Research Article
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Year 2018, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 38 - 46, 31.08.2018
https://doi.org/10.30704/http-www-jivs-net.392331

Abstract

References

  • Acharjyo, L. N. (2004). Helminthiasis in captive wild carnivores and its control in India. Zoos’ Print Journal 19(7),1540-1543. Arjun, M. S., Ravindran, R., Zachariah, A., Ashokkumar, M., Varghese, A., Deepa, C. K. & Chandy, G. (2017). Gastrointestinal parasites of tigers (Panthera tigris tigris) in Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary, Kerala, India. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 6(8), 2502-2509. Atanaskova, E., Kochevski, Z., Stefanovska, J. & Nikolovski, G. (2011). Endoparasites in wild animals at the zoological garden in Skopje, Macedonia. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 3(7), 1955-1958.
  • Borghare, A. T., Bagde, V. P., Jaulkar, A. D., Katre, D. D., Jamde, P. D., Maske, D. K. & Bhangale, G. N. (2009). Incidence of gastrointestinal helminthiasis of captive wild deers at Nagpur. Veterinary World, 2(9), 337-338.
  • Bush, M., Phillips, L. G. & Montail, R. J. (1987). Clinical management of captive tigers. In R. Tilson & U. Seal (Ed), Tigers of the world. New Jersey, US: Noyes Publications.
  • Chame, M. (2003). Terrestrial mammal feces a morphometric summary and description. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 98(Suppl-1), 71-94.
  • Cleaveland, S., Laurenson, K., Funk, S. & Packer, C. (2006). Impact of viral infections in wild carnivore populations. In .R. G., Morato, F. H. G. Rodrigues, E. Eizirik, P. R., Mangini, F. C. C. Azevedo, Marinho-Filho J. (Ed). Manejo e conservação de carnívoros neotropicais. São Paulo, Brasil, IBAMA.
  • Daszak, P., Cunningham, A. A. & Hyatt A. D. (2000). Emerging infectious diseases of wildlife-threats to biodiversity and human health. Science, 287(5452) 443-449.
  • Duncan, J. R. & Prasse, K. W. (1986). Veterinary laboratory medicine, 2nd ed., Iowa, US: Iowa State University Press.
  • Feldman, B. F., Zinkl J. G. & Jain N. C. (2000). Schalm's veterinary hematology, 5th ed. Philadelphia, US: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
  • Furtado, M. M. & Filoni, C. (2008). Diseases and their role for jaguar conservation. Cat News, (Special Issue), 4, 35-40.
  • Gairola, H. K. (1986). Gastrointestinal parasites of zoo animals. Their impact, treatment and control. Wild life Health, 4, 4-9.
  • Goossensa, E., Dornya, P., Boomkerd, J. & Vercammen, F. (2005). A12-month survey of the gastro-intestinal helminths of antelopes, gazelles and giraffes kept at two zoos in Belgium. Veterinary Parasitology, 127(3-4), 303-312.
  • Gorman, M. L. & Trowbridge, B. J. (1989). The role odour in the social lives carnivores. In J. L. Gittleman (Ed) Carnivore behaviour, ecology and evolution, New York, US: Chapman and hall Ltd.
  • Hoskins, J. D. (2001). Veterinary pediatrics. Louisiana, US: W.B. Saunders.
  • Kashid, K. P., Shrikhande, G. B. & Bhojne, G. R. (2002). Incidence of gastrointestinal helminths in captive wild animals at different locations. Zoo's Print Journal, 18(3), 1053-1054.
  • Katona, P. & Katona–Apte, J. (2008). The interaction between nutrition and infection. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 46(10), 1582-1588. Khan, B. N., Ali, Z., Yasmeen, R., Bibi, F., Mehboob, Z. & Mehboob, N. (2015). Trypanosoma infestations in Royal Bengal Tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) at Lahore Zoological Gardens and its therapy. The Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 25(3 vSupp. 2), 477-482.
  • Kahn, C. & Line S. (2005) Merck Veterinary Manual 9th ed. New Jersey, US: Merck.
  • Krone, O., Guminsky, O., Meinig, H., Herrmann, M., Trinzen, M. & Wibbelt, G. (2008). Endoparasite spectrum of wild cats (Felis silvestris Schreber, 1777) and domestic cats (Felis catus L.) from the Eifel, Pfalz region and Saarland, Germany. European Journal of Wildlife Research, 54, 95-100. Leib, M. S., Monroe, W. E. (1997). Practical small animal internal medicine. Philadelphia, US: W. B. Saunders.
