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The Effect of Fermented Soybean Extract Supplementation on Pro Inflammatory Cytokines among Rattus Norvegicus Infected by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

Year 2022, Volume: 42 Issue: 3, 156 - 164, 01.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.52794/hujpharm.1045534

Abstract

Objective of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of extract tempeh sup- plement on proinflammatory cytokines profile in Wistar rats infected by the en- dotracheal route with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The study design was a rand- omized, post-test only, control group. The ethanolic extract tempeh supplement at concentrations of 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg body weight were orally administered daily for 14 consecutive days to three experimental groups. The control group received carboxymethyl cellulose sodium. Another group was to be sacrificed to confirm the development of active pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) infection using histopathological evaluation. Serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-al- pha (TNF-α), interferon gamma (INF-ɣ), and interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-12 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. There were no significant differences in the levels of TNF-α, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-2 at all concentrations compared to control group. At the concentration of 800 mg/kg body weight supplementation, the level of IFN-ɣ was significantly lower than control (p = 0.0047). In the animal model of tuberculosis, the study showed that supplementation with different concentrations of ethanolic tempeh extract had no significant impact on proinflammatory cytokines. 

Thanks

The authors thank University of Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya for supporting this research. The authors are also thankful to The Directorate General of Higher Education (DIKTI) of Indonesia which has supported this study through a basic research grant for the university.

