Türkiye’de Yoksulluk Kültürünün Suç Ve Yoksulluk İlişkisinin Analiziyle Sınanması
Yıl 2023,
Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 249 - 268, 31.12.2023
Ayşe Nur Çiftçi
,
İskender Gümüş
Öz
Yoksulluk kültürü yaklaşımında yoksulların bir alt kültür oluşturdukları savunulmaktadır. Bu alt kültürde suç yaygındır. Yoksulluk ve suç arasında güçlü bağın olduğu iddia edilir. Yoksulluk kültürü yaklaşımında yoksulların potansiyel suçlu olarak kabul edildikleri savunulur. Yoksulları potansiyel suçlu olarak gören bir yaklaşımınsa yanlış olacağına işaret edilir. Yoksulluk kültürünün evrensel özellikte olduğu temel bir varsayımdır. Yani yoksulluk ve suç ilişkisinin dünyanın her yerinde benzer şekilde olması beklenir. Bu çalışmanın hazırlanmasındaki çıkış noktası da, yoksulluk kültürü yaklaşımındaki evrensel iddianın geçerliliğini test etmektir. 2019 yılı TÜİK verileriyle geçekleştirilen analizler, Türkiye’de yoksulluk ve suç ilişkisinin çok sınırlı olduğunu, bir kaç suç türünde görüldüğü desteklenmiştir. Halbuki olması beklenen, çok daha fazla suç türünde suç ve yoksulluk arasında ilişkinin olmasıydı. Dolayısıyla Türkiye, yoksulluk kültürü yaklaşımının yoksulluk ve suç ilişkisine ciddi bir kanıt sunamamaktadır. Bu da yoksulluk kültürü yaklaşımının evrensel özelliğe sahip olmadığını güçlendiriyor.
Kaynakça
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step GMM estimates. Journal of Economic Structures, 9, 1-25.
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yansımaları. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Vizyoner Dergisi, 11(26), 245-258.
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The Analysıs Of Relatıonshıp Between Crıme and Poverty For The Test Of Culture Of Poverty In Turkey
Yıl 2023,
Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 249 - 268, 31.12.2023
Ayşe Nur Çiftçi
,
İskender Gümüş
Öz
In the culture of poverty approach, it is argued that the poor form a subculture. Crime is common in this subculture. It is claimed that there is a strong link between poverty and crime. In the culture of poverty approach, it is argued that the poor are considered as potential criminals. It is pointed out that an approach that sees the poor as potential criminals will be biased. It is a basic assumption that the culture of poverty is universal. In other words, the relationship between poverty and crime is expected to be similar in every part of the world. The starting point in the preparation of this study is to test the validity of the universal claim in the culture of poverty approach. The analyzes carried out with the 2019 TURKSTAT data supported that the relationship between poverty and crime in Turkey is very limited, and that it is seen in a few types of crime. However, it was expected that there would be a relationship between crime and poverty in many more types of crime. Therefore, Turkey cannot provide serious evidence for the poverty and crime relationship of the culture of poverty approach. This reinforces that the culture of poverty approach does not have a universal feature.
Kaynakça
- Abanoz, I. N. (2022). The economic anomie and crime in Turkey. ss. 456-476, Handbook of Research on Cyber Approaches to Public Administration and Social Policy, New York: IGI Global.
- Ajide, F. M. (2021). Fiscal policy and crime rate in Nigeria. African Journal of Economic Review, 9(4), 85-105.
- Altaş, D., Kaspar, E. Ç. ve Ergüt, Ö. (2012). İlişki katsayılarının karşılaştırılması: Bir simülasyon çalışması. NKÜ Sosyal Bilimler Metinleri, Tekirdağ.
- Anser, M. K. ve öte. (2020). Dynamic linkages between poverty, inequality, crime, and social expenditures in a panel of 16 countries: Two-
step GMM estimates. Journal of Economic Structures, 9, 1-25.
- Ata, A. Y. (2011). Ücretler, işsizlik ve suç arasındaki ilişki: Yatay-kesit analizi. Çalışma ve Toplum, 4(31), 113-134.
