The Roles of Interleukin-17A/F and IL-36Ra in Obese Asthmatic Children

Abstract

Childhood asthma and obesity are serious and chronic public health problems that require specific treatment. The prevalence of asthma in obese individuals is higher than that of non-obese individuals. Despite the belief that obesity is a major risk factor in the development of asthma, the mechanisms and effects associated with obesity are yet to be explained. It was considered that these two diseases are associated with excess adipose tissue that predisposes patients to inflammation and could contribute to the pathogenesis and severity of asthma. IL-17A and IL-17F are cytokines with pro-inflammatory properties, and high levels were observed in the serum of children with asthma and obesity. Also, IL-36 is a proinflammatory cytokine that acts as a mediator between the innate and adaptive immune systems to induce CXCL8 and IL-17 expressions. It could be suggested that these pro-inflammatory cytokines could play a role in the association between the two conditions. However, the activities of these cytokines are inhibited by anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-36Ra. The present review aims to explain the role of proinflammatory cytokines in adipose tissue and airway structure, as well as the association between the Th17 cytokines and the IL-36 cytokine family.

Keywords

• Obesity
• Asthma
• IL-17A
• IL-17F
• IL-36
• IL-36Ra

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