Thermodynamic Analysis of the Integrated System that Produces Energy by Gradual Expansion from the Waste Heat of the Solid Waste Facility

Year 2023, Volume: 10 Issue: 4, 339 - 348, 31.12.2023

Ahmet Elbir

https://doi.org/10.17350/HJSE19030000324

Cited By: 1

Abstract

The rapid increase in consumer societies leads to a rise in waste facilities. Especially when considering the amount of power used in waste plants and the corresponding waste heat generated, an approach to recover waste heat from these facilities has been proposed. Initially, the waste heat from the solid waste facility was assessed using the Rankine cycle. Subsequently, an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system was integrated into the lower cycle of the steam Rankine cycle. The integrated system was completed by harnessing waste heat from the Rankine steam cycle in the carbon dioxide cycle. These power generation systems are designed with two turbines, each with gradual expansion. Using sub-cycles, 1 kg/s of air at 873.2 K was obtained by evaluating the waste heat. In terms of energy efficiency, it can be observed that the R744 gradual expansion cycle exhibits the highest energy and exergy efficiency. Cooling with water in heat exchangers reduces exhaust efficiency. The highest mass flow requirement is found in the ORC system when the R123 fluid is used. The energy efficiency for the entire system was calculated as 22,4%, and the exergy efficiency for the entire system was calculated as 60.7%. When Exergo Environment Analysis was made, exergy stability factor was found to be %60.7, exergetic sustainability index was found to be 2.66. There is also 370K waste heat available, which is recommended for use in drying units. These calculations were performed using the Engineering Equation Solver (EES) program.

Keywords

Energy, Exergy, Gradual Expansion, Waste Heat, Exergo Environment Analysis

References

• 1. Arslan M, Yılmaz C. Thermodynamic Optimization and Thermoeconomic Evaluation of Afyon Biogas Plant assisted by organic Rankine Cycle for waste heat recovery. Energy. 2022; 248, 123487.
• 2. Özahi E, Tozlu A, Abuşoğlu A. Thermoeconomic multi-objective optimization of an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) adapted to an existing solid waste power plant. Energy conversion and management. 2018; 168, 308-319.
• 3. Ruwa TL, Abbasoğlu S, Akün E. Energy and Exergy Analysis of Biogas-Powered Power Plant from Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Food and Animal Waste. Processes. 2022; 10(5), 871.
• 4. Elbir A. Thermodynamic analysis of combined power cycle, combining heat from a waste heat source with sub-cycles. Thermal Science. 2023; 27(4 Part B), 3031-3041.
• 5. Mondal P, Samanta S, Zaman SA, Ghosh S. Municipal solid waste fired combined cycle plant: Techno-economic performance optimization using response surface methodology. Energy Conversion and Management. 2021; 237, 114133.
• 6. Tozlu A, Ozahi E, Abusoglu A. Thermodynamic and thermoeconomic analyses of an organic Rankine cycle adapted gas turbine cycle using S- CO2. Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University. 2018; 33(3).
• 7. Özahi E, Tozlu A, Abuşoğlu A. Thermoeconomic multi-objective optimization of an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) adapted to an existing solid waste power plant. Energy conversion and management. 2018; 168, 308-319.
• 8. Valencia Ochoa G, Cárdenas Gutierrez J, Duarte Forero J. Exergy, economic, and life-cycle assessment of ORC system for waste heat recovery in a natural gas internal combustion engine. Resources. 2020; 9(1), 2.
• 9. Wu X, Zhang N, Xie L, Ci W, Chen J, Lu S. Thermoeconomic Optimization Design of the ORC System Installed on a Light-Duty Vehicle for Waste Heat Recovery from Exhaust Heat. Energies. 2022; 15(12), 4486.
• 10. Ancona MA, Bianchi M, Branchini L, De Pascale A, Melino F, Peretto A, Torricelli N. Systematic comparison of ORC and S-CO2combined heat and power plants for energy harvesting in industrial gas turbines. Energies. 2021; 14(12), 3402.
• 11. Elbir A, Şahin ME, Özgür AE, Bayrakçi HC. Thermodynamic Analysis of A Novel Combined Supercritical CO2 And Organic Rankine Cycle. International Journal Of Engineering And Innovative Research. 2023; 5(1), 33-47.
• 12. Yang K, Zhang H, Song S, Yang F, Liu H, Zhao G, Yao B. Effects of degree of superheat on the running performance of an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) waste heat recovery system for diesel engines under various operating conditions. Energies. 2014; 7(4), 2123-2145.
• 13. Thekdi A, Nimbalkar SU. Industrial waste heat recovery-potential applications, available technologies and crosscutting r&d opportunities (No. ORNL/TM-2014/622). Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). 2015.
• 14. Cengel YA, Boles MA. Thermodynamics: an engineering approach. McGraw-Hill New York. 2011.
• 15. Dincer I, Rosen MA. Exergy: energy, environment and sustainable development. Elsevier Science. 2012.
• 16. Bejan A, Tsatsaronis G, Moran M. Thermal design and optimization. New York: Jonh Wiley and. 1996
• 17. Sharifishourabi M. Energetic and Exergetic Analysis of a Solar Organic Rankine Cycle with Triple Effect Absorption System (Master's thesis, Eastern Mediterranean University (EMU)-Doğu Akdeniz Üniversitesi (DAÜ)). 2016.
• 18. Satheeshkumar A, Lim CW. The Performance Of Waste Heat Recovery Systems Using Steam Rankine Cycle And Organic Rankine Cycle For Power Generation, International Journal Of Engineering And Advanced Technology. 2019; 9(2),4172-4177.
• 19. Li M, Wang J, He W, Gao L, Wang B, Ma S, Dai Y. Construction and preliminary test of a low-temperature regenerative Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) using R123. Renewable energy. 2013; 57, 216- 222.
• 20. Hossain MJ, Chowdhury JI, Balta-Ozkan N, Asfand F, Saadon S, Imran M. Design optimization of supercritical carbon dioxide (SCO2) cycles for waste heat recovery from marine engines. Journal of Energy Resources Technology. 2021; 143(12), 120901.
• 21. Klein SA. Engineering Equation Solver(EES). F-Chart Software, Version 10.835-3D. 2020.