Research Article
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Year 2020, Volume: 1 Issue: 2, 76 - 98, 30.12.2020

Abstract

References

  • Allen, David O. 1854. The State and Prospects of the English Language in India, Journal of the American Oriental Society 4: 263-75. https://www.jstor.org/stable/592279?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents
  • AspiringMinds. 2019. National Employability Report 2019: Engineers - Annual Report 2019. Bengaluru. https://www.aspiringminds.com/research-reports/national-employability-report-for-engineers-2019/
  • Azam, Mehtabul; Aimee Chin, & Nishith Prakash. 2013. The Returns to English-Language Skills in India, Economic Development and Cultural Change 61(2) (January): 335-367.
  • Biswas, Gautam; K.L. Chopra, C.S. Jha & D.V. Singh. 2010. Profile of Engineering Education in India: Status, Concerns and Recommendations. New Delhi: Norosa Publishing House
  • Boissiere, M., J.B. Knight, & R.H. Sabot. 1985. Earnings, Schooling, Ability, and Cognitive Skills, American Economic Review 75(5): 1016-1030.
  • Carnoy, Martin; Prashant Loyalka, Maria Dobryakova, Rafiq Dossani, Isak Froumin, Katherine Kuhns, Jandhyala BG Tilak & Rong Wang. 2013. University Expansion in a Changing Global Economy: Triumph of the BRICS? Stanford: Stanford University Press
  • Chakravarty, Sujoy & E. Somanathan. 2008. Discrimination in an Elite Labour Market? Job Placements at IIM-Ahmadabad, Economic and Political Weekly 43(44): 45-50
  • Chevalier, Arnaud. 2011. Subject Choice and Earnings of UK Graduates, Economics of Education Review 30(6) (December): 1187-1201
  • Chia, G., & Miller, P. W. 2008. Tertiary Performance, Field of Study and Graduate Starting Salaries, Australian Economic Review 41(1): 15-31.
  • Choudhury, Pradeep K. 2012. An Economic Analysis of Demand for Higher Education in India: A Study of Engineering Education in Delhi. New Delhi: National University of Educational Planning and Administration. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis
  • Choudhury, Pradeep K. 2013. Determinants of Employment Probabilities and Expected Earnings of Engineering Graduates: An Empirical Study in Delhi, India, Journal of Income and Wealth 35(2) (July-December):131-46
  • Choudhury, Pradeep Kumar. 2015. Explaining Gender Discrimination in the Employment and Earnings of Engineering Graduates in India, Journal of Educational Planning and Administration 29(3) (July): 225-246
  • Daymont, T. N., & Andrisani, P. J. 1984. Job Preferences, College Major, and the Gender Gap in Earnings, Journal of Human Resources 19(3): 408-428.
  • Dunga, Steven Henry. 2014. Determinants of Employment Status and Its Relationship to Poverty in Bophelong Township, Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 5(21) (September): 215-20.
  • Duraisamy, M., & Duraisamy, P. (1999). Women in the Professional and Technical Labour Market in India: Gender Discrimination in Education, Employment and Earnings, Indian Journal of Labour Economics 42(4): 599-612.
  • Frenette, Marc and Kristyn Frank. 2016. Earnings of Postsecondary Graduates by Detailed Field of Study, Economic Insights (Canada) No 056 (March). Statistics Canada, Catalogue no. 11-62E6-X
  • Gokuladas, V. K. 2010. Technical and Non‐Technical Education and the Employability of Engineering Graduates: An Indian Case Study, International Journal of Training and Development 14(2): 130-143
  • Gokuladas, V. K. 2011. Predictors of Employability of Engineering Graduates in Campus Recruitment Drives of Indian Software Services Companies, International Journal of Selection and Assessment 19(3): 313-319.
  • James, E.; Alsalam, N., Conaty, J. C., & To, D. L. 1989. College Quality and Future Earnings: Where should You send Your Child to College?. American Economic Review 79(2): 247-252
  • Jones, Ethel B. & John D. Jackson. 1990. College Grades and Labor Market Rewards, Journal of Human Resources 25 (2) (Spring): 253-266
