Endokrin Bozucu Kimyasal Maddeler ve Tiroid Üzerine Etkileri: Poliklorlu Bifeniller, Ftalat ve Bisfenol A

Year 2015, Issue: 1, 1 - 19, 01.01.2015

Ünzile Yaman Pınar Erkekoğlu Belma Koçer Gümüşel

Abstract

Günümüzde başta gelişmiş ülkelerde olmak üzere endokrin bozucu kimyasal maddelere maruziyet oldukça yüksektir. Özellikle son 50 yılda artan tiroid hastalıkları prevalansı ile poliklorlu bifeniller, ftalatlar ve bisfenol A’ya yüksek miktarlarda temas arasında bir ilişkinin olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu kimyasal maddelere maruziyet sonucunda tiroid yapısında, tiroid hormonlarında ve tiroid ile ilgili genlerde bazı değişiklikler meydana gelebileceği tanımsal ve mekanistik çalışmalar ile hem in vivo, hem de in vitro olarak incelenmiştir. İnsan verileri sınırlı olmakla birlikte, yapılan çalışmaların sonuçları bu maddelerin insanda da tiroid hormon analoğu gibi davranabileceğini veya tiroid reseptörlerine bağlanarak tiroid hormon sinyal yolaklarını bozabileceğini göstermektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı, endokrin bozucu kimyasal maddelerin tiroid üzerindeki olası etkilerini ve bu konuda yapılan hayvan ve insan çalışmalarını değerlendirmektir.

Keywords

poliklorlu bifeniller, ftalat, bisfenol A, tiroid, endokrin bozucu kimyasal

The Effects Of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals On Thyroid: Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Phthalate And Bisphenol A

Abstract

Today, exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals is abundantly high, particularly in developed countries. The observations indicate a high correlation between the increasing prevalence of thyroid diseases and exposure to high concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls, phthalates and bisphenol A in the last 50 years. Exposure to those chemicals were found to alter thyroid structure, thyroid hormones and thyroid-related genes in in vivo and in vitro descriptive and mechanistic studies. Though human data are limited, the results of the conducted studies suggest that these substances act like thyroid analogues or bind to thyroid receptors and disrupt thyroid hormone signaling pathways. The aim of this review is to evaluate the possible effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals on thyroid and to discuss the results of animal and human studies.

Keywords

polychlorinated biphenyls, phthalate, bisphenol A, thyroid, endocrine disrupting chemical

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