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Investigation of Range of Motion, Disability, Upper Extremity Functionality and Respiratory Muscle Strength in Individuals with Chronic Neck Pain

Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 35 - 46, 12.10.2024
https://doi.org/10.48124/husagbilder.1471304

Abstract

Purpose: Chronic neck pain is very common among the population, but the muscles around the neck affect the soft tissues as a kinetic chain and impair functionality. The aim of our study was to compare neck range of motion, disability, upper extremity functionality and respiratory muscle strength in individuals with chronic neck pain with healthy individuals.
Material and Method: The study included 25 individuals diagnosed with chronic neck pain and 21 healthy individuals. Demographic and clinical information were recorded. Neck range of motion was assessed using a goniometer, neck disability status was assessed using the Neck Disability Questionnaire, upper extremity functionality was assessed using the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire (DASH), and respiratory muscle strength (maximum inspiratory (MIP) and expiratory intraoral pressure (MEP)) was assessed using the Micro RPM device.
Results: The mean age of the individuals with chronic neck pain was 42.2±2.26 years, 22 of whom were female, and the mean age of the healthy individuals was 36.3±2.26 years, 15 of whom were female. Neck flexion, extension, left and lateral flexion and rotation values were found to be significantly more limited in individuals with chronic neck pain (p<0.001). In addition, Neck Disability Questionnaire (p<0.001) and DASH (p<0.001) scores were significantly lower in individuals with chronic neck pain. When the two groups were evaluated in terms of respiratory muscle strength, it was found that there was no statistical difference in both MIP (p=0.856) and MEP (p=0.674) values in both groups.
Conclusion: In individuals with chronic neck pain, limitation in neck range of motion, disability and upper extremity functionality are more likely to be affected. However, inspiratory and expiratory muscle strengths were not affected. We suggest that these results should be taken into consideration in the physiotherapy program.

