Research Article
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Year 2023, , 361 - 377, 29.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.54287/gujsa.1328036

Abstract

References

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A GIS-MCDA-Based Analysis for Spatial Ecotourism Suitability Assessment in Saudi Arabia’s Hail Province

Year 2023, , 361 - 377, 29.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.54287/gujsa.1328036

Abstract

Ecotourism was developed to combine culture, education, and tourism, but it has now evolved into a fundamental idea for global ecological sustainability. Ecotourism has the potential to help protect natural assets while also fostering beneficial synergies among tourism sector agents, visitors, and local residents. Low-density communities gain from rising interest in low-impact tourist products that assist the local economy. Based on this approach, the current research aims to assess the potential of existing natural and rural characteristics in the Hail area, situated in the center of Saudi Arabia, to underpin the development of sustainable tourist goods. In the research, natural ecotourism locations in Saudi Arabia’s Hail province were evaluated for their spatial suitability. The methodology of the research included a number of steps and procedures, beginning with the creation of a geographic database on the area’s natural resources for tourists. After extracting data from various sources and determining the criteria for the spatial suitability of natural tourist sites, which are represented in a set of natural and human criteria that directly affect the success of any tourist site based on the standards of the Saudi Commission for Tourism and National Heritage, the Ministry of Municipal and Rural Affairs and Housing, and standards derived from literary references, a total of 27 highly suitable sites were identified. Based on GIS (Geographic Information System)-based multicriteria decision analysis (GIS-MCDA) methodology, nine criteria were identified and represented in the form of layers, which were merged with each other through the overlay mechanism, after assigning a weight to each criterion based on its importance, to create a map identifying relevant natural environment tourist locations in the research region. The locate region for ecotourism, which covers 24501.225 km2, produced by the suitability modeler tool within ArcGIS Pro software and defined by the presence of ecotourism sites that fulfill the needs and standards of environmental tourism sites according to four degrees of suitability (high, moderate, marginal, and low). From a total of 64 sites, 27 exhibit a high suitability for ecotourism, accounting for 42.18% of all sites. While the number of sites with a moderate suitability rating reached 37 sites, representing 57.81% of all sites.

References

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  • Chen, Y., Yu, J., & Khan, S. (2010). Spatial sensitivity analysis of multi-criteria weights in GIS-based land suitability evaluation. Environmental Modelling & Software, 25(12), 1582–1591. doi:10.1016/j.envsoft.2010.06.001
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  • Eastman, J. R. (1999). Multi-criteria evaluation and GIS. In: P. A. Longley, M. F. Goodchild, D. J. Maguire, & D. W. Rhind (Eds.), Geographical Information Systems (pp. 493–502), John Wiley & Sons, New York.
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  • Fang, Q., Tong, Z., Qiao, M., & Ren, L. (2017). The Evaluation System of Online P2P Lending Platforms Based on AHP -- in the Perspective of Lenders. In: The Sixteenth Wuhan International Conference on E-Business-Social Network and Commerce (pp. 507-514).
  • Gigović, L., Pamučar, D., Lukić, D., & Marković, S. (2016). GIS-Fuzzy DEMATEL MCDA model for the evaluation of the sites for ecotourism development: A case study of “Dunavski ključ” region, Serbia. Land Use Policy, 58, 348–365. doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2016.07.030
  • Gourabi, B. R., & Rad, T. G. (2013). The analysis of ecotourism potential in Boujagh wetland with AHP method. Life Science Journal, 10(2s), 251–258.
  • Goyal, P., Kumar, D., & Kumar, V. (2020). Application of multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) in the area of sustainability: a literature review. International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process, 12(3), 512-545. doi:10.13033/ijahp.v12i3.720
  • Greene, R., Devillers, R., Luther, J. E., & Eddy, B. G. (2011). GIS-Based Multiple-Criteria Decision Analysis. Geography Compass, 5(6), 412–432. doi:10.1111/j.1749-8198.2011.00431.x
  • Islam, N., Sarkar, B., Basak, A., Das, P., Paul, I., Debnath, M., & Roy, R. (2022). A novel GIS-based MCDM approach to identify the potential eco-tourism sites in the Eastern Dooars region (Himalayan foothill) of West Bengal, India. Geocarto International, 37(26), 13145-13175. doi:10.1080/10106049.2022.2076917
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Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Geographic Information Systems
Journal Section Earth Sciences
Authors

Samera Al Salah 0009-0003-9131-3503

Early Pub Date September 29, 2023
Publication Date September 29, 2023
Submission Date July 15, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023

Cite

APA Al Salah, S. (2023). A GIS-MCDA-Based Analysis for Spatial Ecotourism Suitability Assessment in Saudi Arabia’s Hail Province. Gazi University Journal of Science Part A: Engineering and Innovation, 10(3), 361-377. https://doi.org/10.54287/gujsa.1328036