008. Tests for thermal and weathering properties of aggregates-Part 1: Determination of resistance to freezing and thawing. Turkish Standards Institution, 14 p. Ankara.
  • TS EN 933-10, 2010. Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 10: Assessment of fines-Grading of filler aggregates (air jet sieving). Turkish Standards Institution, 12 p., Ankara.
  • TS EN 933-1, 2012. Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 1: Determination of particle size distribution-Sieving method. Turkish Standards Institution, 18 p., Ankara.
  • TS EN 12390-3/AC, 2012. Testing hardened concrete-Part-3: Compressive strenght of tests specimens Turkish Standards Institution, 2 p., Ankara.
  • TS EN 1744-1:2009+1, 2013. Tests for chemical properties of aggregates-Part 1: Chemical analysis. Turkish Standards Institution, 64 p., Ankara.
  • TS EN 1097-6, 2013. Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates - Part 6: Determination of particle density and water absorption. Turkish Standards Institution, 43 p. Ankara.
  • TS EN 196-2, 2014. Method of testing cement-Part 2: Chemical analysis of cement, Turkish Standards Institution, 67 p., Ankara.
  • TS EN 933-9+A1, 2014. Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates-Part 9: Assessment of fines-Methylene blue test. Turkish Standards Institution, 16 p., Ankara.
  • TS EN 1097-2, 2015. Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates - Part 2:Methods for the determination of resistance to fragmentation. Turkish Standards Institution, 31 p., Ankara.
  • TS EN 933-8:2012+A1, 2015. Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 8: Assessment of fines-Sand equivalent test. Turkish Standards Institution, 21 p., Ankara.
  • TS ISO 3310-1, 2009. Test Sieves-Technical requirements and testing- Part 1: Test sieves of metal wire cloth. Turkish Standards Institution, 19 p., Ankara.
  • TS ISO 3310-2, 2015. Test sieves-Technical requirements and testing - Part 2: Test sieves of perforated metal plate. Turkish Standards Institution, 18 p., Ankara.
  • Tutmaz, Ş.İ., 2009. Possible utilization of natural aggregate resources in Central town of Tokat as concrete aggregate. (Masters Thesis), Gaziosmanpasa University, Department of Farm Structures and Irrigation, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science. 86 p. Tokat.
  • Uluata, A.R., 1981. Beton Malzemeleri ve Beton. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi (Ders Notu) s.25-74., Erzurum (in Turkish).
  • Yıldırım, M. ve Yılmaz, I., 2002. Investigation of the usefullness of the yıldız ırmak sediments as the cement aggregates. Bulletin of Faculty of Engineering of Cumhuriyet University, Serie A-Earth Sciences, 19 (2), p. 181-192, Sivas (in Turkish).
Year 2016, Volume: 33 Issue: 2, 115 - 124, 26.09.2016
https://doi.org/10.13002/jafag1052

