Anason, Rezene ve Kenevir Tohumunlarının Kimyasal Bileşenleri ve Antioksidan Kapasiteleri

Year 2025, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 12 - 23, 25.04.2025

Özgenur Dinçer Şahan , Kezban Uçar Çifçi

Abstract

Tıbbi bitkilere olan ihtiyaç her geçen gün artmaktadır. Çok sayıda farmakolojik özelliğin yanı sıra antioksidan aktiviteye de sahip olan bu bitkilerin ateroskleroz, diyabet, alzheimer ve kanser gibi çeşitli hastalıklardaki etkinliği araştırılmaktadır. Ülkemizde yetiştiriciliği ve kullanımı yaygın olan anason ve rezene de önemli tıbbi bitkilerdir. Bununla birlikte son yıllarda kenevir bitkisinin de önemli terapötik etkilere sahip olduğu gösterilmiş, kronik ve metabolik hastalardaki etkinliklerinin belirlenmesine yönelik çok sayıda çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada anason, rezene ve kenevir popülasyonlarına ait tohumlardan elde edilen hekzan ekstraktlarının sabit yağ oranları ile bileşenlerinin belirlenmesi ve ekstraktların terapötik potansiyele katkı sağlayan antioksidan aktivitelerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Sabit tohum yağları GC/MS metodu ile belirlenmiştir. Antioksidan aktivite ise 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) ve 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) metotlarıyla potansiyel serbest radikal temizleyici etkisi ile analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, anason, rezene ve kenevirin doymuş yağ asidi içeriği sırasıyla %5,84, %9,51 ve %12,03 iken, doymamış yağ asidi oranları sırasıyla %91,23, %90 ve %87,97'dir. DPPH sonuçlarında en yüksek antioksidan değer 7,5 mg/ml konsantrasyonunda %93 oranında rezenede bulunmuştur. ABTS yönteminde ise en yüksek antioksidan değer 5 mg/ml konsantrasyonunda %97 oranında anason ve rezenede bulunmuştur. Kullanılan her iki antioksidan aktivite analizi sonucuna göre de tohum ekstraktları yüksek antioksidan özellik göstermektedir. Tohum ekstraktlarının yağ asidi bileşiminin antioksidan aktiviteye katkı sağladığı düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

Antioksidan aktivite , Yağ asidi , Sabit yağ , Kenevir

Fatty Acid Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Anise, Fennel and Hemp Seed Extracts

Abstract

The need for medicinal plants is rising with each passing day. The efficacy of these plants, which have antioxidant activity and many pharmacological properties, in various diseases such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, Alzheimer's, and cancer is being investigated. Anise and fennel, which are widely cultivated and used in our country, are also critical medicinal plants. However, in recent years, hemp has also been shown to have significant therapeutic effects, and many studies have been carried out to determine its efficacy in chronic and metabolic patients. The objective of this research was to determine the fixed oil ratios and components of hexane extracts obtained from seeds of anise, fennel, and hemp populations and investigate the extracts' antioxidant activities that contribute to the therapeutic potential. Fixed seed oils were determined using the GC/MS method. Antioxidant activity was analyzed by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) methods with potential free radical scavenging effect. According to the results obtained, the saturated fatty acid contents of anise, fennel and hemp were 5.84%, 9.51% and 12.03%, respectively, while the unsaturated fatty acid contents were 91.23%, 90% and 87.97%, respectively. In the DPPH results, the highest antioxidant value was found in fennel at a concentration of 7.5 mg/ml at a rate of 93%. In the ABTS method, the highest antioxidant value was found in anise and fennel at a concentration of 5 mg/ml at a rate of 97%. According to the results of both antioxidant activity assays, the seed extracts showed high antioxidant properties. The fatty acid composition of seed extracts is thought to contribute to antioxidant activity.

Keywords

Antioxidant activity , Fatty acid , Fixed oil , Hemp

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