Research Article
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Design and Development of a Low-cost UAV for Pesticide Applications

Year 2017, Volume: 34 Issue: 1, 94 - 103, 02.05.2017
https://doi.org/10.13002/jafag4274

Abstract

Intensive pesticide applications are used for plant protection in Turkey and in the world. Orchard sprayers, field sprayers and atomizers are commonly used machinery for pesticide applications. The recent developments in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technologies have made multi rotor UAVs suitable for precision pesticide applications as these vehicles do not damage crop due to field traffic, can operate in sloping terrain freely and have data storage capabilities. Despite these advantages, their relatively high costs and requirements for technical skills to operate these vehicles are among the factors limiting their use in agriculture. In this research, a prototype multi rotor UAV for aerial pesticide applications was designed and manufactured. Computer aided design and analyses were used for the development of the UAV. The developed hexacopter UAV has an aluminum frame and carries a 5 liters pesticide tank and powered by a 222 W battery. The UAV is also equipped with an aerial camera, GPS and electronics a suitable for autonomous flights. The laboratory and field experiments were conducted to verify the features of the developed UAV successfully.

References

  • Anonymous (2017a). www.hobby-wing.com/motor-ss-x4108s-480kv.html.(Accessed to web:10.03.2017).
  • Anonymous (2017b). www.ardupilot.org. (Accessed to web:10.03.2017).
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  • Bin Junaid, A., Y. Lee, and Y. Kim (2016). 'Design and implementation of autonomous wireless charging station for rotary-wing UAVs', Aerospace Science and Technology, 54: 253-66.
  • Candiago, S., F. Remondino, M. De Giglio, M. Dubbini, and M. Gattelli(2015). 'Evaluating Multispectral Images and Vegetation Indices for Precision Farming Applications from UAV Images', Remote Sensing, 7: 4026-47.
  • Chen, Y., H. Zhu, H. E. Ozkan, R. C. Derksen, and C. R. Krause (2013). 'Spray Drift and Off-Target Loss Reductions with a Precision Air-Assisted Sprayer', Transactions of the Asabe, 56: 1273-81.
  • Clarke, R. (2014). 'Understanding the drone epidemic', Computer Law & Security Review, 30: 230-46.
  • Cordill, B. D., S. A. Seguin, and M. S. Ewing (2011). 'Shielding Effectiveness of Composite and Aluminum Aircraft, Model and Measurement Comparison', 2011 Ieee International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2mtc): 1408-12.
  • Çelik, H K., Yılmaz, D., Unal, N., Akıncı İ. (2009). Failure Analysis of a Location Axle in Tracked Tractor. Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention. Vol: 9 (3), pp: 282-287.
  • Çelik, H K., Topakçı, M., Yılmaz, D., Akıncı I. (2008). Stress Analysis on Transmission Gears of a Rotary Tiller Using Finite Element Method. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University. Vol: 21 (2), pp: 155-166.
  • Faical, B. S., G. Pessin, G. P. R. Filho, A. C. P. L. F. Carvalho, P. H. Gomes, and J. Ueyama (2016). 'Fine-Tuning of UAV Control Rules for Spraying Pesticides on Crop Fields: An Approach for Dynamic Environments', International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools, 25.
  • Hoffmann, H., R. Jensen, A. Thomsen, H. Nieto, J. Rasmussen, and T. Friborg (2016). 'Crop water stress maps for an entire growing season from visible and thermal UAV imagery', Biogeosciences, 13: 6545-63.
  • Huang, Y. B., S. J. Thomson, H. J. Brand, and K. N. Reddy (2016). 'Development and evaluation of low-altitude remote sensing systems for crop production management', International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, 9: 1-11.
  • Kim, S., A. Pergande, and J. Hughen (2003). 'Low cost Ka band SAR/ISAR for UAV applications', 2003 Ieee Aerospace Conference Proceedings, Vols 1-8: 1097-102.
  • Koc, C., and R. Keskin (2011). 'Developing of PIC Controlled Active Boom Suspension System for Field Sprayer', Tarim Bilimleri Dergisi-Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 17: 24-33.
  • Vasudevan, A., D. A. Kumar, and N. S. Bhuvaneswari (2016). 'Precision farming using Unmanned Aerial and Ground Vehicles', 2016 Ieee International Conference on Technological Innovations in Ict for Agriculture and Rural Development (Tiar): 146-50.
  • Whitney, J. D., M. Salyani, D. B. Churchill, J. L. Knapp, J. O. Whiteside, and R. C. Littell (1989). 'A Field Investigation to Examine the Effects of Sprayer Type, Ground Speed, and Volume Rate on Spray Deposition in Florida Citrus', Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 42: 275-83.
  • Yilmaz, D., H. K. Celik, and I. Akinci (2009). 'Finite element analysis of a failure in rear-mounted mower pulley', Journal of Food Agriculture & Environment, 7: 865-68.
  • Yilmaz, H., M. C. O. Kart, and V. Demircan (2016). 'Economic Analysis of Pesticide Use in Wheat Production for Sustainable Rural Development', Economic Science for Rural Development: Integrated and Sustainable Regional Development, Production and Co-Operation in Agriculture: 295-302.
Year 2017, Volume: 34 Issue: 1, 94 - 103, 02.05.2017
https://doi.org/10.13002/jafag4274

