Efficaciousness of Sterne 34F-2 strain of Bacillus anthracis vaccine in cattle for anthrax control program in Bangladesh

Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 32 - 38, 30.04.2021

Md. Shahjahan Ali Sarker Md. Ahosanul Haque Shahid K.h.m. Nazmul Hussain Nazır

https://doi.org/10.30704/http-www-jivs-net.869532

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Live spore Sterne 34F-2 strain of Bacillus anthracis vaccine is being used to control anthrax disease in Bangladesh. After produced this vaccine in Livestock Research Institute (LRI) under the Department of Livestock Services (DLS), it is distributed at the farmers level through district and Upazila Livestock Offices. In these distribution pathways, the vaccine has been transported and stored for a few days in each station. The present study was carried out to evaluate the humoral immune response of the anthrax vaccine and to measure the impact of existing transportation and storage systems on immunity status. For that a total of 60 cattle were randomly selected , divided into three groups and used the vaccines collected from three distribution points. Serum samples were collected before and after the 1st month, 4th month, 7th 10th, and 13th month of vaccination respectively the anthrax antibody level in blood were monitored. The optical density was converted to ELISA units (EU) and used to express the antibody level in the vaccinated animals. It was significantly increased above the protection level (1.00) for a year. Before vaccination, the average ELISA unit of serum sample was 0.18± 0.01, after vaccination it was raised above the protective level (1.00) within one month and continued up to a year. In the chi-square test (95% confidence level), there was no significant difference (p<.05) ELISA unit among the three groups that means no impact on vaccine distribution points on the immunity level of the studied animal. The Sterne 34F-2 strain Bacillus anthracis vaccine has been found to be efficacious to protect animals from anthrax in the rural areas and no significant impact on immune response due to existing transportation and storage facilities. 