References

  • Kaynaklar 1. Martimbianco ALC, Porfírio GJ, Pacheco RL, Torloni MR, Riera R. Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) For Chronic Neck Pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019;(12):5
  • 2. Tsang I. Rheumatology: 12. Pain In The Neck. CMAJ. 2001;164(8):1182-7.
  • 3. Popescu A, Lee H. Neck Pain And Lower Back Pain. Med Clin North Am. 2020;104(2):279-92.
  • 4. Kazeminasab S, Nejadghaderi SA, Amiri P, Pourfathi H, Araj-Khodaei M, Sullman MJ, et al. Neck Pain: Global Epidemiology, Trends And Risk Factors. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2022;23:1-13.
  • 5. Blanpied PR, Gross AR, Elliott JM, Devaney LL, Clewley D, Walton DM, et al. Neck Pain: Revision 2017: Clinical Practice Guidelines Linked To The International Classification Of Functioning, Disability And Health From The Orthopaedic Section Of The American Physical Therapy Association. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2017;47(7):A21-22.
  • 6. Lee H Jung. Neck Pain And Functioning In Daily Activities Associated With Smartphone Usage. JKPT. 2016;28(3):183-8.
  • 7. Nair SP, Panchabhai CS, Panhale V. Chronic Neck Pain And Respiratory Dysfunction: A Review Paper. Bull. Fac. Phys. Ther. 2022;27(1):21.
  • 8. Tatsios PI, Grammatopoulou E, Dimitriadis Z, Papandreou M, Paraskevopoulos E, Spanos S, et al. The Effectiveness Of Spinal, Diaphragmatic, And Specific Stabilization Exercise Manual Therapy And Respiratory-Related Interventions In Patients With Chronic Nonspecific Neck Pain: Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis. Diagnostics (Basel). 2022;12(7):1598.
  • 9. Fernandes TM, Méndez-Sánchez R, Puente-González AS, Martín-Vallejo FJ, Falla D, Carolina VC. A Randomized Controlled Trial On The Effects Of “Global Postural Re-Education” Versus Neck Specific Exercise On Pain, Disability, Postural Control, And Neuromuscular Features In Women With Chronic Non-Specific Neck Pain. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2023;59(1):42.
  • 10. Iqbal ZA, Alghadir AH, Anwer S. Efficacy Of Deep Cervical Flexor Muscle Training On Neck Pain, Functional Disability, And Muscle Endurance In School Teachers: A Clinical Trial. Biomed Res Int. 2021;1-4. 11. Rafiq S, Zafar H, Gillani SA, Waqas MS, Zia A, Liaqat S, et al. Comparison Of Neural Mobilization And Conservative Treatment On Pain, Range Of Motion, And Disability In Cervical Radiculopathy: A randomized controlled trial. PLoS One. 2022;17(12):2-10.
  • 12. Dareh-Deh HR, Hadadnezhad M, Letafatkar A, Peolsson A. Therapeutic Routine With Respiratory Exercises İmproves Posture, Muscle Activity, And Respiratory Pattern Of Patients With Neck Pain: a randomized controlled trial. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):4149.
  • 13. Otman AS, Köse N. Tedavi hareketlerinde temel değerlendirme prensipleri. Ankara:Peli̇kan; 2014:85-86
  • 14. Vernon H, Mior S. The Neck Disability Index: A Study Of Reliability And Validity. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1991;14(7):409-15.
  • 15. Aslan E, Karaduman A, Yakut Y, Aras B, Simsek IE, Yaglỳ N. The Cultural Adaptation, Reliability And Validity Of Neck Disability Index In Patients With Neck Pain: A Turkish Version Study. J. Spine. 2008;33(11):E362-5.
  • 16. Farooq MN, Mohseni-Bandpei MA, Gilani SA, Hafeez A. Urdu Version Of The Neck Disability Index: A Reliability And Validity Study. BMC Musculoskelet. Disord. 2017;18:1-11.
  • 17. Düger T, Yakut E, Öksüz Ç, Yörükan S, Bilgütay BS, Ayhan, en. Reliability And Validity Of The Turkish Version Of The Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) Questionnaire. Turk J Physiother Rehabil. 2006;17(3):99-107.
  • 18. Williams N. Dash. Occup Med (Lond). 2014;64(1):67-68.
  • 19. Beaton DE, Katz JN, Fossel AH, Wright JG, Tarasuk V, Bombardier C. Measuring The Whole Or The Parts?: Validity, Reliability, And Responsiveness Of The Disabilities Of The Arm, Shoulder And Hand Outcome Measure In Different Regions Of The Upper Extremity. J Hand Ther. 2001;14(2):128-42.
  • 20. Javeed S, Greenberg JK, Plog B, Zhang JK, Yahanda AT, Dibble CF, et al. Clinically Meaningful İmprovement In Disabilities Of Arm, Shoulder, And Hand (DASH) Following Cervical Spine Surgery. Spine J. 2023;23(6):832-40.
  • 21. Ponce MC, Sankari A, Sharma S. Pulmonary Function Tests. 2023 Aug 28. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing
  • 22. Yeldan İ, Aslan GK. Nöromusküler Hastalıklarda Solunum Fonksiyonlarının Değerlendirilmesi: Derleme. Sağlık Bil. Mes. Derg. 2014;1(2):127-36.
  • 23. Dimitriadis Z, Kapreli E, Konstantinidou I, Oldham J, Strimpakos N. Test/Retest Reliability Of Maximum Mouth Pressure Measurements With The MicroRPM In Healthy Volunteers. Respir Care. 2011;56(6):776-82.
  • 24. Ulubay G. Solunum Kas Fizyolojisi ve Kas Gücü Ölçümü. Thorac Surg Bull/Toraks Cerrahisi Bülteni. 2017;10(1):37-44.
  • 25. Safiri S, Kolahi AA, Hoy D, Buchbinder R, Mansournia MA, Bettampadi D, et al. Global, Regional, And National Burden Of Neck Pain In The General Population, 1990-2017: Systematic Analysis Of The Global Burden Of Disease Study 2017. BMJ. 2020;368:1-9.
  • 26. Jahre H, Grotle M, Smedbråten K, Dunn KM, Øiestad BE. Risk Factors For Non-Specific Neck Pain In Young Adults. A Systematic Review. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2020;21:1-12.
  • 27. Morales Tejera D, Beltran-Alacreu H, Cano-de-la-Cuerda R, Leon Hernandez JV, Martín-Pintado-Zugasti A, Calvo-Lobo C, et al. Effects Of Virtual Reality Versus Exercise On Pain, Functional, Somatosensory And Psychosocial Outcomes In Patients With Non-Specific Chronic Neck Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(16):5950.
  • 28. Thompson DP, Woby SR. Acceptance In Chronic Neck Pain: Associations With Disability And Fear Avoidance Beliefs. Int J Rehabil Res. 2017;40(3):220-6.
  • 29. Javdaneh N, Saeterbakken AH, Shams A, Barati AH. Pain Neuroscience Education Combined With Therapeutic Exercises Provides Added Benefit In The Treatment Of Chronic Neck Pain. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(16):8848.
  • 30. Ezzati K, Ravarian B, Saberi A, Salari A, Reyhanian Z, Khakpour M. Prevalence Of Cervical Myofascial Pain Syndrome And Its Correlation With The Severity Of Pain And Disability In Patients With Chronic Non-Specific Neck Pain. Arch Bone Jt Surg. 2021;9(2):230.
  • 31. Muñoz-García D, Gil-Martínez A, López-López A, Lopez-de-Uralde-Villanueva I, La Touche R, Fernández-Carnero J. Chronic Neck Pain And Cervico-Craniofacial Pain Patients Express Similar Levels Of Neck Pain-Related Disability, Pain Catastrophizing, And Cervical Range Of Motion. Pain Res Treat. 2016:1-5.
  • 32. Miaskowski C, Blyth F, Nicosia F, Haan M, Keefe F, Smith A, et al. A Biopsychosocial Model Of Chronic Pain For Older Adults. Pain Med. 2020;21(9):1793-805.
  • 33. Genebra CVDS, Maciel NM, Bento TPF, Simeão SFAP, De Vitta A. Prevalence And Factors Associated With Neck Pain: A Population-Based Study. Braz J Phys Ther. 2017;21(4):274-80.
  • 34. Ain QU, Khan S, Ilyas S, Yaseen A, Tariq I, Liu T, et al. Additional Effects Of Xbox Kinect Training On Upper Limb Function In Chronic Stroke Patients: A Randomized Control Trial. Healthcare (Basel). 2021:242.
  • 35. Gurav RS, Panhale VP. The Association Between Neck Pain And Upper Limb Disability In Patients With Non-Specific Neck Pain. IJHSR. 2017;7:92-7.
  • 36. Nair SP, Panchabhai CS, Panhale V. Chronic Neck Pain And Respiratory Dysfunction: A Review Paper. Bull. Fac. Phys. Ther. 2022;27(1):21.
  • 37. Schoser B, Fong E, Geberhiwot T, Hughes D, Kissel JT, Madathil SC, et al. Maximum Inspiratory Pressure As A Clinically Meaningful Trial Endpoint For Neuromuscular Diseases: A Comprehensive Review Of The Literature. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2017;12:1-12.
  • 38. Wirth B, Amstalden M, Perk M, Boutellier U, Humphreys BK. Respiratory Dysfunction In Patients With Chronic Neck Pain - Influence Of Thoracic Spine And Chest Mobility. Man Ther. 2014 Oct;19(5):440-4.

