An Example of Kriging Method based on Environmental Temperature for Altitude Mapping Using ArcGIS Software

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate how Geographic Information System (GIS) software can be used for geographical interpolation, geostatistical analysis, and the creation of maps using relatively sparse data and highlighting the significance of this software in engineering and decision making. The method used in this study is applying ordinary kriging analysis on a gathered database to develop a variation map with interpolation analysis. The selected Z-values are the altitude and Environmental temperature of the selected zone which can contain a vast range. GIS can recognize and analyze the spatial relationships that exist within digitally stored spatial data. This method can bring ease for collecting data from a location that may have difficulties in visiting and gathering data by hand. By the use of semivariogram which is a graphical representation, and the covariance between every pair of points are used to calculate the spatial relationships between interpolating points. As a result, the final output of ArcGIS is a developed map showing altitude variation in the central area of Istanbul. This option can be used in making complex maps in every desired area by predicting Z-values for all the wanted zone based on the given database. Hence, the utility of GIS can bring a great improvement and ease in decision making and planning in civil engineering branches such as transportation, infrastructure, soil mechanics, and construction.

Keywords

• GIS
• Kriging
• Environmental Analysis
• Interpolation
• Geostatistical Analyst
• Civil Engineering

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