Keywords

Sterne 34F-2, Bacillus anthracis, ELISA, IgG, community

Supporting Institution

Ministry of Education (MoE), Govt of the people’s republic of Bangladesh

Project Number

Project No: 2018/501/MoE

References

• Beyer, W. and Turnbull, P. (2009). Anthrax in animals. Molecular Aspects of Medicine, 30(6), 481-489.
• Beyer, W. and Turnbull, P. (2009). Anthrax in animals. Molecular Aspects of Medicine, 30(6), 481-489.
• Brey, R. N. (2005). Molecular basis for improved anthrax vaccines. Advanced drug delivery reviews, 57(9), 1266-1292.
• Brey, R. N. (2005). Molecular basis for improved anthrax vaccines. Advanced drug delivery reviews, 57(9), 1266-1292.
• Chakraborty, A., Khan, S. U., Hasnat, M. A., Parveen, S., Islam, M. S., Mikolon, A., ... & Hossain, M. J. (2012). Anthrax outbreaks in Bangladesh, 2009–2010. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 86(4), 703-710.
• Chakraborty, A., Khan, S. U., Hasnat, M. A., Parveen, S., Islam, M. S., Mikolon, A., ... & Hossain, M. J. (2012). Anthrax outbreaks in Bangladesh, 2009–2010. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 86(4), 703-710.
• Coffin, J. L., Monje, F., Asiimwe-Karimu, G., Amuguni, H. J., & Odoch, T. (2015). A One Health, participatory epidemiology assessment of anthrax (Bacillus anthracis) management in Western Uganda. Social Science & Medicine, 129, 44-50.
• Coffin, J. L., Monje, F., Asiimwe-Karimu, G., Amuguni, H. J., & Odoch, T. (2015). A One Health, participatory epidemiology assessment of anthrax (Bacillus anthracis) management in Western Uganda. Social Science & Medicine, 129, 44-50.
• Dipti, M. A. D. H. A. B. I., Rashid, M. M., Ferdoush, M. J., Roy, P., Khan, M. A. H. N. A., & Hossain, M. M. (2013). Morphological and immunological characterization of anthrax vaccine in cattle. Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 11(1), 43-49.
• Dipti, M. A. D. H. A. B. I., Rashid, M. M., Ferdoush, M. J., Roy, P., Khan, M. A. H. N. A., & Hossain, M. M. (2013). Morphological and immunological characterization of anthrax vaccine in cattle. Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 11(1), 43-49.
• DLS. (2019). Livestock Economy at a Glance. Department of Livestock Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh. Available online:http://dls.portal.gov.bd/sites/default/files/files/dls.portal.gov.bd/page/ee5f4621_fa3a_40ac_8bd9_898fb8ee4700/Livestock Economy at a glance %282017-2018%29.pdf
• DLS. (2019). Livestock Economy at a Glance. Department of Livestock Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh. Available online:http://dls.portal.gov.bd/sites/default/files/files/dls.portal.gov.bd/page/ee5f4621_fa3a_40ac_8bd9_898fb8ee4700/Livestock Economy at a glance %282017-2018%29.pdf
• Genorise Scientific, INC, PO Box 70, Glen Mills, PA 19342 USA Web adress: www.genorise.com.
• Genorise Scientific, INC, PO Box 70, Glen Mills, PA 19342 USA Web adress: www.genorise.com.
• Glass, E. J., Oliver, R. A., & Spooner, R. L. (1990). Variation in T cell responses to ovalbumin in cattle: evidence for Ir gene control. Animal genetics, 21(1), 15-28.
• Glass, E. J., Oliver, R. A., & Spooner, R. L. (1990). Variation in T cell responses to ovalbumin in cattle: evidence for Ir gene control. Animal genetics, 21(1), 15-28.
• Hassan, J., Rahman, M. B., Chowdhury, S. M. Z. H., Rabidas, Sand immunological characterization of anthrax spore vaccine in goat. Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 11(2), 151-157..
• Hassan, J., Rahman, M. B., Chowdhury, S. M. Z. H., Rabidas, Sand immunological characterization of anthrax spore vaccine in goat. Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 11(2), 151-157..
• Hugh-Jones, M., & Blackburn, J. (2009). The ecology of Bacillus anthracis. Molecular Aspects of Medicine, 30(6), 356-367.
• Hugh-Jones, M., & Blackburn, J. (2009). The ecology of Bacillus anthracis. Molecular Aspects of Medicine, 30(6), 356-367.
• Huque, K. S., Khanam, J. S., Amanullah, S. M., Huda, N., Bashar, M. K., Vellinga, T., & Hicks, K. (2017). Study on existing livestock manure management practices in Bangladesh. Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology, 1-10.
• Huque, K. S., Khanam, J. S., Amanullah, S. M., Huda, N., Bashar, M. K., Vellinga, T., & Hicks, K. (2017). Study on existing livestock manure management practices in Bangladesh. Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology, 1-10.
• Islam, S. S., Chakma, S., Akhter, A. T., Ibrahim, N., Talukder, F., & Chowdhuary, G. A. (2018). Investigation of animal anthrax outbreaks in the human–animal interface at risky districts of Bangladesh during 2016–2017. Journal of advanced veterinary and animal research, 5(4), 397.
• Islam, S. S., Chakma, S., Akhter, A. T., Ibrahim, N., Talukder, F., & Chowdhuary, G. A. (2018). Investigation of animal anthrax outbreaks in the human–animal interface at risky districts of Bangladesh during 2016–2017. Journal of advanced veterinary and animal research, 5(4), 397.
