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Proposed Rules of Parentheses ( ) and Asymmetrical Hill Slopes

Year 2021, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 373 - 382, 29.09.2021

Abstract

Landslide is one of the natural disasters where land is rugged and in deep excavations. Topographic maps with a scale greater than 1/25,000 could give definite idea about the attitude of significant discontinuities and boundary of landslides. The proposed parenthesis rule is important to locate and orientate linear engineering structures including motorway, highway, railway and pipeline. Most of the slope instability problems in stratified rocks are controlled by the outsloping major discontinuities. The main discontinuity types are bedding and layering planes. They control the stability in civil engineering projects. The proposed rules enhance investigator and designer considerably in terms of safety–security, environment, timing and cost.

References

  • Bell, F. G. (2007). Engineering Geology. 2nd edition, Elsevier, Oxford.
  • Bieniawski, Z. T. (1989). Engineering rock mass classification: A complete manual for engineers and geologists in mining, civil and petroleum engineering. Wiley, NewYork.
  • Hoek, E., Wood, D., & Shah, S. (1992). A modified Hoek-Brown criterion for jointed rock masses. In: Rock Characterization, ISRM Symposium, Eurock’92, Chester, September 14-17, 209-213.
  • Kurter, A. (1991). Glaciers of the Middle East and Africa – Glaciers of Turkey. Satellite Image Atlas of Glaciers of the World, U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper - 1386-G-1.
  • Leventeli, Y., Yilmazer, O., & Yilmazer, I. (2019). Discontinuity Nomenclature and Its Significance in Geotechnics. Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 37(6), 5349-5357.
  • Marinos, V., Marinos, P., & Hoek, E. (2005). The geological strength index: applications and limitations. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 64, 55-65. doi:10.1007/s10064-004-0270-5
  • Orhan, A. H., & Yılmazer, I. (2006). Alignment selection criteria for pipelines essential. Pipeline & Gas Journal, 233, 43-44.
  • Todd, D. K. M. (2005). Groundwater Hydrology. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, New York.
  • Yilmazer, I. (1995). Significance of discontinuity survey in motorway alignment selection. Engineering Geology, 40, 41-48. doi:10.1016/0013-7952(95)00018-6
  • Yilmazer, I. (2002). A permanent solution to earthquake disaster. Kaynak Publication Co., Ankara (in Turkish).
  • Yilmazer, I. (2012). Earthquake secrete. Yılmazer Education and Engineering Ltd., Ankara (in Turkish).
  • Yilmazer, I., Selcuk, S., & Tumer, H. (1994). Cut slope recommendation. In: Proceedings of 7th Congress of the International Association of Engineering Geology Organization Committee, Lisbon, September 5-9, 3909-3919.
  • Yilmazer, I., Yilmazer, O., & Dogan, U. (1997a). Significance of water, discontinuity, and clay (WDC). In: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Engineering Geology and the Environment, Athens, June 23-27, 457-462.
  • Yilmazer, I., Leventeli, Y., & Akduman, L. (1997b). Recognition of distinct morphologies and its significance on site selection study. In: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Geology and Environment, Istanbul, September 1-5, 167-173.
  • Yilmazer, I., Yilmazer, O., & Sarac, C. (2003). Case history of controlling a major landslide at Karandu, Turkey. Engineering Geology, 70, 47-53. doi:10.1016/S0013-7952(03)00081-4
  • Yilmazer, I., Yilmazer, O., Ozvan, A., & Bicek, C. (2004). Alignment selection criteria for pipelines and motorways. In: Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Eastern Mediterranean Geology, Thessaloniki, April 14-20, 1034-1037.
Year 2021, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 373 - 382, 29.09.2021

Abstract

References

  • Bell, F. G. (2007). Engineering Geology. 2nd edition, Elsevier, Oxford.
  • Bieniawski, Z. T. (1989). Engineering rock mass classification: A complete manual for engineers and geologists in mining, civil and petroleum engineering. Wiley, NewYork.
  • Hoek, E., Wood, D., & Shah, S. (1992). A modified Hoek-Brown criterion for jointed rock masses. In: Rock Characterization, ISRM Symposium, Eurock’92, Chester, September 14-17, 209-213.
  • Kurter, A. (1991). Glaciers of the Middle East and Africa – Glaciers of Turkey. Satellite Image Atlas of Glaciers of the World, U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper - 1386-G-1.
  • Leventeli, Y., Yilmazer, O., & Yilmazer, I. (2019). Discontinuity Nomenclature and Its Significance in Geotechnics. Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 37(6), 5349-5357.
  • Marinos, V., Marinos, P., & Hoek, E. (2005). The geological strength index: applications and limitations. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 64, 55-65. doi:10.1007/s10064-004-0270-5
  • Orhan, A. H., & Yılmazer, I. (2006). Alignment selection criteria for pipelines essential. Pipeline & Gas Journal, 233, 43-44.
  • Todd, D. K. M. (2005). Groundwater Hydrology. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, New York.
  • Yilmazer, I. (1995). Significance of discontinuity survey in motorway alignment selection. Engineering Geology, 40, 41-48. doi:10.1016/0013-7952(95)00018-6
  • Yilmazer, I. (2002). A permanent solution to earthquake disaster. Kaynak Publication Co., Ankara (in Turkish).
  • Yilmazer, I. (2012). Earthquake secrete. Yılmazer Education and Engineering Ltd., Ankara (in Turkish).
  • Yilmazer, I., Selcuk, S., & Tumer, H. (1994). Cut slope recommendation. In: Proceedings of 7th Congress of the International Association of Engineering Geology Organization Committee, Lisbon, September 5-9, 3909-3919.
  • Yilmazer, I., Yilmazer, O., & Dogan, U. (1997a). Significance of water, discontinuity, and clay (WDC). In: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Engineering Geology and the Environment, Athens, June 23-27, 457-462.
  • Yilmazer, I., Leventeli, Y., & Akduman, L. (1997b). Recognition of distinct morphologies and its significance on site selection study. In: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Geology and Environment, Istanbul, September 1-5, 167-173.
  • Yilmazer, I., Yilmazer, O., & Sarac, C. (2003). Case history of controlling a major landslide at Karandu, Turkey. Engineering Geology, 70, 47-53. doi:10.1016/S0013-7952(03)00081-4
  • Yilmazer, I., Yilmazer, O., Ozvan, A., & Bicek, C. (2004). Alignment selection criteria for pipelines and motorways. In: Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Eastern Mediterranean Geology, Thessaloniki, April 14-20, 1034-1037.
There are 16 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Geological Engineering
Authors

Yasemin Leventeli 0000-0003-3714-4131

İlyas Yılmazer This is me 0000-0003-2072-0665

Publication Date September 29, 2021
Submission Date August 25, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 8 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Leventeli, Y., & Yılmazer, İ. (2021). Proposed Rules of Parentheses ( ) and Asymmetrical Hill Slopes. Gazi University Journal of Science Part A: Engineering and Innovation, 8(3), 373-382.