Composition, Abundance, and Distribution of Thrips (Thysanoptera) Species on The Bitter Orange (Citrus aurantium L.) in Adana Province, Türkiye

Ekrem Atakan

doi:10.16882/hortis.1757050

Composition, Abundance, and Distribution of Thrips (Thysanoptera) Species on The Bitter Orange (Citrus aurantium L.) in Adana Province, Türkiye

Abstract

Although the thrips (Thysanoptera) fauna of citrus varieties with economic importance and widespread cultivation in Türkiye has been studied, thrips species in bitter orange trees, which are used for different purposes, are not known. This study was conducted in the Balcalı location of Adana province in 2022 and 2023 to determine the Thysanoptera fauna on bitter orange trees used for landscaping purposes. Thrips were collected from the flowers and fruits of the trees using the beating method. As a result of the study, 14 species were identified. The most common species, all belonging to the family Thripidae, were: Western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (33.14%), Oxythrips ajugae Uzel (20.66%), and Rubus thrips, Thrips major Uzel (15.08%). Only a few predatory thrips species from the genus Aeolothrips (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae) were found. Thrips were collected mainly from the flowers of the trees. It was recorded that O. ajugae and T. major reproduced in the flowers. The thrips species used the bitter orange trees as temporary habitats and did not cause damage to various organs of the trees.

Keywords

References

Aksu, M., & Karahan, M. (2004). Antalya İli yöresinde geleneksel olrak üretilen bazı reçellerin üretim teknikleri ve bazı özellikleri. Geleneksel Gıdalar Sempozyumu, Van 1:233-235 (in Turkish).
Anonymous, (2025). Oxythrips https://keys.lucidcentral.org/keys/v3/thysanoptera_chinensis/identify_in_chinese/key/Thripidae_China_M/Media/Html/entities/oxythrips.pdf. Date acessed 14 May 2025 .
Atakan, E, (2008). Population fluctuations of two thrips (Thysanoptera) species and the thrips damage associated with some temperate fruits in Adana province, Turkey. Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi, 32 (4): 255-271 (in Turkish).
Atakan, E., Ölçülü, M,, Pehlivan, S., & Satar S (2015). Türkiye’de yeni zararlı bir thrips türü: Thrips hawaiiensis (Morgan, 1913) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Türkiye Entomoloji Bülteni, 5(2): 77-84 (in Turkish).
Atakan, E., & Pehlivan, S. (2021). First report of the chili thrips, Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood, 1919 (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 45(2): 156-160.
Blunck, H. (1958). Thysanopteren aus der Türkei. Beitr Entomol 8: 99-111 (in German). Brodbeck, B. V., Stavisky. J., Funderburk, J. E., Anderson, P. C., & Olson, S. M. (2001). Flower nitrogen status and populations of Frankliniella occidentalis feeding on Lycopersicon esculentum. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 2: 165-172.
Brodbeck, B.V., Stavisky, J., Funderburk, J.E., Anderson, P.C., & Olson, S.M. (2001). Flower nitrogen status and populations of Frankliniella occidentalis feeding on Lycopersicon esculentum. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 2: 165-172.
Brown, A.S.S., Simmonds, M.S.J., & Blaney, W.M. (2003). Relationships between nutritional composition of plants species and infestation levels of thrips. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 12: 2399-2409.