  • Kong, J. 2011. Factors Affecting Employment, Unemployment, and Graduate Study for University Graduates in Beijing. In: Zhou Q. (eds) Advances in Applied Economics, Business and Development. ISAEBD 2011. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol. 209. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-23020-2_52
  • Loyalka, Prashant; Martin Carnoy, Isak Froumin, Rafiq Dossani , J B G Tilak, & PoYang. 2014. Factors Affecting the Quality of Engineering Education in the Four Largest Emerging Economies, Higher Education 68(6) (December): 977-1004
  • Madheswaran, S., & S. Shroff. 2000. Education, Employment and Earnings for Scientific and Technical Workforce in India: Gender Issues, Indian Journal of Labour Economics 43(1): 121-137
  • Mercer Survey. 2017. Inside Employees Minds Financial Wellness. New York: Mercer/Marsh & McLennan Companies. https://www.mercer.com/content/dam/mercer/attachments/global/inside-employees-minds/gl-2017-inside-employees-minds-financial-wellness.pdf
  • MHRD: Ministry of Human Resource Development. 2019. All-India Survey on Higher Education 2018-19. New Delhi: Government of India. https://mhrd.gov.in/sites/upload_files/mhrd/files/statistics-new/AISHE%20Final%20Report%202018-19.pdf
  • Murnane, Richard, John Willett, and Frank Levy. 1995. The Growing Importance of Cognitive Skills in Wage Determination, Review of Economics and Statistics 77: 251-266.
  • Nasscom-Mckinsey. 2005. Extending India's leadership of the global IT and BPO industries: NASSCOM-McKinsey report, 2005. New Delhi
  • Pandey, Meenu & Prabhat Pandey. 2014. Better English for Better Employment Opportunities, International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach 1(4) (August): 93-100 https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Dr_Pandey5/publication/264788119_Better_English_for_Better_Employment_Opportunities/links/53f0a08f0cf23733e812f010.pdf
  • Park, Cheol Kyun. 2015. Student Factors on Employment of Engineering Graduates: A Korean University Case, Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy 4(3): 288-306. http://www.kpubs.org/article/articleDownload.kpubs?downType=pdf&articleANo=GSHSS5_2015_v4n3_288
  • Parikh, P. P., & S.P. Sukhatme. 2004. Women Engineers in India, Economic and Political Weekly 39(2): 193-201
  • Rao, S. Srinivasa. 2006. Engineering and Technology Education in India: Uneven Spread, Quality and Social Coverage, Journal of Educational Planning and Administration 20(2): 205-225.
  • Singh, Rajveer. 2016. A Regression Study of Salary Determinants in Indian Job Markets for Entry Level Engineering Graduates. Masters Dissertation. Technological University Dublin. https://arrow.tudublin.ie/scschcomdis/90/
  • Tilak, Jandhyala B.G. 2019. Why do Students go to Private Colleges in India? Determinants of Students’ Choice of Engineering Institutions in India. XVII World Congress of Comparative Education Societies 2019: The Future of Education. Cancun, Mexico: Barceló, River Maya (20-24 May)
  • Tilak, Jandhyala B. G. 2020a. Determinants of Students’ Choice of Engineering Disciplines in India, Yükseköğretim Dergisi/Journal of Higher Education. Published online: May 15, 2020. doi:10.2399/yod.19.017000
  • Tilak, Jandhyala B.G. 2020b. Determinants of Household Expenditure on Engineering Education in India. New Delhi: Council for Social Development (unpublished)
  • UGC: University Grants Commission. 1987. Annual Report 1985-86. New Delhi.
  • UGC. 2018. Annual Report 2017-18. New Delhi. Weisbrod, B. & P. Karpoff. 1968. Monetary Returns to College Education, Students Ability, and College Quality, Review of Economics and Statistics 50:491–497 Wheebox. 2020. India Skills Report 2020: Reimaging India’s Talent and Landscape for a $5T Economy. Gurugram, Haryana, India. https://wheebox.com/assets/pdf/ISR_Report_2020.pdf