• Karim, Z., Huque, K. S., Hussain, G., Ali, Z., & Hossain, M. (2010). Growth and development potential of livestock and fisheries in Bangladesh. Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh.
• Karim, Z., Huque, K. S., Hussain, G., Ali, Z., & Hossain, M. (2010). Growth and development potential of livestock and fisheries in Bangladesh. Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh.
• Koolhaas, J. M. (2008). Coping style and immunity in animals: making sense of individual variation. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 22(5), 662-667.
• Koolhaas, J. M. (2008). Coping style and immunity in animals: making sense of individual variation. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 22(5), 662-667.
• Laxmi, U., Chaturvedi, V., Gupta, P., Sunita, S., Sumithra, T. (2016). Morphological and Physio-Chemical Characteristics of an Isolate of Bacillus anthracis (IVRI Strain). Journal of Veterinary and Public Health, 14, 13-18.
• Laxmi, U., Chaturvedi, V., Gupta, P., Sunita, S., Sumithra, T. (2016). Morphological and Physio-Chemical Characteristics of an Isolate of Bacillus anthracis (IVRI Strain). Journal of Veterinary and Public Health, 14, 13-18.
• Lembo, T., Hampson, K., Auty, H., Beesley, C. A., Bessell, P., Packer, C., ... & Cleaveland, S. (2011). Serologic surveillance of anthrax in the Serengeti ecosystem, Tanzania, 1996–2009. Emerging infectious diseases, 17(3), 387.
• Lembo, T., Hampson, K., Auty, H., Beesley, C. A., Bessell, P., Packer, C., ... & Cleaveland, S. (2011). Serologic surveillance of anthrax in the Serengeti ecosystem, Tanzania, 1996–2009. Emerging infectious diseases, 17(3), 387.
• Moazeni, J. G. R., Jabari, A., Vahedi, D. F. (2007). Determination of anthrax foci through isolation of Bacillus anthracis form soil samples of different regions of Iran. Archives of Razi Institute,62(1),23-30.
• Moazeni, J. G. R., Jabari, A., Vahedi, D. F. (2007). Determination of anthrax foci through isolation of Bacillus anthracis form soil samples of different regions of Iran. Archives of Razi Institute,62(1),23-30.
• Mondal, S. P., & Yamage, M. (2014). A retrospective study on the epidemiology of anthrax, foot and mouth disease, haemorrhagic septicaemia, peste des petits ruminants and rabies in Bangladesh, 2010-2012. PloS one, 9(8), e104435.
• Mondal, S. P., & Yamage, M. (2014). A retrospective study on the epidemiology of anthrax, foot and mouth disease, haemorrhagic septicaemia, peste des petits ruminants and rabies in Bangladesh, 2010-2012. PloS one, 9(8), e104435.
• Petroff, M. G., Mark Coggeshall, K., Jones, L. S., & Pate, J. L. (1997). Bovine luteal cells elicit major histocompatibility complex class II-dependent T-cell proliferation. Biology of reproduction, 57(4), 887-893.
• Petroff, M. G., Mark Coggeshall, K., Jones, L. S., & Pate, J. L. (1997). Bovine luteal cells elicit major histocompatibility complex class II-dependent T-cell proliferation. Biology of reproduction, 57(4), 887-893.
• Rahman, S., Begum, I. A., & Alam, M. J. (2014). Livestock in Bangladesh: distribution, growth, performance and potential. Livestock Research and Rural Development, 26, 233-238.
• Rahman, S., Begum, I. A., & Alam, M. J. (2014). Livestock in Bangladesh: distribution, growth, performance and potential. Livestock Research and Rural Development, 26, 233-238.
• Reuveny, S., White, M. D., Adar, Y. Y., Kafri, Y., Altboum, Z., Gozes, Y., Kobiler, D., Shafferman, A., & Velan, B. (2001). Search for correlates of protective immunity conferred by anthrax vaccine. Infection and Immunity, 69(5), 2888-2893.
• Reuveny, S., White, M. D., Adar, Y. Y., Kafri, Y., Altboum, Z., Gozes, Y., Kobiler, D., Shafferman, A., & Velan, B. (2001). Search for correlates of protective immunity conferred by anthrax vaccine. Infection and Immunity, 69(5), 2888-2893.
• Roy, P. R., Rashid, M. M., Ferdoush, M. J., Dipti, M., Chowdury, M. G. A., Mostofa, M. G.,& Hossain, M. M. (2013). Biochemical and immunological characterization of anthrax spore vaccine in goat. Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 11(2), 151-157.
• Roy, P. R., Rashid, M. M., Ferdoush, M. J., Dipti, M., Chowdury, M. G. A., Mostofa, M. G.,& Hossain, M. M. (2013). Biochemical and immunological characterization of anthrax spore vaccine in goat. Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 11(2), 151-157.
• Saadullah, M. (2002). Smallholder dairy production and marketing in Bangladesh. Smallholder dairy production and marketing-Opportunities and constraints. Nairobi, Kenya: NDDB (National Dairy Development Board) and ILRI (International Livestock Research Institute), 7-21.
• Saadullah, M. (2002). Smallholder dairy production and marketing in Bangladesh. Smallholder dairy production and marketing-Opportunities and constraints. Nairobi, Kenya: NDDB (National Dairy Development Board) and ILRI (International Livestock Research Institute), 7-21.