References

  • 1.Huddart S, Bossuroy T, Pona V, Baral S, Pal M, Delavallade C: Knowledge about tuberculosis and infection prevention behavior: A nine city longitudinal study from India. PLOS One 2018, 13:e0206245.
  • 2.Sasindran SJ, Torrelles JB: Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and inflammation: what is beneficial for the host and for the bacterium? Frontiers Microbiology 2011, 2:2.
  • 3.Zaman K: Tuberculosis: A global health problem. Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition 2010, 28(2):111-113.
  • 4.World Health Organization. Global tuberculosis report 2017. World Health Organization, Geneva; 2017. Available from: https://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/gtbr2017_-main_text.pdf?ua=1. [website]
  • 5.Rosenkrands I, Slayden RA, Crawford J, Aagaard C, Barry CE, Andersen P: Hypoxic response of Mycobacterium tuberculosis studied by metabolic labeling and proteome analysis of cellular and extracellular proteins. Journal of Bacteriology 2002, 184(13):3485-3491.
  • 6.Nicod LP: Immunology of tuberculosis. Swiss Medical Weekly 2007, 137:357-362.
  • 7.Knechel NA: Tuberculosis: pathophysiology, clinical features, and diagnosis. Critical Care Nurse 2009, 29(2):34-43.
  • 8.Ahmad S: Pathogenesis, immunology, and diagnosis of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Journal of Immunology Research 2011, 2011:1-17.
  • 9.Dempers J, Sens MA, Wadee SA, Kinney HC, Odendaal HJ, Wright CA: Progressive primary pulmonary tuberculosis presenting as the sudden unexpected death in infancy. Forensic Science International 2011, 206(1-3):e27-e30.
  • 10.Ünsal E, Aksaray S, Köksal D, Şipit T: Potential role of interleukin 6 in reactive thrombocytosis and acute phase response in pulmonary tuberculosis. Postgraduate Medical Journal 2005, 81(959):604-607.
  • 11.Raja A: Immunology of tuberculosis. The Indian Journal of Medical Research 2004, 120(4):213-232.
  • 12.Allie N, Grivennikov SI, Keeton R, Hsu NJ, Bourigault ML, Court N, Fremond C, Yeremeev V, Shebzukhov Y Ryffel, B Nedospasov SA, Quesniaux VFJ, Jacobs M: Prominent role for T cell-derived Tumour Necrosis Factor for sustained control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Scientific Report 2013, 3:1809.
  • 13.Medjakovic S, Mueller M, Jungbauer A: Potential health-modulating effects of isoflavones and metabolites via activation of PPAR and AhR. Nutrients 2010, 2(3):241-279.
  • 14.Mueller M, Hobiger S, Jungbauer A: Red clover extract: a source for substances that activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α and ameliorate the cytokine secretion profile of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages. Menopause 2010, 17(2):379-387.
  • 15.Yu J, Bi X, Yu B, Chen D: Isoflavones: Anti-inflammatory benefit and possible caveats. Nutrients 2016, 8(6):361.
  • 16.Wu SH, Shu XO, Chow WH, Xiang YB, Zhang X, Li HL, Cai Q, Ji BT, Cai H, Rothman N, Gao YT, Zheng W, Yang G: Soy food intake and circulating levels of inflammatory markers in Chinese women. Journal of Academy of Nutritions and Dietetics 2012, 112(7):996-1004.
  • 17.Budhi S: The effect of fermented soybean (tempeh) supplementation among active pulmonary tuberculosis patients with standard therapy in Indonesia. Dissertation. Faculty of Agricultural, Nutritional Sciences and Environmental Management, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany, 2016.
  • 18.Chung H, Ji X, Canning C, Sun S, Zhou K: Comparison of different strategies for soybean antioxidant extraction. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2010, 58(7):4508-4512.
  • 19.Murphy PA, Barua K, Hauck CC: Solvent extraction selection in the determination of isoflavones in soy foods. Journal of Chromatography. B, Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences 2002, 777(1-2):129-138.
  • 20.Zhan L, Tang J, Sun M, Qin C: Animal models for tuberculosis in translational and precision medicine. Frontiers in Microbiology 2017, 8:717.
  • 21.Singhal A, Aliouat el M, Hervé M, Mathys V, Kiass M, Creusy C, Delaire B, Tsenova L, Fleurisse L, Bertout J, Camacho L, Foo D, Tay HC, Siew JY, Boukhouchi W, Romano M, Mathema B, Dartois V, Kaplan G, Bifani P: Experimental tuberculosis in the Wistar rat: a model for protective immunity and control of infection. PLoS One. 2011, 6(4):e18632.
  • 22.Bintari SH, Putriningtyas ND, Nugraheni K, Widyastiti NS, Dharmana E, Johan A: Comparative effect of tempe and soymilk on fasting blood glucose, insulin level and pancreatic beta cell expression (study on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats). Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 2015, 14(4):239-246.
  • 23.Panneerselvam S, Packirisamy RM, Bobby Z, Sridhar MG: Protective effect of soy isoflavones (from Glycine max) on adipose tissue oxidative stress and inflammatory response in an experimental model of postmenopausal obesity: the molecular mechanisms. Biochemistry and Analytical Biochemistry 2016, 5(2):1-7.
  • 24.Mohammadshahi M, Haidari F, Saei AA, Rashidi B, Mahboob S, Rashidi MR: Soy protein, genistein, and daidzein improve serum paraoxonase activity and lipid profiles in rheumatoid arthritis in rats. Journal of Medicinal Food 2013, 16(2):147-154.
  • 25.Kao TH, Wu WM, Hung CF, Wu WB, Chen BH: Anti-inflammatory effects of isoflavone powder produced from soybean cake. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2008, 55(26):11068-11079.
  • 26.Lesinski GB, Reville PK, Mace TA, Young GS, Ahn-Jarvis J, Thomas-Ahner J, Vodovotz Y, Ameen Z, Grainger E, Riedl K, Schwartz S, Clinton SK: Consumption of soy isoflavone enriched bread in men with prostate cancer is associated with reduced proinflammatory cytokines and immunosuppressive cells. Cancer Prevention Research 2015, 8(11):1036-1044.
  • 27.Jenkins DJA, Kendall CWC, Connelly PW, Jackson C-JC, Parker T, Faulkner D, Vidgen E: Effects of high-and low-isoflavone (phytoestrogen) soy foods on inflammatory biomarkers and proinflammatory cytokines in middle-aged men and women. Metabolism 2002, 51(7):919-924.
  • 28.Beavers KM, Jonnalagadda SS, Messina MJ: Soy consumption, adhesion molecules, and proinflammatory cytokines: a brief review of the literature. Nutrition Reviews 2009, 67(4):213-221.
  • 29.Azadbakht L, Kimiagar M, Mehrabi Y, Esmaillzadeh A, Hu FB, Willett WC: Soy consumption, markers of inflammation, and endothelial function: a cross-over study in postmenopausal women with the metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Care 2007, 30(4):967-973.