  • Marathe, R. R., Goel, S. S., Ranade, S. P., Jog, M. M., Watve, M. G. (2002). Patterns in abundance and diversity of faecally dispersed parasites of tiger in Tadoba National Park, central India. BMC Ecology, 2(6), 1-10.
  • McRee, A. & Ramsay, E. C. (2013). ISIS Normal values for tigers (Panthera tigris): Are they better than domestic cat reference intervals? Retrieved from http://www.tigerhaven.org/reference/files/McRee%20tiger%20norms%202013.pdf.
  • Moudgil, A. D., Singla, L. D., Singla, P. (2015). Parasitosis in wild felids of India: an overview. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 7(10), 7641-7648. Natalia, E., Sergey, N., Vyacheslav, R., Fedor, V., Antonio, H., J., Andrey, P., Alexander, K. & Ekaterina, P. (2017). Helminths of rare feline species (Felidae) in Siberia and the Russian Far East. International Journal of Research in Ayurveda and Pharmacy, 8(2), 30-74.
  • Nimisha, M., Pradeep, R. K., Kurbet, P. S., Amrutha, B. M., Varghese, A., Deepa, C. K., Priya, M. N., Lakshmanan, B., Kumar, K. G. A. & Ravindran, R. (2017). Parasitic diseases of domestic and wild animals in northern Kerala: A retrospective study based on clinical samples. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 6(11), 2381-2392.
  • Oculewicz, A., Perec-Matysiak, A., Bunkowska, K. & Hildebrand, J. (2012). Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati and Toxascaris leonina in wild and domestic carnivores. Helminthologia, 49(1), 3-10.
  • Raja, M. M. R. U., Dey, A. R., Begum, N., Kundu, U. K. & Ashad, F. A. (2014). Coprological prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in carnivores and small mammals at Dhaka zoo, Bangladesh. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 6(3), 5574–5579.
  • Rao, A, T. & Acharjyo, L. N. (1984). Diagnosis and classification of common diseases of captive animals at Nandankanan Zoo in Orissa (India). Indian Journal of Animal Health, 33, 147–152 . Reilly, S., Seddighi, R., Steeil, J. C., Sura, P., Whittemore, J. C., Gompf, R. E., Elliott, S. B. & Ramsay, E. C. (2014). Selected clinical, biochemical and electrolyte alterations in anesthetized captive tigers (Panthera tigris) and Lions (Panthera leo). Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, 45(2), 328–334.
  • Sajjad, S., Farooq, U., Malik, H., Anwar, M. & Ahmad, I. (2011). Comparative hematological variables of Bengal tigers (Panthera tigris tigris) kept in Lahore Zoo and Lahore Wildlife Park, Pakistan. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 36(4), 346-351.
  • Sano, M., Agarwal, M. C. Kotwal, P. C. & Gopal, R. (1994). Paragonimus infection in the tigers at Kanha National Park. Journal of Parasitology and Applied Animal Biology, 3, 115-116.
  • Shirbhate, M. V. (2007). Quantification of predation and incidence of parasitic infestation in Melghat Tiger Reserve with special reference to leopards (Panthera pardus). The Bioscan, 2(1), 41-46.
  • Shrivastav, A. D. & Singh, K. P. (2012). Tigers blood: Haematological and biochemical studies. In T. E. Moschandreou (Ed). Blood cell. Retrieved from https://www.intechopen.com/books/blood-cell-an-overview-of-studies-in-hematology/tigers-blood-haematological-and-biochemical-studies.
  • Sodikoff, C. H. (2001). Laboratory profiles of small animal diseases. St Louis, US: Mosby Inc.
  • Sur, S. K., Ghosh G. L. & Chatterjee, D. (2001). Use of ivermectin in igers for removing intestinal parasites. Zoos’ Print Journal,16(1), 410.
  • Thawait, V. K., Maiti, S. K. & Dixit, A. A. (2014). Prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasites in captive wild animals of Nandan Van Zoo, Raipur, Chhattisgarh. Veterinary World, 7(7), 448-451.
  • Walston, J., Robinson,J. G., Bennett, E. L., Breitenmoser, U., Fonseca, G., Goodrich, J., Gumal, M., Hunter, L., Johnson, A., Karanth, U., Leader-Williams, K., Mackinnon, D., Miquelle, A., Pattanavibool, C., Poole, N., Rabinowitz, A., Smith, D., Stokes, E., Stuart, S. Vongkhamheng, C. & Wibisono. H. (2010). Bringing the tiger back from the -The six percent solution. PLoS Biology, 8:e1000485.
  • Williams, E. S. & Thorne, E. T. (1996). Infectious and parasitary diseases of captive carnivores, with special emphasis on the black-footed ferret (Mustela nigrippes). Revue scientifique et technique (International Office of Epizootics), 15(1), 91-114.