Engineering Graduates in India: Determinants of their Employment and Earnings

Year 2020, Volume: 1 Issue: 2, 76 - 98, 30.12.2020

Abstract

Engineering education has expanded fast in India during the last three decades. The expansion has been clearly in response to labour market conditions – growing demand for engineering manpower and wages relative to others. However labour market conditions are changing, and the growth in engineering education has also slowed down in the most recent years. Using the data collected through a survey of about 7,000 students enrolled in 40 engineering institutions in four different states in India, an attempt has been made in this paper to analyse two specific aspects: determinants of employment probabilities of engineering graduates and determinants of their earnings. Logistic regression and OLS technique have been used to examine respectively these two aspects. Among the hypothesized factors, education and related factors seem to be the main determinants of employment, while education related factors, job related factors and gender seem to influence the earnings of the engineering graduates. The results have important implications for policy making relating to engineering education and employment.

References

  • Allen, David O. 1854. The State and Prospects of the English Language in India, Journal of the American Oriental Society 4: 263-75. https://www.jstor.org/stable/592279?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents
  • AspiringMinds. 2019. National Employability Report 2019: Engineers - Annual Report 2019. Bengaluru. https://www.aspiringminds.com/research-reports/national-employability-report-for-engineers-2019/
  • Azam, Mehtabul; Aimee Chin, & Nishith Prakash. 2013. The Returns to English-Language Skills in India, Economic Development and Cultural Change 61(2) (January): 335-367.
  • Biswas, Gautam; K.L. Chopra, C.S. Jha & D.V. Singh. 2010. Profile of Engineering Education in India: Status, Concerns and Recommendations. New Delhi: Norosa Publishing House
  • Boissiere, M., J.B. Knight, & R.H. Sabot. 1985. Earnings, Schooling, Ability, and Cognitive Skills, American Economic Review 75(5): 1016-1030.
  • Carnoy, Martin; Prashant Loyalka, Maria Dobryakova, Rafiq Dossani, Isak Froumin, Katherine Kuhns, Jandhyala BG Tilak & Rong Wang. 2013. University Expansion in a Changing Global Economy: Triumph of the BRICS? Stanford: Stanford University Press
  • Chakravarty, Sujoy & E. Somanathan. 2008. Discrimination in an Elite Labour Market? Job Placements at IIM-Ahmadabad, Economic and Political Weekly 43(44): 45-50
  • Chevalier, Arnaud. 2011. Subject Choice and Earnings of UK Graduates, Economics of Education Review 30(6) (December): 1187-1201
  • Chia, G., & Miller, P. W. 2008. Tertiary Performance, Field of Study and Graduate Starting Salaries, Australian Economic Review 41(1): 15-31.
  • Choudhury, Pradeep K. 2012. An Economic Analysis of Demand for Higher Education in India: A Study of Engineering Education in Delhi. New Delhi: National University of Educational Planning and Administration. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis
  • Choudhury, Pradeep K. 2013. Determinants of Employment Probabilities and Expected Earnings of Engineering Graduates: An Empirical Study in Delhi, India, Journal of Income and Wealth 35(2) (July-December):131-46
  • Choudhury, Pradeep Kumar. 2015. Explaining Gender Discrimination in the Employment and Earnings of Engineering Graduates in India, Journal of Educational Planning and Administration 29(3) (July): 225-246
  • Daymont, T. N., & Andrisani, P. J. 1984. Job Preferences, College Major, and the Gender Gap in Earnings, Journal of Human Resources 19(3): 408-428.
  • Dunga, Steven Henry. 2014. Determinants of Employment Status and Its Relationship to Poverty in Bophelong Township, Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 5(21) (September): 215-20.
  • Duraisamy, M., & Duraisamy, P. (1999). Women in the Professional and Technical Labour Market in India: Gender Discrimination in Education, Employment and Earnings, Indian Journal of Labour Economics 42(4): 599-612.
  • Frenette, Marc and Kristyn Frank. 2016. Earnings of Postsecondary Graduates by Detailed Field of Study, Economic Insights (Canada) No 056 (March). Statistics Canada, Catalogue no. 11-62E6-X
  • Gokuladas, V. K. 2010. Technical and Non‐Technical Education and the Employability of Engineering Graduates: An Indian Case Study, International Journal of Training and Development 14(2): 130-143
  • Gokuladas, V. K. 2011. Predictors of Employability of Engineering Graduates in Campus Recruitment Drives of Indian Software Services Companies, International Journal of Selection and Assessment 19(3): 313-319.