The Effect of Fermented Soybean Extract Supplementation on Pro Inflammatory Cytokines among Rattus Norvegicus Infected by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

Year 2022, Volume: 42 Issue: 3, 156 - 164, 01.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.52794/hujpharm.1045534

Abstract

Objective of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of extract tempeh sup- plement on proinflammatory cytokines profile in Wistar rats infected by the en- dotracheal route with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The study design was a rand- omized, post-test only, control group. The ethanolic extract tempeh supplement at concentrations of 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg body weight were orally administered daily for 14 consecutive days to three experimental groups. The control group received carboxymethyl cellulose sodium. Another group was to be sacrificed to confirm the development of active pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) infection using histopathological evaluation. Serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-al- pha (TNF-α), interferon gamma (INF-ɣ), and interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-12 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. There were no significant differences in the levels of TNF-α, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-2 at all concentrations compared to control group. At the concentration of 800 mg/kg body weight supplementation, the level of IFN-ɣ was significantly lower than control (p = 0.0047). In the animal model of tuberculosis, the study showed that supplementation with different concentrations of ethanolic tempeh extract had no significant impact on proinflammatory cytokines. 

References

  • 1.Huddart S, Bossuroy T, Pona V, Baral S, Pal M, Delavallade C: Knowledge about tuberculosis and infection prevention behavior: A nine city longitudinal study from India. PLOS One 2018, 13:e0206245.
  • 2.Sasindran SJ, Torrelles JB: Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and inflammation: what is beneficial for the host and for the bacterium? Frontiers Microbiology 2011, 2:2.
  • 3.Zaman K: Tuberculosis: A global health problem. Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition 2010, 28(2):111-113.
  • 4.World Health Organization. Global tuberculosis report 2017. World Health Organization, Geneva; 2017. Available from: https://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/gtbr2017_-main_text.pdf?ua=1. [website]
  • 5.Rosenkrands I, Slayden RA, Crawford J, Aagaard C, Barry CE, Andersen P: Hypoxic response of Mycobacterium tuberculosis studied by metabolic labeling and proteome analysis of cellular and extracellular proteins. Journal of Bacteriology 2002, 184(13):3485-3491.
  • 6.Nicod LP: Immunology of tuberculosis. Swiss Medical Weekly 2007, 137:357-362.
  • 7.Knechel NA: Tuberculosis: pathophysiology, clinical features, and diagnosis. Critical Care Nurse 2009, 29(2):34-43.
  • 8.Ahmad S: Pathogenesis, immunology, and diagnosis of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Journal of Immunology Research 2011, 2011:1-17.
  • 9.Dempers J, Sens MA, Wadee SA, Kinney HC, Odendaal HJ, Wright CA: Progressive primary pulmonary tuberculosis presenting as the sudden unexpected death in infancy. Forensic Science International 2011, 206(1-3):e27-e30.
  • 10.Ünsal E, Aksaray S, Köksal D, Şipit T: Potential role of interleukin 6 in reactive thrombocytosis and acute phase response in pulmonary tuberculosis. Postgraduate Medical Journal 2005, 81(959):604-607.
  • 11.Raja A: Immunology of tuberculosis. The Indian Journal of Medical Research 2004, 120(4):213-232.
  • 12.Allie N, Grivennikov SI, Keeton R, Hsu NJ, Bourigault ML, Court N, Fremond C, Yeremeev V, Shebzukhov Y Ryffel, B Nedospasov SA, Quesniaux VFJ, Jacobs M: Prominent role for T cell-derived Tumour Necrosis Factor for sustained control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Scientific Report 2013, 3:1809.
  • 13.Medjakovic S, Mueller M, Jungbauer A: Potential health-modulating effects of isoflavones and metabolites via activation of PPAR and AhR. Nutrients 2010, 2(3):241-279.
  • 14.Mueller M, Hobiger S, Jungbauer A: Red clover extract: a source for substances that activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α and ameliorate the cytokine secretion profile of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages. Menopause 2010, 17(2):379-387.