Parasitary Infestation In Three Tiger Cubs

Year 2018, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 38 - 46, 31.08.2018
https://doi.org/10.30704/http-www-jivs-net.392331

Abstract

Being an apex predator, the tiger is known as an indicator of healthy ecosystems. This animal's crucial role causes a significant decrease in the population, in case death occurs the  ecosystem devastation also occurs. This highlights the importance of this species' protection. Apart from hunting, traps, road causalities, starvation and unidentified reasons, diseases, mostly parasites are one of the most significant reason of these animals' death. There are different researches explaining the most important and frequent parasites detected in tigers. Toxocara spp. is one of them. This case report explains the treatment period of three tiger cubs suffering from Toxocara spp. One female cub and a male cub revealed gastrointestinal signs. Anemia accompanied these signs in male cub. The third cub was asymptomatic. Apart from supportive treatment, pyrantel pamoate was administrated to all cubs. The treatment was judged as successful. The therapy procedure and preventive measurements were evaluated.

References

  • Acharjyo, L. N. (2004). Helminthiasis in captive wild carnivores and its control in India. Zoos’ Print Journal 19(7),1540-1543. Arjun, M. S., Ravindran, R., Zachariah, A., Ashokkumar, M., Varghese, A., Deepa, C. K. & Chandy, G. (2017). Gastrointestinal parasites of tigers (Panthera tigris tigris) in Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary, Kerala, India. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 6(8), 2502-2509. Atanaskova, E., Kochevski, Z., Stefanovska, J. & Nikolovski, G. (2011). Endoparasites in wild animals at the zoological garden in Skopje, Macedonia. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 3(7), 1955-1958.
  • Borghare, A. T., Bagde, V. P., Jaulkar, A. D., Katre, D. D., Jamde, P. D., Maske, D. K. & Bhangale, G. N. (2009). Incidence of gastrointestinal helminthiasis of captive wild deers at Nagpur. Veterinary World, 2(9), 337-338.
  • Bush, M., Phillips, L. G. & Montail, R. J. (1987). Clinical management of captive tigers. In R. Tilson & U. Seal (Ed), Tigers of the world. New Jersey, US: Noyes Publications.
  • Chame, M. (2003). Terrestrial mammal feces a morphometric summary and description. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 98(Suppl-1), 71-94.
  • Cleaveland, S., Laurenson, K., Funk, S. & Packer, C. (2006). Impact of viral infections in wild carnivore populations. In .R. G., Morato, F. H. G. Rodrigues, E. Eizirik, P. R., Mangini, F. C. C. Azevedo, Marinho-Filho J. (Ed). Manejo e conservação de carnívoros neotropicais. São Paulo, Brasil, IBAMA.
  • Daszak, P., Cunningham, A. A. & Hyatt A. D. (2000). Emerging infectious diseases of wildlife-threats to biodiversity and human health. Science, 287(5452) 443-449.
  • Duncan, J. R. & Prasse, K. W. (1986). Veterinary laboratory medicine, 2nd ed., Iowa, US: Iowa State University Press.
  • Feldman, B. F., Zinkl J. G. & Jain N. C. (2000). Schalm's veterinary hematology, 5th ed. Philadelphia, US: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
  • Furtado, M. M. & Filoni, C. (2008). Diseases and their role for jaguar conservation. Cat News, (Special Issue), 4, 35-40.