Abstract

References

  • Anonymous (2017a). www.hobby-wing.com/motor-ss-x4108s-480kv.html.(Accessed to web:10.03.2017).
  • Anonymous (2017b). www.ardupilot.org. (Accessed to web:10.03.2017).
  • Arasu, P. M., V. Krishnaraj, and B. Rambabu (2014). 'Investigation of material and manufacturing process to develop high pedestrian safety composite bonnet', Dynamics of Machines and Mechanisms, Industrial Research, 592-594: 2518-23.
  • Bin Junaid, A., Y. Lee, and Y. Kim (2016). 'Design and implementation of autonomous wireless charging station for rotary-wing UAVs', Aerospace Science and Technology, 54: 253-66.
  • Candiago, S., F. Remondino, M. De Giglio, M. Dubbini, and M. Gattelli(2015). 'Evaluating Multispectral Images and Vegetation Indices for Precision Farming Applications from UAV Images', Remote Sensing, 7: 4026-47.
  • Chen, Y., H. Zhu, H. E. Ozkan, R. C. Derksen, and C. R. Krause (2013). 'Spray Drift and Off-Target Loss Reductions with a Precision Air-Assisted Sprayer', Transactions of the Asabe, 56: 1273-81.
  • Clarke, R. (2014). 'Understanding the drone epidemic', Computer Law & Security Review, 30: 230-46.
  • Cordill, B. D., S. A. Seguin, and M. S. Ewing (2011). 'Shielding Effectiveness of Composite and Aluminum Aircraft, Model and Measurement Comparison', 2011 Ieee International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2mtc): 1408-12.
  • Çelik, H K., Yılmaz, D., Unal, N., Akıncı İ. (2009). Failure Analysis of a Location Axle in Tracked Tractor. Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention. Vol: 9 (3), pp: 282-287.
  • Çelik, H K., Topakçı, M., Yılmaz, D., Akıncı I. (2008). Stress Analysis on Transmission Gears of a Rotary Tiller Using Finite Element Method. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University. Vol: 21 (2), pp: 155-166.
  • Faical, B. S., G. Pessin, G. P. R. Filho, A. C. P. L. F. Carvalho, P. H. Gomes, and J. Ueyama (2016). 'Fine-Tuning of UAV Control Rules for Spraying Pesticides on Crop Fields: An Approach for Dynamic Environments', International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools, 25.
  • Hoffmann, H., R. Jensen, A. Thomsen, H. Nieto, J. Rasmussen, and T. Friborg (2016). 'Crop water stress maps for an entire growing season from visible and thermal UAV imagery', Biogeosciences, 13: 6545-63.
  • Huang, Y. B., S. J. Thomson, H. J. Brand, and K. N. Reddy (2016). 'Development and evaluation of low-altitude remote sensing systems for crop production management', International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, 9: 1-11.
  • Kim, S., A. Pergande, and J. Hughen (2003). 'Low cost Ka band SAR/ISAR for UAV applications', 2003 Ieee Aerospace Conference Proceedings, Vols 1-8: 1097-102.
  • Koc, C., and R. Keskin (2011). 'Developing of PIC Controlled Active Boom Suspension System for Field Sprayer', Tarim Bilimleri Dergisi-Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 17: 24-33.
  • Vasudevan, A., D. A. Kumar, and N. S. Bhuvaneswari (2016). 'Precision farming using Unmanned Aerial and Ground Vehicles', 2016 Ieee International Conference on Technological Innovations in Ict for Agriculture and Rural Development (Tiar): 146-50.
  • Whitney, J. D., M. Salyani, D. B. Churchill, J. L. Knapp, J. O. Whiteside, and R. C. Littell (1989). 'A Field Investigation to Examine the Effects of Sprayer Type, Ground Speed, and Volume Rate on Spray Deposition in Florida Citrus', Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 42: 275-83.
  • Yilmaz, D., H. K. Celik, and I. Akinci (2009). 'Finite element analysis of a failure in rear-mounted mower pulley', Journal of Food Agriculture & Environment, 7: 865-68.
  • Yilmaz, H., M. C. O. Kart, and V. Demircan (2016). 'Economic Analysis of Pesticide Use in Wheat Production for Sustainable Rural Development', Economic Science for Rural Development: Integrated and Sustainable Regional Development, Production and Co-Operation in Agriculture: 295-302.
There are 19 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Caner Koç This is me

Publication Date May 2, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 34 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Koç, C. (2017). Design and Development of a Low-cost UAV for Pesticide Applications. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Gaziosmanpaşa University (JAFAG), 34(1), 94-103. https://doi.org/10.13002/jafag4274