  • 15.Yu J, Bi X, Yu B, Chen D: Isoflavones: Anti-inflammatory benefit and possible caveats. Nutrients 2016, 8(6):361.
  • 16.Wu SH, Shu XO, Chow WH, Xiang YB, Zhang X, Li HL, Cai Q, Ji BT, Cai H, Rothman N, Gao YT, Zheng W, Yang G: Soy food intake and circulating levels of inflammatory markers in Chinese women. Journal of Academy of Nutritions and Dietetics 2012, 112(7):996-1004.
  • 17.Budhi S: The effect of fermented soybean (tempeh) supplementation among active pulmonary tuberculosis patients with standard therapy in Indonesia. Dissertation. Faculty of Agricultural, Nutritional Sciences and Environmental Management, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany, 2016.
  • 18.Chung H, Ji X, Canning C, Sun S, Zhou K: Comparison of different strategies for soybean antioxidant extraction. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2010, 58(7):4508-4512.
  • 19.Murphy PA, Barua K, Hauck CC: Solvent extraction selection in the determination of isoflavones in soy foods. Journal of Chromatography. B, Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences 2002, 777(1-2):129-138.
  • 20.Zhan L, Tang J, Sun M, Qin C: Animal models for tuberculosis in translational and precision medicine. Frontiers in Microbiology 2017, 8:717.
  • 21.Singhal A, Aliouat el M, Hervé M, Mathys V, Kiass M, Creusy C, Delaire B, Tsenova L, Fleurisse L, Bertout J, Camacho L, Foo D, Tay HC, Siew JY, Boukhouchi W, Romano M, Mathema B, Dartois V, Kaplan G, Bifani P: Experimental tuberculosis in the Wistar rat: a model for protective immunity and control of infection. PLoS One. 2011, 6(4):e18632.
  • 22.Bintari SH, Putriningtyas ND, Nugraheni K, Widyastiti NS, Dharmana E, Johan A: Comparative effect of tempe and soymilk on fasting blood glucose, insulin level and pancreatic beta cell expression (study on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats). Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 2015, 14(4):239-246.
  • 23.Panneerselvam S, Packirisamy RM, Bobby Z, Sridhar MG: Protective effect of soy isoflavones (from Glycine max) on adipose tissue oxidative stress and inflammatory response in an experimental model of postmenopausal obesity: the molecular mechanisms. Biochemistry and Analytical Biochemistry 2016, 5(2):1-7.
  • 24.Mohammadshahi M, Haidari F, Saei AA, Rashidi B, Mahboob S, Rashidi MR: Soy protein, genistein, and daidzein improve serum paraoxonase activity and lipid profiles in rheumatoid arthritis in rats. Journal of Medicinal Food 2013, 16(2):147-154.
  • 25.Kao TH, Wu WM, Hung CF, Wu WB, Chen BH: Anti-inflammatory effects of isoflavone powder produced from soybean cake. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2008, 55(26):11068-11079.
  • 26.Lesinski GB, Reville PK, Mace TA, Young GS, Ahn-Jarvis J, Thomas-Ahner J, Vodovotz Y, Ameen Z, Grainger E, Riedl K, Schwartz S, Clinton SK: Consumption of soy isoflavone enriched bread in men with prostate cancer is associated with reduced proinflammatory cytokines and immunosuppressive cells. Cancer Prevention Research 2015, 8(11):1036-1044.
  • 27.Jenkins DJA, Kendall CWC, Connelly PW, Jackson C-JC, Parker T, Faulkner D, Vidgen E: Effects of high-and low-isoflavone (phytoestrogen) soy foods on inflammatory biomarkers and proinflammatory cytokines in middle-aged men and women. Metabolism 2002, 51(7):919-924.
  • 28.Beavers KM, Jonnalagadda SS, Messina MJ: Soy consumption, adhesion molecules, and proinflammatory cytokines: a brief review of the literature. Nutrition Reviews 2009, 67(4):213-221.
  • 29.Azadbakht L, Kimiagar M, Mehrabi Y, Esmaillzadeh A, Hu FB, Willett WC: Soy consumption, markers of inflammation, and endothelial function: a cross-over study in postmenopausal women with the metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Care 2007, 30(4):967-973.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Lusiani Tjandra

Budhi Setiawan

Kartika Ishartadiati

Sri Utami

Publication Date September 1, 2022
Acceptance Date August 16, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 42 Issue: 3

Cite

Vancouver Tjandra L, Setiawan B, Ishartadiati K, Utami S. The Effect of Fermented Soybean Extract Supplementation on Pro Inflammatory Cytokines among Rattus Norvegicus Infected by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. HUJPHARM. 2022;42(3):156-64.