  • Gairola, H. K. (1986). Gastrointestinal parasites of zoo animals. Their impact, treatment and control. Wild life Health, 4, 4-9.
  • Goossensa, E., Dornya, P., Boomkerd, J. & Vercammen, F. (2005). A12-month survey of the gastro-intestinal helminths of antelopes, gazelles and giraffes kept at two zoos in Belgium. Veterinary Parasitology, 127(3-4), 303-312.
  • Gorman, M. L. & Trowbridge, B. J. (1989). The role odour in the social lives carnivores. In J. L. Gittleman (Ed) Carnivore behaviour, ecology and evolution, New York, US: Chapman and hall Ltd.
  • Hoskins, J. D. (2001). Veterinary pediatrics. Louisiana, US: W.B. Saunders.
  • Kashid, K. P., Shrikhande, G. B. & Bhojne, G. R. (2002). Incidence of gastrointestinal helminths in captive wild animals at different locations. Zoo's Print Journal, 18(3), 1053-1054.
  • Katona, P. & Katona–Apte, J. (2008). The interaction between nutrition and infection. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 46(10), 1582-1588. Khan, B. N., Ali, Z., Yasmeen, R., Bibi, F., Mehboob, Z. & Mehboob, N. (2015). Trypanosoma infestations in Royal Bengal Tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) at Lahore Zoological Gardens and its therapy. The Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 25(3 vSupp. 2), 477-482.
  • Kahn, C. & Line S. (2005) Merck Veterinary Manual 9th ed. New Jersey, US: Merck.
  • Krone, O., Guminsky, O., Meinig, H., Herrmann, M., Trinzen, M. & Wibbelt, G. (2008). Endoparasite spectrum of wild cats (Felis silvestris Schreber, 1777) and domestic cats (Felis catus L.) from the Eifel, Pfalz region and Saarland, Germany. European Journal of Wildlife Research, 54, 95-100. Leib, M. S., Monroe, W. E. (1997). Practical small animal internal medicine. Philadelphia, US: W. B. Saunders.
  • Marathe, R. R., Goel, S. S., Ranade, S. P., Jog, M. M., Watve, M. G. (2002). Patterns in abundance and diversity of faecally dispersed parasites of tiger in Tadoba National Park, central India. BMC Ecology, 2(6), 1-10.
  • McRee, A. & Ramsay, E. C. (2013). ISIS Normal values for tigers (Panthera tigris): Are they better than domestic cat reference intervals? Retrieved from http://www.tigerhaven.org/reference/files/McRee%20tiger%20norms%202013.pdf.
  • Moudgil, A. D., Singla, L. D., Singla, P. (2015). Parasitosis in wild felids of India: an overview. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 7(10), 7641-7648. Natalia, E., Sergey, N., Vyacheslav, R., Fedor, V., Antonio, H., J., Andrey, P., Alexander, K. & Ekaterina, P. (2017). Helminths of rare feline species (Felidae) in Siberia and the Russian Far East. International Journal of Research in Ayurveda and Pharmacy, 8(2), 30-74.
  • Nimisha, M., Pradeep, R. K., Kurbet, P. S., Amrutha, B. M., Varghese, A., Deepa, C. K., Priya, M. N., Lakshmanan, B., Kumar, K. G. A. & Ravindran, R. (2017). Parasitic diseases of domestic and wild animals in northern Kerala: A retrospective study based on clinical samples. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 6(11), 2381-2392.
  • Oculewicz, A., Perec-Matysiak, A., Bunkowska, K. & Hildebrand, J. (2012). Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati and Toxascaris leonina in wild and domestic carnivores. Helminthologia, 49(1), 3-10.