  • James, E.; Alsalam, N., Conaty, J. C., & To, D. L. 1989. College Quality and Future Earnings: Where should You send Your Child to College?. American Economic Review 79(2): 247-252
  • Jones, Ethel B. & John D. Jackson. 1990. College Grades and Labor Market Rewards, Journal of Human Resources 25 (2) (Spring): 253-266
  • Kong, J. 2011. Factors Affecting Employment, Unemployment, and Graduate Study for University Graduates in Beijing. In: Zhou Q. (eds) Advances in Applied Economics, Business and Development. ISAEBD 2011. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol. 209. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-23020-2_52
  • Loyalka, Prashant; Martin Carnoy, Isak Froumin, Rafiq Dossani , J B G Tilak, & PoYang. 2014. Factors Affecting the Quality of Engineering Education in the Four Largest Emerging Economies, Higher Education 68(6) (December): 977-1004
  • Madheswaran, S., & S. Shroff. 2000. Education, Employment and Earnings for Scientific and Technical Workforce in India: Gender Issues, Indian Journal of Labour Economics 43(1): 121-137
  • Mercer Survey. 2017. Inside Employees Minds Financial Wellness. New York: Mercer/Marsh & McLennan Companies. https://www.mercer.com/content/dam/mercer/attachments/global/inside-employees-minds/gl-2017-inside-employees-minds-financial-wellness.pdf
  • MHRD: Ministry of Human Resource Development. 2019. All-India Survey on Higher Education 2018-19. New Delhi: Government of India. https://mhrd.gov.in/sites/upload_files/mhrd/files/statistics-new/AISHE%20Final%20Report%202018-19.pdf
  • Murnane, Richard, John Willett, and Frank Levy. 1995. The Growing Importance of Cognitive Skills in Wage Determination, Review of Economics and Statistics 77: 251-266.
  • Nasscom-Mckinsey. 2005. Extending India's leadership of the global IT and BPO industries: NASSCOM-McKinsey report, 2005. New Delhi
  • Pandey, Meenu & Prabhat Pandey. 2014. Better English for Better Employment Opportunities, International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach 1(4) (August): 93-100 https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Dr_Pandey5/publication/264788119_Better_English_for_Better_Employment_Opportunities/links/53f0a08f0cf23733e812f010.pdf
  • Park, Cheol Kyun. 2015. Student Factors on Employment of Engineering Graduates: A Korean University Case, Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy 4(3): 288-306. http://www.kpubs.org/article/articleDownload.kpubs?downType=pdf&articleANo=GSHSS5_2015_v4n3_288
  • Parikh, P. P., & S.P. Sukhatme. 2004. Women Engineers in India, Economic and Political Weekly 39(2): 193-201
  • Rao, S. Srinivasa. 2006. Engineering and Technology Education in India: Uneven Spread, Quality and Social Coverage, Journal of Educational Planning and Administration 20(2): 205-225.
  • Singh, Rajveer. 2016. A Regression Study of Salary Determinants in Indian Job Markets for Entry Level Engineering Graduates. Masters Dissertation. Technological University Dublin. https://arrow.tudublin.ie/scschcomdis/90/
  • Tilak, Jandhyala B.G. 2019. Why do Students go to Private Colleges in India? Determinants of Students’ Choice of Engineering Institutions in India. XVII World Congress of Comparative Education Societies 2019: The Future of Education. Cancun, Mexico: Barceló, River Maya (20-24 May)
  • Tilak, Jandhyala B. G. 2020a. Determinants of Students’ Choice of Engineering Disciplines in India, Yükseköğretim Dergisi/Journal of Higher Education. Published online: May 15, 2020. doi:10.2399/yod.19.017000
  • Tilak, Jandhyala B.G. 2020b. Determinants of Household Expenditure on Engineering Education in India. New Delhi: Council for Social Development (unpublished)
  • UGC: University Grants Commission. 1987. Annual Report 1985-86. New Delhi.
  • UGC. 2018. Annual Report 2017-18. New Delhi. Weisbrod, B. & P. Karpoff. 1968. Monetary Returns to College Education, Students Ability, and College Quality, Review of Economics and Statistics 50:491–497 Wheebox. 2020. India Skills Report 2020: Reimaging India’s Talent and Landscape for a $5T Economy. Gurugram, Haryana, India. https://wheebox.com/assets/pdf/ISR_Report_2020.pdf
There are 37 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Other Fields of Education
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Jandhyala Tilak 0000-0002-2560-3508

Publication Date December 30, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 1 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Tilak, J. (2020). Engineering Graduates in India: Determinants of their Employment and Earnings. Higher Education Governance and Policy, 1(2), 76-98.