Abstract

References

  • Akman, S., 1990. Yapı Malzemeleri. İTÜ. İnsaat Fakültesi Ders Notları, No: l408, 162 s. İstanbul (in Turkish).
  • Anonymous, 1994. Standard Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of Aggregates, (Mortar Bar Method). ASTM C-1260-94, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Concrete and Mineral Aggregates, American Society for Testing and Materials, PA, 4 (2), 650-653, Philadelphia, USA.
  • Anonymous, 1994. ASTM C88, Standart Test Method for Soundness of Agregates by Use of Sodium Sulfateor magnesium Sulfate. Annual Book of ASTM Standarts.
  • Anonymous, 2000. Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Glass Sand ASTM C146-94a, Volume 15.02.
  • Anonymous, 2015. Adoçim Tokat Cement Factory. Tokat.
  • Baradan, B., 1996. Yapı Malzemesi II. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Yayınları, No:207. 4. Baskı, s.42-195, İzmir (in Turkish).
  • Batmaz, A., 2006. The investigation of the feasibility of the use of aggregates obtained from the streams in Rize and the nearby areas in the manufacturing of concrete, (Masters Thesis), Firat University, Institute of Sciences and Technology, Department of Construction Sciences., 85 p. Elazığ.
  • Ekmekyapar T. ve İ. Örüng, 2001. İnşaat Malzeme Bilgisi. Atatürk Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, Yayın No:145, 234 s., Erzurum (in Turkish).
  • Erdoğan, T.Y., 1995. Betonu Oluşturan Malzemeler; AGREGA. Türkiye Hazır Beton Birligi Yayını, 110 s., İstanbul (in Turkish).
  • Kocataşkın, F., 1975. Yapı Malzemesi Bilimi. Birsen Kitapevi, 132 s. İstanbul (in Turkish).
  • Lachance, G.R., Traill, R.J., 1966. Practical Solution to The Matrix Problem in X-ray Analysis, Canadian Spectroscopy 11, 43-48.
  • Murdock, L.J., Brook, K.M., Dewer, J.D.,1991. Concrete, Materials and Practice. Sixth Edition, Edward Arnold, London, 27.
  • Postacıoglu, B., 1987. Beton-Bağlayıcı Maddeler, Agregalar. Beton, Cilt 2, Teknik Kitaplar Yayınevi, 404 s, İstanbul (in Turkish).
  • Şenbil, U.E., Bağdatlı, Ö., Köseoğlu, K., Çakır, Ö.A., 2014. Characterization of crushed sands has different methylene blue value and effects on concrete performance. Engineer and Machinery, 55 (649),74-80.
  • TS 10088 EN932-3, 1997. Tests for general properties of aggregates-Part 3: Procedure and terminology for simplified petrographic description. Turkish Standards Institution, 12 p., Ankara.
  • TS 3530 EN 933-1, 1999. Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates-Part 1: Determination of particle size distribution-Sieving method. Turkish Standards Institution, 11 p., Ankara.
  • TS 706 EN 12620+A1, 2009. Aggregates for concrete. Turkish Standards Institution, 50 p., Ankara.
  • TS 802, 2009. Design Concrete Mixes. Turkish Standards Institution,18 p. Ankara.
  • TS 3323, 2012. Concrete-Making, accelerated curing and testing concrete compression test specimens. Turkish Standards Institution, 16 p., Ankara.
  • TS 13516, 2012. Standard test method for potential alkali reactivity of aggregates (mortar bar Method). Turkish Standards Institution, 8 p., Ankara.
  • TS EN 932-1, 1997. Test For General Properties of Aggregates part 1 methods for sampling. Turkish Standards Institution, 23p., Ankara.
  • TS EN 932-2, 1999. Tests for general properties of aggeragates Part 2: Methods for reducing laboratory samples., Turkish Standards Institution, 20 p., Ankara.
  • TS EN 1097-3, 1999. Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates- Part 3: Determination of loose bulk density and voids. Turkish Standards Institution, 20 p., Ankara.
  • TS EN 1008, 2003. Mixing water for concrete - Specifications for sampling, testing and assessing the suitability of water, including water recovered from processes in the concrete industry, as mixing water for concrete. Turkish Standards Institution, 18 p., Ankara.
  • TS EN 1367-1, 2008. Tests for thermal and weathering properties of aggregates-Part 1: Determination of resistance to freezing and thawing. Turkish Standards Institution, 14 p. Ankara.
  • TS EN 933-10, 2010. Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 10: Assessment of fines-Grading of filler aggregates (air jet sieving). Turkish Standards Institution, 12 p., Ankara.
  • TS EN 933-1, 2012. Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 1: Determination of particle size distribution-Sieving method. Turkish Standards Institution, 18 p., Ankara.
  • TS EN 12390-3/AC, 2012. Testing hardened concrete-Part-3: Compressive strenght of tests specimens Turkish Standards Institution, 2 p., Ankara.
  • TS EN 1744-1:2009+1, 2013. Tests for chemical properties of aggregates-Part 1: Chemical analysis. Turkish Standards Institution, 64 p., Ankara.
  • TS EN 1097-6, 2013. Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates - Part 6: Determination of particle density and water absorption. Turkish Standards Institution, 43 p. Ankara.
  • TS EN 196-2, 2014. Method of testing cement-Part 2: Chemical analysis of cement, Turkish Standards Institution, 67 p., Ankara.
  • TS EN 933-9+A1, 2014. Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates-Part 9: Assessment of fines-Methylene blue test. Turkish Standards Institution, 16 p., Ankara.
  • TS EN 1097-2, 2015. Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates - Part 2:Methods for the determination of resistance to fragmentation. Turkish Standards Institution, 31 p., Ankara.
  • TS EN 933-8:2012+A1, 2015. Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 8: Assessment of fines-Sand equivalent test. Turkish Standards Institution, 21 p., Ankara.
  • TS ISO 3310-1, 2009. Test Sieves-Technical requirements and testing- Part 1: Test sieves of metal wire cloth. Turkish Standards Institution, 19 p., Ankara.
  • TS ISO 3310-2, 2015. Test sieves-Technical requirements and testing - Part 2: Test sieves of perforated metal plate. Turkish Standards Institution, 18 p., Ankara.
  • Tutmaz, Ş.İ., 2009. Possible utilization of natural aggregate resources in Central town of Tokat as concrete aggregate. (Masters Thesis), Gaziosmanpasa University, Department of Farm Structures and Irrigation, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science. 86 p. Tokat.
  • Uluata, A.R., 1981. Beton Malzemeleri ve Beton. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi (Ders Notu) s.25-74., Erzurum (in Turkish).
  • Yıldırım, M. ve Yılmaz, I., 2002. Investigation of the usefullness of the yıldız ırmak sediments as the cement aggregates. Bulletin of Faculty of Engineering of Cumhuriyet University, Serie A-Earth Sciences, 19 (2), p. 181-192, Sivas (in Turkish).
There are 39 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Hakan Kaya This is me

Sedat Karaman This is me

Publication Date September 26, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2016 Volume: 33 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Kaya, H., & Karaman, S. (2016). Research on Suitability of Crushed Andesite-Basalt Rock Aggregates in Ardahan Province for Concrete Production. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Gaziosmanpaşa University (JAFAG), 33(2), 115-124. https://doi.org/10.13002/jafag1052