Emphysematous cystitis in a non-diabetic cat with Staphylococcus spp.

Abstract

Emphysematous cystitis (EC) is uncommon infection of urinary tract which is characterized by air within the bladder wall and lumen. A 3 years old male cat presented with polyuria/polydipsia, lethargy, and inappropriate urination. Temperature, pulse and respiratory rates were within normal limits on physical examination. Blood work revealed leukocytosis and increased levels of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine. Urinalysis revealed persistent proteinuria in urine dipstick and bacteria under microscopical examination of urine. The presence of air in the bladder were seen in latero-lateral abdominal view. Based on lab work and imaging abnormalities, a diagnosis of emphysematous cystitis was made. The use of diagnostic imaging and lab work are necessary in the diagnosis and treatment of this rare disease, and will be described in this report.

Keywords

• Emphysematous cystitis,cat,Staphylococcus spp,radiology

References

1. Amano, M., & Shimizu, T. (2014). Emphysematous cystitis: a review of the literature. Internal medicine, 53(2), 79-82.
2. Bos, D., Patal, P., & Ditullio, S. (2014). Emphysematous cystitis: An atypical multi-organism presentation. Canadian urological association journal, 8(3-4), 210-212.
3. Fabbi, M., Manfredi, S., Bianchi, E., Gnudi, G., Miduri, F., & Volta A. (2016). Emphysematous pyelitis and cystitis associated with vesicoureteral reflux in a diabetic dog. Canadian veterinary journal. 57(4): 382–386.
4. Grupper, M., Kravtsov, A., & Potasman, I. (2007). Emphysematous cystitis: illustrative case report and review of the literature. Medicine, 86(1), 47-53.
5. Lobetti, R. G., & Goldin, J. P. (1998). Emphysematous cystitis and bladder trigone diverticulum in a dog. Journal of small animal practice, 39(3), 144-147.
6. Moon, R., Biller, D. S., & Smee, N. M. (2014). Emphysematous cystitis and pyelonephritis in a nondiabetic dog and a diabetic cat. Journal of the American animal hospital association 50(2), 124-129.
7. Petite, A., Busoni, V., Heinen, M. P., Billen, F., & Snaps, F. (2006). Radiographic and ultrasonographic findings of emphysematous cystitis in four nondiabetic female dogs. Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound, 47(1), 90-93
8. Quint, H. J., Drach, G. W., Rappaport, W. D., & Hoffmann, C. J. (1992). Emphysematous cystitis - a Review of the spectrum of disease. Journal of urology, 147(1), 134-137.