Research Article

Simultaneous Quantification of Multi-Class Antimicrobials in Chicken Kidney and Liver by New Validated UPLC-MS/MS Method

Volume: 45 Number: 1 March 1, 2025
EN

Simultaneous Quantification of Multi-Class Antimicrobials in Chicken Kidney and Liver by New Validated UPLC-MS/MS Method

Abstract

A novel and significant method was developed and validated with a sensitive, rapid, and simultaneous analytical method to determine antimicrobials in chicken tissues such as the kidney and liver. The process involved a unique approach to precipitation extraction. This method has not been widely used in this context, followed by the evaporation of the supernatant and reconstitution with the mobile phase. Antimicrobials, including Azithromycin, Clarithromycin, Erythromycin, Clavulanic acid, Ciprofloxacin, Clofazimine, Fluconazole, Linezolid, and Moxifloxacin were meticulously considered for development and validation in the chicken tissues. These antimicrobials were chosen based on their everyday use in poultry farming and their potential impact on human health. We used Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography with triple quad Mass Spectrometry and employed multiple reaction monitoring to detect the analytes of interest. All the compounds were well separated using Atlantis T3, 4.6x50mm, 3 μm. The linear range was set between 25 to 1000 ng/gm. The method was validated following linearity, extraction recovery, matrix effect impact, limit of detection, sensitivity, autosampler and benchtop stability, ensuring the results’ reliability and our method’s robustness.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Foundation for Neglected Disease Research

Project Number

NA

Ethical Statement

This research work does not require any animal ethical committee Approval since there is no experimental animals were used in this research work of current manuscript

Thanks

Vignan’s Foundation for Science Technology and Research

References

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  2. 2. Amit Khurana, Antibiotics in Chicken. [cited November 2024]. Available from: https://www.cseindia.org/latest-studyby- cses-pollution-monitoring-lab-finds-antibiotic-residues-inchicken- 8498.
  3. 3. Abdelshakour MA, Mostafa AE, Hadad GM, Hamed DM, El- Darder OM, El-Gindy A, et al. Experimental design assisted HPLC/UV and LC-MS/MS for simultaneous determination of selected veterinary antibiotics in broiler chicken. Separations. 2022;9(12):427. https://doi.org/10.3390/separations9120427
  4. 4. Chicken antibiotics: why are antibiotics given to chickens? The Human League. [cited November 2024]. Available from: https://thehumaneleague.org/article/chicken-antibiotics.
  5. 5. Gray P, Jenner R, Norris J, Page S, Browning G. Antimicrobial prescribing guidelines for poultry. Aust Vet J. 2021;99(6):181. https://doi.org/10.1111/avj.13034.
  6. 6. Susan K. Urahn, Allan Coukell, Sandra Eskin, and Karin Hoelzer, The National Residue Program for Meat, Poultry, and Egg Products, A report from the Pew Charitable Trust. [cited November 2024] Available from: https://www.pewtrusts.org/-/ media/assets/2016/03/the_national_residue_program_for_ meat_poultry_and_egg_products.pdf.
  7. 7. Directorate-General for Health and Food Safety, Control plans for residues of veterinary medicines, pesticides and contaminants, Guidelines on EU requirements for entry of animals and products of animal origin, 2024. [cited November 2024] Available from: https://food.ec.europa.eu/document/download/ a2661e60-c1cc-4b0f-98bc-ee5edcf17c9c_en.
  8. 8. Animal product residue monitoring. [cited November 2024] Available form: https://www.agriculture.gov.au/agricultureland/ farm-food-drought/food/nrs/animal-residue-monitoring.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

March 1, 2025

Submission Date

December 16, 2024

Acceptance Date

February 21, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 45 Number: 1

APA
S, S. S., Konidala, S. K., Narayanan, S., & Rk, S. (2025). Simultaneous Quantification of Multi-Class Antimicrobials in Chicken Kidney and Liver by New Validated UPLC-MS/MS Method. Hacettepe University Journal of the Faculty of Pharmacy, 45(1), 30-42. https://doi.org/10.52794/hujpharm.1599484
AMA
1.S SS, Konidala SK, Narayanan S, Rk S. Simultaneous Quantification of Multi-Class Antimicrobials in Chicken Kidney and Liver by New Validated UPLC-MS/MS Method. HUJPHARM. 2025;45(1):30-42. doi:10.52794/hujpharm.1599484
Chicago
S, Siva Shanmugam, Sathish Kumar Konidala, Shridhar Narayanan, and Shandil Rk. 2025. “Simultaneous Quantification of Multi-Class Antimicrobials in Chicken Kidney and Liver by New Validated UPLC-MS MS Method”. Hacettepe University Journal of the Faculty of Pharmacy 45 (1): 30-42. https://doi.org/10.52794/hujpharm.1599484.
EndNote
S SS, Konidala SK, Narayanan S, Rk S (March 1, 2025) Simultaneous Quantification of Multi-Class Antimicrobials in Chicken Kidney and Liver by New Validated UPLC-MS/MS Method. Hacettepe University Journal of the Faculty of Pharmacy 45 1 30–42.
IEEE
[1]S. S. S, S. K. Konidala, S. Narayanan, and S. Rk, “Simultaneous Quantification of Multi-Class Antimicrobials in Chicken Kidney and Liver by New Validated UPLC-MS/MS Method”, HUJPHARM, vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 30–42, Mar. 2025, doi: 10.52794/hujpharm.1599484.
ISNAD
S, Siva Shanmugam - Konidala, Sathish Kumar - Narayanan, Shridhar - Rk, Shandil. “Simultaneous Quantification of Multi-Class Antimicrobials in Chicken Kidney and Liver by New Validated UPLC-MS MS Method”. Hacettepe University Journal of the Faculty of Pharmacy 45/1 (March 1, 2025): 30-42. https://doi.org/10.52794/hujpharm.1599484.
JAMA
1.S SS, Konidala SK, Narayanan S, Rk S. Simultaneous Quantification of Multi-Class Antimicrobials in Chicken Kidney and Liver by New Validated UPLC-MS/MS Method. HUJPHARM. 2025;45:30–42.
MLA
S, Siva Shanmugam, et al. “Simultaneous Quantification of Multi-Class Antimicrobials in Chicken Kidney and Liver by New Validated UPLC-MS MS Method”. Hacettepe University Journal of the Faculty of Pharmacy, vol. 45, no. 1, Mar. 2025, pp. 30-42, doi:10.52794/hujpharm.1599484.
Vancouver
1.Siva Shanmugam S, Sathish Kumar Konidala, Shridhar Narayanan, Shandil Rk. Simultaneous Quantification of Multi-Class Antimicrobials in Chicken Kidney and Liver by New Validated UPLC-MS/MS Method. HUJPHARM. 2025 Mar. 1;45(1):30-42. doi:10.52794/hujpharm.1599484