Adolesan Annelerin İlk Emzirme Deneyimleri: Nitel Bir Çalışma

Year 2019, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 329 - 341, 01.06.2019

Nursan Çınar , Tuncay Müge Alvur , Dilek Menekşe , Döndü Sevimli Güler

Abstract

DOI:10.17681/hsp.470571

Amaç:
Çalışma, adolesan annelerin ilk emzirme
deneyimlerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Gereç
ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya başlamadan önce etik kurul onayı ve kurum izni
alınmıştır. Nitel bir araştırma
olarak yapılandırılan çalışmanın evrenini, Sakarya ilinde bir Eğitim ve Araştırma
Hastanesinde Kasım 2014-Şubat 2015 tarihleri arasında polikliniğe gelen 19
yaşını doldurmamış gönüllü adolesan annelerin tamamı,  örneklemini ise çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden, kronik hastalığı ve iletişim
problemi olmayan, primipar olan 13 anne oluşturmuştur. Veri
toplama esnasında katılımcılara çalışmanın amacı açıklanmış, tüm verilerin
güvenle korunacağı konusunda bilgi verilerek, katılımcılardan yazılı onamları
alınmıştır. Çalışmada demografik verilerin toplanmasında, araştırmacılar
tarafından hazırlanan anket ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu
kullanılmıştır. Görüşmede gebelere “Lütfen, ilk emzirme deneyimlerinizi bize
anlatır mısınız?” sorusu sorularak başlanmış ve adolesan annelerin verdikleri
yanıtlar iki araştırmacı (DM ve DG) tarafından not edilmiştir. Görüşmeler
hastanede bir odada gerçekleştirilmiş, araştırmacılar ve anne dışında hiç kimse
odaya alınmamıştır. Görüşmeler yaklaşık 45 dakika sürmüştür. Görüşme esnasında
araştırmacılar anneyi yönlendirmemeye özen göstermiştir. Başlangıçta belli bir
anne sayısı hedeflenmemiş, annelerin görüş ve uygulamaları birbirinin
tekrarlayıp, değişik görüşler çıkmadığı izlenimi edilene kadar çalışma
sürdürülmüştür. Görüşmeler 4 aylık bir zaman diliminde tamamlanmıştır.  Elde edilen verilerin içerik analizi,
araştırmacılar tarafından yapılarak,  ana
temalar belirlenmiş ve yorumlanmıştır. 

Bulgular:
Çalışmaya
katılan annelerin yaş ortalaması 18,30±0,85 olup, annelerin % 84,6’sı (n=11)
ilköğretim mezunu olduğunu, %92,3’ü (n=12) çalışmadığını ve  %69,2’si (n=9) doğumunun normal olduğunu
ifade etti.   Görüşme sırasında elde
edilen verilerin analizi sonrasında oluşturulan temalar; “annelik duygusunda
belirsizlik ve karmaşa”, “emzirme ve anne sütünün yararları ile ilgili algıda
eksiklik”, “emzirme niyeti”, “ilk emzirmede yaşananlar”, “emzirme ile ilgili
sosyal ve profesyonel destek gereksinimine ilişkin görüşlerdir.

Sonuç:
Çalışma
sonucunda adolesan annelerin anneliğe yeterince hazır olmadıkları ve ilk
emzirme deneyimlerinde de daha fazla desteğe gereksinim duydukları görüldü.

Keywords

adolesan anne, anneliğe hazır olma

First Breastfeeding Experience of Adolescent Mothers: A Qualitative Study

Abstract

DOI:10.17681/hsp.470571

Purpose:
Aim of the study is to find out the themes
related to the first breastfeeding experince of the adolescent mothers.

Materials
and Methods: This qualitative study is approved by the local ethical
commitee of the Sakarya University and, was conducted at Sakarya Education and
Research Hospital between November 2014 and February 2015. Primipara younger
than the age of 19 participated the study with their free will after being
informed about the study. Exclusion criteria were: having chronic disease
and/or communication problems. Demographic data were collected by using a
semi-structured questionnaire designed by the researchers. The face to face
interview started with “Please tell us about your very first breastfeeding  experience”. All interview courses took place
at a private room and were noted by one of the researchers (DK, DG). Minimum
duration of the interviews was 45 minutes. The researchers paid particular
attention to not to plant any idea or attitude. The study was study was
terminated after four months period; when the researchers had the consensus of
“no new practice/remark”. Researcher made their personal content analysis after
decryption of the interviews and at the end of some meeting serials
reconciliation on the themes was granted.

 Results: The mean age of the mothers was
18.30 ±0.85, 84.6% was primary graduate; 92.3 % was not working and 69.2% gave
normal vaginal birth to their child. Main themes of the interviews were:
“obscurity of feelings related to being mother”, “insufficient perception about
the advantages of breastfeeding and breast-milk”, “breastfeeding
intention”,  “personal impressions about
first breastfeeding”, “social and professional support need during
breastfeeding”

Conclusion:
Results of the study are:  adolescents
are not enough prepared to “being” mother and adolescent mothers are in need of
social and professional support during their first breastfeeding experiences.t
during their first breastfeeding experiences.

Keywords

adolescent mother, readiness to being mother

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