Estimation of dry matter, crude protein and starch values in mixed feeds by near-infrared reflectance (NIR) spectroscopy

Year 2020, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 125 - 130, 30.12.2020

Hasan Atalay , Fatih Kahrıman , Firat Alatürk

https://doi.org/10.30704/http-www-jivs-net.786427

Cited By: 2

Abstract

This study aims to determine the levels of dry matter, crude protein, and starch widely used in ruminant feeding, in dairy and beef cattle mixed feeds based on the measurements taken from two different Near-Infrared Reflectance (NIR) devices. The chemical analyses of the mixed feed samples used in the study were performed and the reference values (REF) were determined. In the research, two different NIR devices, a Benchtop-NIR and a Portable-NIR, were used and the nutrient values of mixed feeds were analyzed with these devices. It was determined that there were statistically significant differences between the reference method and NIR results for protein and starch content. Although the differences between the mean values were significant, the reference analyses results and NIR measurements were similar in some ways. According to the correlation coefficients calculated between the reference analyses with Benchtop-NIR and Portable-NIR devices, there was a weak correlation in the dry matter content, while a strong positive correlation existed in the protein (r = 0.72 for Portable, r = 0.93 for Benchtop NIR) and starch content. In the study, 30 different mixed feed (dairy cattle feed, beef cattle feed) values that are commonly used in ruminant feeding were measured.

Keywords

Feed, Starch, Near-İnfrared Reflectance (NIR)

References

• Abaş, İ., Özpınar, H., Kutay, H. C., Kahraman, R., & Eseceli, H. (2005). Determination of the metabolizable energy (ME) and net energy lactation (NEL) contents of some feeds in the Marmara region by in vitro gas technique. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 29(3), 751-757.
• Alp, M., Koçabağlı, N., Kahraman, R., Yetim, M., & Şenel, H. S. (1996). Kanatlı beslenmesinde bullanılan yem maddelerinin ve karma yemlerin besin maddeleri ve enerji kapsamları yönünden değerlendirilmesi. İstanbul Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 22(1), 9-22.
• AOAC (1990). Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 16th ed. Washington, D.C., USA.
• Baye, T. M., Pearson, T. C., & Settles, A. M. M. (2006). Development of a calibration to predict maize seed composition using single kernel near infrared spectroscopy. Journal of Ceracel Science, 43, 236-243.
• Baytok, E., Muruz, H., Bolat, D., & Aksu, T. (2000). Mera᾽da otlayan süt ineklerine farklı düzeylerde protein ihtiva eden karma yem verilmesinin süt verimi ve kompozisyonuna etkisi. Y.Y.Ü. Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 11(1), 117-120.
• Butler, L. D, Cropper, J. B., Johnson, R. H., Norman, A. J., Peacock, G. L., Shaver, P. L., & Spaeth, K.E. (2003). Livestock nutrition, husbandry, and behavior. National range and pasture handbook, 1st ed. United States Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service.
• Çelik, K., Ertürk, M. M., & Ersoy, İ. E. (2003). Quantitatively Investigating some quality characteristics of compound feeds and feedstuffs sampled out of different feed mills, Akdeniz Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(2), 161-168.
• Freeman, S. (2003). Biological Science. Prentice Hall. Göngör, T., Başalan, M., & Aydoğan, İ. (2008). Kırıkkale yöresinde üretilen bazı kaba yemlerin besin madde miktarları ve metabolize olabilir enerji düzeylerinin belirlenmesi. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 55, 111-115.
• Hall, M. B. (2010). Non-fiber carbohydrates. Technical Services Nutritionist F.A.R.M.E. Institute, Inc., Homer, NY. Harris, B. (1993). Florida Cooperative Extension Service. Nonstructural and structural carbohydrates in dairy cattle rations. Gainesville: Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida.
• Karaman, M., & Erdemir, S. (2018). Kanatlı hayvanların beslenmesinde kullanılan bazi karma yemlerin kimyasal kompozisyonunun near infrared reflektans spektroskopi (NIRS) ile belirlenmesi. Black Sea Journal of Agriculture, 1(2), 24-28.
• Kızılgeçi, F., & Yıldırım, M. (2017). Bazı tritikale (X Triticosecale Wittmack) genotiplerinin verim ve kalite özelliklerinin belirlenmesi. Türkiye Tarımsal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 4(1), 43-49.
• MacGregor, C. A., Stokes, M. R., Hoover, W. H., Leonard, H. A., Junkins, L. L., Sniffen, Jr. C. J., & Mailman, R. W. (1983). Effect of dietary concentration of total nonstructural carbohydrates on energy and nitrogen metabolism and milk production of dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science. 66(1), 39-50.
• Mentink, R. L., Hoffman, P. C., & Bauman, L. M. (2006). Utility of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy to predict nutrient composition and in vitro digestibility of total mixed rations. Journal of Dairy Science, 89(6), 2320-2326.
• Muruz, H., & Çelik, C. (2020). Bazı arpa (Hordeum vulgare L.) çeşitlerinin in vitro gaz üretimi, organik madde sindirilebilirliği, besin maddeleri içerikleri ve enerji değerlerinin karşılaştırılması. Anadolu Tarım Bilim. Dergisi, 35, 133-139.
• SAS Institute 1999, SAS V8 User Manual, SAS Cary, NC.
• Tran, H., Salgado, P., Tillard, E., Dardenne, P., Nguyen, X. T., & Lecomte, P. (2010). Global and local predictions of dairy diet nutritional quality using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy, Journal of Dairy Science, 93(10), 4961-4975.
• Usta, M., & Saçaklı, P. (2013). Süt ineklerinin beslenmesinde nişastanın önemi ve düşük nişastalı rasyonlarla besleme stratejileri. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 10(2), 125-133.