Jervis, M.A., Ellers. J., & Harvey, J.A. (2008). Resource acquisition, allocation, and utilization in parasitoid reproductive strategies. Annual Review of Entomology, 53: 361-385.
Lewis, T. (1997). Thrips: Their Biology, Ecology and Economic Importance. London, UK: Academic press.
Masumoto, M., &. Okajima, S. (2006). A revision of and key to world species of Mycterothrips Trybom (Thysanoptera, Thripidae). Zootaxa, 1261: 1-90.
Morse, J.G., & Hoddle, M.S. (2006) Invasion Biology of thrips. Annual Review of Entomology, 51: 67–89.
Nakahara, S., 1994. The genus Thrips Linnaeus (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the new world. Technical Bulletin. United States Department of Agriculture 1822,183 pp.
Nas, S., Atakan, E., & Elekçioğlu, N. (2007). Thysanoptera species infesting citrus in the Eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey. Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi, 31: 307–316 (in Turkish).
Ölçülü, M., & Atakan, E. (2013). Thysanoptera species infesting the flowers of citrus in the eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey. IOBC-WPRS Bulletin, 95: 63-69.
Özsemerci, F., Akşit, T., & Tunç, İ. (2006). Determination of thrips species in the vineyards of Manisa province and distribution of important species according to the districts. Bitki Koruma Bülteni, 46(1-4): 51-63 (in Turkish).
Priesner H. 1951. Zwei neue Thysanopteren aus der Türkei. Zeitschrift fur Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz, 58: 255-258 (in German).
Satar, S., & Kalkan Ç. (2024). Distribution and damage of the new pest Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on citrus in the Çukurova Region of Turkey. Çukurova Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi, 39(2): 436-450 (in Turkish).
Tekşam, İ., & Tunç, I. (2009). An analysis of Thysanoptera associated with citrus flowers in Antalya, Turkey: Composition, distribution, abundance and pest status of species. Applied Entomology and Zoology, 44: 455-469.
Tokgöz, H., & Gölükçü, M. (2009). Turunç (Citrus aurantium) meyvelerinin değerlendirilme yöntemleri ve insan sağlığı üzerine etkileri. Hasad-Gıda, 284: 44-48.
Tunç, İ. & zur Strassen, R. (1984). Thysanoptera of Ankara province. University of Ankara Publications of Faculty of Agriculture, 919, 37p.
Tunç, I. (1989). Thrips infesting temperate fruit flowers. Akdeniz Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 2: 133-140.
Tunç, I. (1996). Thysanoptera associated with fruit crops in Turkey. Folia Entomology Hungary (Suppl.): 155-160.
Tunç, I., Bahşi, Ş.U., & Göçmen, H. (2012). Thysanoptera fauna of the Aegean region, Turkey, in the spring. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 36(5): 592-606.
Tunç, İ., & Hastenpflug-Vesmanıs, A. (2016). Records and checklist of Thysanoptera in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 40: 769-778.
TÜİK. (2024). Bitkisel üretim istatistikleri. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. https://www.tuik.gov.tr/ (Date accessed: 20 November 2024).
Uygun, N. (2001). Türkiye turunçgil bahçelerinde entegre mücadele (Zararlılar, Nematodlar, Hastalıklar, Yabancı Otlar). TÜBİTAK TARP Türkiye Tarımsal Araştırma Projesi Yayınları, Adana, 157 s. (in Turkish).
Vierbergen, G., Kucharczyk, H., & Kirk, D.J. (2010). A key to second instar larvae of the Thripidae of the Western Palaeartic region (Thysanoptera). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 153: 99-160.
Yakhontov, V.V. (1964). Order Thysanoptera (Physopoda) in Keys to the Insects of the European USSR, 1, editor G. Ya. Bei-Bienko, 1119-1160.
zur Strassen, R. (2003). Die Terebranten Thysanopteren Europas und des Mittel Gebietes. Die tierwelt deutschlauds, Beggründet 1925 von Friedrich Dahl, 74. Teil. Goecke und Evers, Keltern, Deutschland, p. 277 (in German).

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Horticultural Production (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Ekrem Atakan
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

September 3, 2025

Publication Date

December 31, 2025

Submission Date

May 26, 2025

Acceptance Date

August 3, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 42 Number: 3

DOI

https://doi.org/10.16882/hortis.1757050

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA89LN52ZT

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Atakan, E. (2025). Composition, Abundance, and Distribution of Thrips (Thysanoptera) Species on The Bitter Orange (Citrus aurantium L.) in Adana Province, Türkiye. Horticultural Studies, 42(3), 100-105. https://doi.org/10.16882/hortis.1757050

AMA

1.Atakan E. Composition, Abundance, and Distribution of Thrips (Thysanoptera) Species on The Bitter Orange (Citrus aurantium L.) in Adana Province, Türkiye. HortiS. 2025;42(3):100-105. doi:10.16882/hortis.1757050

Chicago

Atakan, Ekrem. 2025. “Composition, Abundance, and Distribution of Thrips (Thysanoptera) Species on The Bitter Orange (Citrus Aurantium L.) in Adana Province, Türkiye”. Horticultural Studies 42 (3): 100-105. https://doi.org/10.16882/hortis.1757050.

EndNote

Atakan E (December 1, 2025) Composition, Abundance, and Distribution of Thrips (Thysanoptera) Species on The Bitter Orange (Citrus aurantium L.) in Adana Province, Türkiye. Horticultural Studies 42 3 100–105.

IEEE

[1]E. Atakan, “Composition, Abundance, and Distribution of Thrips (Thysanoptera) Species on The Bitter Orange (Citrus aurantium L.) in Adana Province, Türkiye”, HortiS, vol. 42, no. 3, pp. 100–105, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.16882/hortis.1757050.

ISNAD

Atakan, Ekrem. “Composition, Abundance, and Distribution of Thrips (Thysanoptera) Species on The Bitter Orange (Citrus Aurantium L.) in Adana Province, Türkiye”. Horticultural Studies 42/3 (December 1, 2025): 100-105. https://doi.org/10.16882/hortis.1757050.

JAMA

1.Atakan E. Composition, Abundance, and Distribution of Thrips (Thysanoptera) Species on The Bitter Orange (Citrus aurantium L.) in Adana Province, Türkiye. HortiS. 2025;42:100–105.

MLA

Atakan, Ekrem. “Composition, Abundance, and Distribution of Thrips (Thysanoptera) Species on The Bitter Orange (Citrus Aurantium L.) in Adana Province, Türkiye”. Horticultural Studies, vol. 42, no. 3, Dec. 2025, pp. 100-5, doi:10.16882/hortis.1757050.

Vancouver

1.Ekrem Atakan. Composition, Abundance, and Distribution of Thrips (Thysanoptera) Species on The Bitter Orange (Citrus aurantium L.) in Adana Province, Türkiye. HortiS. 2025 Dec. 1;42(3):100-5. doi:10.16882/hortis.1757050