- Atila, M. ve Çelikkaya, S. (2020). Ekonomik krizlerin toplumsal izdüşümü: Türkiye’de yaşanan ekonomik krizlerin işsizlik, suç ve intihara
yansımaları. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Vizyoner Dergisi, 11(26), 245-258.
- Aytaç, M. (1983). Korelasyon katsayılarının genelleştirilmesi. Uludağ Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 4(2), 209-221.
- Bailey, W. C. (1984) Poverty, inequality, and city homicide rates: Some not so unexpected findings. Criminology, 22(4), 531-550.
- Batiuk, M. E., Moke, P. ve Rountree, P. W. (1997). Crime and rehabilitation: Correctional education as an agent of change—a research note.
Justice Quarterly, 14(1), 167-180.
- Bell, B., Costa, R. ve Machin, S. (2016). Crime, Compulsory schooling laws and education. Economics of Education Review, 54, 214-226.
- Berk, R. A., Lenihan, K. J. ve Rossi, P. H. (1980). Crime and poverty: Some experimental evidence from ex-offenders. American Sociological
Review, 45(5), 766-786.
- Bharadwaj, A. (2014). Is Poverty the mother of crime? Empirical evidence of the impact of socioeconomic factors on crime in India.
Atlantic Review of Economics, 1, 1-40.
- Bilgin, R. (2012). Sokakta çalışan çocukları bekleyen risk ve tehlikeler: Diyarbakır örneği. ZKÜ Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 8(15), 79-96.
- Blau, J. R. ve Blau, P. M. (1982). The cost of inequality: Metropolitan structure and violent crime. American Sociological Review, 47(1),
114-129.
- Boateng, F. D., Pryce, D. K. ve Chenane, J. L. (2021). I may be an Immigrant, but I am not a Criminal: Examining the Association between
the Presence of Immigrants and Crime Rates in Europe. Journal of International Migration and Integration, 22(3), 1105-1124.
- Boor, M. ve Bair, J. H. (1990). Suicide rates, handgun control laws, and sociodemographic variables. Psychological Reports, 66(3),
923-930.
- Brown, M. (1982) Modelling the spatial distribution of suburban crime. Economic Geography, 58(3), 247-261.
- Buonanno, P. ve Leonida, L. (2006). Education and crime: Evidence from Italian regions. Applied Economics Letters, 13(11), 709-713.
- Cabrera-Barona, P. F., Jimenez, G. ve Melo, P. (2019). Types of crime, poverty, population density and presence of police in the
metropolitan district of Quito. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 8(12), 558.
- Cantor, D. ve Land, K. C. (1985). Unemployment and crime rates in the Post-World War II United States: A theoretical and empirical
analysis. American Sociological Review, 50(3), 317-332.
- Carmichael, F. ve Ward, R. (2001). Male unemployment and crime in England and Wales. Economics Letters, 73(1), 111-115.
- Carroll, L. ve Jackson, P. I. (1983). Inequality, opportunity, and crime rates in central cities. Criminology, 21(2), 178-194.
- Cheteni, P., Mah, G. ve Yohane, Y. K. (2018). Drug-related crime and poverty in South Africa. Cogent Economics ve Finance, 6(1), 1534528.
- Chioda, L., De Mello, J. M. ve Soares, R. R. (2016). Spillovers from conditional cash transfer programs: Bolsa família and crime in urban
Brazil. Economics of Education Review, 54, 306-320.
- Cho, Y. H. (1972). A multiple regression model for the measurement of the public policy impact on big city crime. Policy Sciences, 3(4),
435-455.
- Coccia, M. (2017). A Theory of general causes of violent crime: Homicides, income inequality and deficiencies of the heat hypothesis and
of the model of CLASH. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 37, 190-200.
- Cohen, D. ve Johnson, E. A. (1982). French criminality: Urban-rural differences in the nineteenth century”, The Journal of
Interdisciplinary History, 12(3), 477-501.
- Cohen, L. E. (1981). Modeling crime trends: A criminal opportunity perspective. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 18(1),
138-164.
- Cömertler, N. ve Kar, M. (2007). Türkiye'de suç oranının sosyo-ekonomik belirleyicileri: Yatay kesit analizi. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF
Dergisi, 62(2), 37-57.
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