• Saile, E., & Koehler, T. M. (2006). Bacillus anthracis multiplication, persistence, and genetic exchange in the rhizosphere of grass plants. Applied and Environmental microbiology, 72(5), 3168-3174.
• Saile, E., & Koehler, T. M. (2006). Bacillus anthracis multiplication, persistence, and genetic exchange in the rhizosphere of grass plants. Applied and Environmental microbiology, 72(5), 3168-3174.
• Sarkar, S., Hossain, M. M., & Amin, M. R. (2013). Socio-economic status of buffalo farmers and the management practices of buffaloes in selected areas of Bagerhat District of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Journal of Animal Science, 42(2), 158-164.
• Sarkar, S., Hossain, M. M., & Amin, M. R. (2013). Socio-economic status of buffalo farmers and the management practices of buffaloes in selected areas of Bagerhat District of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Journal of Animal Science, 42(2), 158-164.
• Shafazand, S., Doyle, R., Ruoss, S., Weinacker, A., & Raffin, T. A. (1999). Inhalational anthrax: epidemiology, diagnosis, and management. Chest, 116(5), 1369-1376.
• Shafazand, S., Doyle, R., Ruoss, S., Weinacker, A., & Raffin, T. A. (1999). Inhalational anthrax: epidemiology, diagnosis, and management. Chest, 116(5), 1369-1376.
• Shiferaw, G. (2004). Anthrax in Wabessa village in the Dessie Zuria district of Ethiopia. Revue Scientifique et Technique-Office International des Epizooties, 23(3), 951-956.
• Shiferaw, G. (2004). Anthrax in Wabessa village in the Dessie Zuria district of Ethiopia. Revue Scientifique et Technique-Office International des Epizooties, 23(3), 951-956.
• Siamudaala, V. M., Bwalya, J. M., Munang'andu, H. M., Sinyangwe, P. G., Banda, F., Mweene, A. S., ... & Kida, H. (2006). Ecology and epidemiology of anthrax in cattle and humans in Zambia. Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research, 54(1), 15-23.
• Siamudaala, V. M., Bwalya, J. M., Munang'andu, H. M., Sinyangwe, P. G., Banda, F., Mweene, A. S., ... & Kida, H. (2006). Ecology and epidemiology of anthrax in cattle and humans in Zambia. Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research, 54(1), 15-23.
• Silvestri, E. E., Perkins, S. D., Feldhake, D., Nichols, T., & Schaefer, F. W. (2015). Recent literature review of soil processing methods for recovery of Bacillus anthracis spores. Annals of microbiology, 65(3), 1215-1226.
• Silvestri, E. E., Perkins, S. D., Feldhake, D., Nichols, T., & Schaefer, F. W. (2015). Recent literature review of soil processing methods for recovery of Bacillus anthracis spores. Annals of microbiology, 65(3), 1215-1226.
• Swartz, M. N. (2001). Recognition and management of anthrax—an update. New England Journal of Medicine, 345(22), 1621-1626.
• Swartz, M. N. (2001). Recognition and management of anthrax—an update. New England Journal of Medicine, 345(22), 1621-1626.
• Thapa, N. K., Tenzin, K. W., Tshering Dorji, M., Dorjee, J., Marston, C. K., & Hoffmaster, A. R. (2014). Investigation and control of anthrax outbreak at the human–animal interface, Bhutan, 2010. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 20(9), 1524.
• Thapa, N. K., Tenzin, K. W., Tshering Dorji, M., Dorjee, J., Marston, C. K., & Hoffmaster, A. R. (2014). Investigation and control of anthrax outbreak at the human–animal interface, Bhutan, 2010. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 20(9), 1524.
• Turnbull, P. C. B., Doganay, M. E. H. M. E. T., Lindeque, P. M., Aygen, B. İ. L. G. E. H. A. N., & McLaughlin, J. (1992). Serology and anthrax in humans, livestock and Etosha National Park wildlife. Epidemiology and Infection, 108(2), 299-313.
• Turnbull, P. C. B., Doganay, M. E. H. M. E. T., Lindeque, P. M., Aygen, B. İ. L. G. E. H. A. N., & McLaughlin, J. (1992). Serology and anthrax in humans, livestock and Etosha National Park wildlife. Epidemiology and Infection, 108(2), 299-313.
• Turnbull, P. C. (1998). Organization, World.Health. Guidelines for the surveillance and control of anthrax in humans and animals, WHO, Department of Communicable Diseases Surveillance.
• Turnbull, P. C. (1998). Organization, World.Health. Guidelines for the surveillance and control of anthrax in humans and animals, WHO, Department of Communicable Diseases Surveillance.
• Xu, L., & Frucht, D. M. (2007). Bacillus anthracis: a multi-faceted role for anthrax lethal toxin in thwarting host immune defenses. International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, 39(1), 20-24.
• Xu, L., & Frucht, D. M. (2007). Bacillus anthracis: a multi-faceted role for anthrax lethal toxin in thwarting host immune defenses. International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, 39(1), 20-24.
• WHO. (2008). Anthrax in humans and animals. 4th Edition. Retrived from: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/97503/9789241547536_eng.pdf
• WHO. (2008). Anthrax in humans and animals. 4th Edition. Retrived from: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/97503/9789241547536_eng.pdf