  • Raja, M. M. R. U., Dey, A. R., Begum, N., Kundu, U. K. & Ashad, F. A. (2014). Coprological prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in carnivores and small mammals at Dhaka zoo, Bangladesh. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 6(3), 5574–5579.
  • Rao, A, T. & Acharjyo, L. N. (1984). Diagnosis and classification of common diseases of captive animals at Nandankanan Zoo in Orissa (India). Indian Journal of Animal Health, 33, 147–152 . Reilly, S., Seddighi, R., Steeil, J. C., Sura, P., Whittemore, J. C., Gompf, R. E., Elliott, S. B. & Ramsay, E. C. (2014). Selected clinical, biochemical and electrolyte alterations in anesthetized captive tigers (Panthera tigris) and Lions (Panthera leo). Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, 45(2), 328–334.
  • Sajjad, S., Farooq, U., Malik, H., Anwar, M. & Ahmad, I. (2011). Comparative hematological variables of Bengal tigers (Panthera tigris tigris) kept in Lahore Zoo and Lahore Wildlife Park, Pakistan. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 36(4), 346-351.
  • Sano, M., Agarwal, M. C. Kotwal, P. C. & Gopal, R. (1994). Paragonimus infection in the tigers at Kanha National Park. Journal of Parasitology and Applied Animal Biology, 3, 115-116.
  • Shirbhate, M. V. (2007). Quantification of predation and incidence of parasitic infestation in Melghat Tiger Reserve with special reference to leopards (Panthera pardus). The Bioscan, 2(1), 41-46.
  • Shrivastav, A. D. & Singh, K. P. (2012). Tigers blood: Haematological and biochemical studies. In T. E. Moschandreou (Ed). Blood cell. Retrieved from https://www.intechopen.com/books/blood-cell-an-overview-of-studies-in-hematology/tigers-blood-haematological-and-biochemical-studies.
  • Sodikoff, C. H. (2001). Laboratory profiles of small animal diseases. St Louis, US: Mosby Inc.
  • Sur, S. K., Ghosh G. L. & Chatterjee, D. (2001). Use of ivermectin in igers for removing intestinal parasites. Zoos’ Print Journal,16(1), 410.
  • Thawait, V. K., Maiti, S. K. & Dixit, A. A. (2014). Prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasites in captive wild animals of Nandan Van Zoo, Raipur, Chhattisgarh. Veterinary World, 7(7), 448-451.
  • Walston, J., Robinson,J. G., Bennett, E. L., Breitenmoser, U., Fonseca, G., Goodrich, J., Gumal, M., Hunter, L., Johnson, A., Karanth, U., Leader-Williams, K., Mackinnon, D., Miquelle, A., Pattanavibool, C., Poole, N., Rabinowitz, A., Smith, D., Stokes, E., Stuart, S. Vongkhamheng, C. & Wibisono. H. (2010). Bringing the tiger back from the -The six percent solution. PLoS Biology, 8:e1000485.
  • Williams, E. S. & Thorne, E. T. (1996). Infectious and parasitary diseases of captive carnivores, with special emphasis on the black-footed ferret (Mustela nigrippes). Revue scientifique et technique (International Office of Epizootics), 15(1), 91-114.
There are 33 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Veterinary Surgery
Journal Section Case reports
Authors

Burçak Özkan

Publication Date August 31, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 2 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Özkan, B. (2018). Parasitary Infestation In Three Tiger Cubs. Journal of Istanbul Veterinary Sciences, 2(2), 38-46. https://doi.org/10.30704/http-www-jivs-net.392331

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