Sustainable Public Financing with Equity in Higher Education: Comparative Policy Insights from Norway, Canada, Chile, and Türkiye

Halime Öztürk Çalıkoğlu

doi:10.55993/hegp.1812711

Sustainable Public Financing with Equity in Higher Education: Comparative Policy Insights from Norway, Canada, Chile, and Türkiye

Abstract

This study examines how higher education financing regimes influence equity and completion outcomes across diverse governance contexts in Canada, Chile, Norway, and Türkiye between 2015 and 2025. Employing a qualitative comparative policy analysis supported by OECD, UNESCO, and World Bank indicators, the study integrates quantitative trends with case-based interpretation to explain how financing designs mediate progress toward SDG 4 (Quality Education) and SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities). The findings show that publicly funded systems sustain broader inclusion and completion, while privatized or mixed regimes reproduce stratification unless offset by redistributive reforms. Even high-investment systems face persistent sustainability challenges. By linking cost-sharing structures to redistributive, procedural, and participatory dimensions of justice, the study proposes a multidimensional framework for assessing sustainable equity in higher education. The results offer policy insights for post-2030 frameworks that align equitable funding design, transparent governance, and inclusive monitoring with fiscal sustainability.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

No funding was received from any institution or organization for this study.

Ethical Statement

This study is an article conducted with document analysis; thereby, no requirement for ethical approval process.

Thanks

No specific acknowledgments are applicable for this study.

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Higher Education Financing, Higher Education Policies

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Halime Öztürk Çalıkoğlu ^*
0000-0003-0121-7124
Türkiye

Publication Date

December 31, 2025

Submission Date

October 30, 2025

Acceptance Date

December 1, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 6 Number: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.55993/hegp.1812711

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA84FE25TF

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Öztürk Çalıkoğlu, H. (2025). Sustainable Public Financing with Equity in Higher Education: Comparative Policy Insights from Norway, Canada, Chile, and Türkiye. Higher Education Governance and Policy, 6(2), 137-154. https://doi.org/10.55993/hegp.1812711

AMA

1.Öztürk Çalıkoğlu H. Sustainable Public Financing with Equity in Higher Education: Comparative Policy Insights from Norway, Canada, Chile, and Türkiye. HEGP. 2025;6(2):137-154. doi:10.55993/hegp.1812711

Chicago

Öztürk Çalıkoğlu, Halime. 2025. “Sustainable Public Financing With Equity in Higher Education: Comparative Policy Insights from Norway, Canada, Chile, and Türkiye”. Higher Education Governance and Policy 6 (2): 137-54. https://doi.org/10.55993/hegp.1812711.

EndNote

Öztürk Çalıkoğlu H (December 1, 2025) Sustainable Public Financing with Equity in Higher Education: Comparative Policy Insights from Norway, Canada, Chile, and Türkiye. Higher Education Governance and Policy 6 2 137–154.

IEEE

[1]H. Öztürk Çalıkoğlu, “Sustainable Public Financing with Equity in Higher Education: Comparative Policy Insights from Norway, Canada, Chile, and Türkiye”, HEGP, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 137–154, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.55993/hegp.1812711.

ISNAD

Öztürk Çalıkoğlu, Halime. “Sustainable Public Financing With Equity in Higher Education: Comparative Policy Insights from Norway, Canada, Chile, and Türkiye”. Higher Education Governance and Policy 6/2 (December 1, 2025): 137-154. https://doi.org/10.55993/hegp.1812711.

JAMA

1.Öztürk Çalıkoğlu H. Sustainable Public Financing with Equity in Higher Education: Comparative Policy Insights from Norway, Canada, Chile, and Türkiye. HEGP. 2025;6:137–154.

MLA

Öztürk Çalıkoğlu, Halime. “Sustainable Public Financing With Equity in Higher Education: Comparative Policy Insights from Norway, Canada, Chile, and Türkiye”. Higher Education Governance and Policy, vol. 6, no. 2, Dec. 2025, pp. 137-54, doi:10.55993/hegp.1812711.

Vancouver

1.Halime Öztürk Çalıkoğlu. Sustainable Public Financing with Equity in Higher Education: Comparative Policy Insights from Norway, Canada, Chile, and Türkiye. HEGP. 2025 Dec. 1;6(2):137-54. doi:10.55993/hegp.1812711