Multipl Skleroz Tedavisinde Nanotaşıyıcı Sistemlerin Uygulanması

Year 2024, Volume: 44 Issue: 2, 182 - 197, 01.06.2024

Nihat Kurt Sibel Bozdağ Pehlivan Levent Öner

https://doi.org/10.52794/hujpharm.1397361

Abstract

Nörodejeneratif hastalıklar arasında kompleks bir immünopatolojiye sahip olan Multipl Skleroz (MS)’un tedavisinde birçok faktörün dikkate alınması gerekmektedir. Bu çok faktörlü hastalıktaki klinik bulgular miyelin kaybının ilerlemesine, enflamasyonun evresine, aksonların durumuna ve oligodendrosit öncü hücrelerinin aktivitesine bağlıdır. Uzun yıllardır süregelen yoğun çalışmalara rağmen hastalığın çok
faktörlü oluşu ve kan-beyin engeli (KBE) gibi ilaçların beyne ulaşmasını engelleyen yapılar nedeniyle henüz kesin bir tedavi bulunamamıştır. Bu durum, bilim insanlarını yeni yaklaşımlar aramaya yönlendirmiştir. Yapılan araştırmalarda genellikle nanotaşıyıcı olarak adlandırılan nano boyuttaki farmasötik taşıyıcıların MS’nin yalnızca teşhisinde değil aynı zamanda tedavisinde de rolüstlenebileceğini göstermiştir. MS’nin tedavisi için klinik öncesi in vitro ve in vivo çalışmalarla başarılı olduğu gösterilen bu sistemlerin klinik uygulamaya geçiş yapabilmesi için çalışmalar yoğun bir şekilde devam etmektedir. Bu derlemede MS tedavisine yönelik nanotaşıyıcılar konusunda literatürde yer alan en güncel gelişmeler değerlendirilmiştir.

Keywords

Multipl Skleroz, kan-beyin engeli, ilaç taşıyıcı sistem, nanotaşıyıcı, nanopartikül

Ethical Statement

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Supporting Institution

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Project Number

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Thanks

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Application of Nanocarrier Systems in the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis

Abstract

Numerous factors need to be taken into consideration in the treatment of Multiple Sclerosis (MS), which has a complex immunopathology among neurodegenerative diseases. Clinical findings in this multifactorial disease depend on the progression of myelin loss, the stage of inflammation, the status of axons, and the activity of oligodendrocyte precursor cells. Despite intensive studies for many years, a definitive treatment has yet to be found due to the multifactorial nature of the disease and structures, such as the blood-brain barrier (BBB) that prevents drugs from reaching the brain. This situation has led scientists to search for new approaches. Studies have shown that nanosized pharmaceutical carriers, often called nanocarriers, might play a role not only in the diagnosis but also in the treatment of MS. Studies are continuing intensively to transition these systems, which have been shown to be successful in preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies for the treatment of MS, to clinical application. In this review, the most current developments in the literature on nanocarriers for MS treatment are evaluated.

Keywords

Multiple Sclerosis, blood-brain barrier, drug delivery system, nanocarrier, nanoparticle

Project Number

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