Kronik Boyun Ağrısı Olan Bireylerde Eklem Hareket Açıklığı, Disabilite, Üst Ekstremite Fonksiyonelliği ve Solunum Kas Kuvvetinin İncelenmesi

Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 35 - 46, 12.10.2024
https://doi.org/10.48124/husagbilder.1471304

Abstract

Amaç: Kronik boyun ağrısı halk arasında çok yaygın görülmekle birlikte boyun çevresindeki kaslar kinetik zincir olarak yumuşak dokuları etkileyerek fonksiyonelliği bozmaktadır. Çalışmamızın amacı, kronik boyun ağrısı olan bireylerde, boyun eklem hareket açıklığını, disabilitesini, üst ekstremite fonksiyonelliğini ve solunum kas kuvvetini sağlıklı bireyler ile karşılaştırmaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya kronik boyun ağrısı tanısı almış 25 birey ve sağlıklı 21 birey dahil edildi. Bireylerin demografik bilgileri ve klinik bilgiler kaydedildi. Bireylerin boyun eklem hareket açıklığı Gonyometre ile, boyun bölgesi disabilite durumu Boyun Özürlülük Sorgulama Anketi, üst ekstremite fonksiyonelliği Kol, Omuz ve El sorunları Anketi (DASH), solunum kas kuvvetleri (maksimum inspirasyon (MIP) ve ekspirasyon ağız içi basıncı (MEP)) Micro RPM cihazı ile değerlendirilerek kaydedildi.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan kronik boyun ağrısı olan bireylerin 22’i kadın, yaş ortalamaları 42,2±2,26 yıl ve sağlıklı bireylerin 15’i kadın, yaş ortalamaları 36,3± 2,26 yıl idi. Kronik boyun ağrısı olan bireylerde boyun fleksiyon, ekstansiyon, sol ve lateral fleksiyon ve rotasyon değerlerinin anlamlı derecede daha kısıtlı olduğu bulundu (p<0.001). Ayrıca kronik boyun ağrılı bireylerde Boyun Özürlülük Sorgulama Anketi (p<0.001) ve DASH (p<0.001) puanlarının anlamlı derecede daha düşük olduğu görüldü. İki grup solunum kas kuvvetleri açısından değerlendirildiğinde, iki grupta da hem MIP (p=0,856) hem de MEP (p=0,674) değerleri açısından istatistiksel olarak bir fark olmadığı saptandı.
Sonuç: Kronik boyun ağrılı bireylerde, boyun eklem hareket açıklığında kısıtlılık, disabilite ve üst ekstremite fonksiyonelliğinde etkilenme daha fazla olmaktadır. Ancak inspiratuar ve ekspiratuar kas kuvvetlerinde herhangi bir etkilenim görülmemiştir. Bu sonuçların oluşturulacak fizyoterapi programında göz önünde bulundurulmasını önermekteyiz.

References

  • Kaynaklar 1. Martimbianco ALC, Porfírio GJ, Pacheco RL, Torloni MR, Riera R. Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) For Chronic Neck Pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019;(12):5
  • 2. Tsang I. Rheumatology: 12. Pain In The Neck. CMAJ. 2001;164(8):1182-7.
  • 3. Popescu A, Lee H. Neck Pain And Lower Back Pain. Med Clin North Am. 2020;104(2):279-92.
  • 4. Kazeminasab S, Nejadghaderi SA, Amiri P, Pourfathi H, Araj-Khodaei M, Sullman MJ, et al. Neck Pain: Global Epidemiology, Trends And Risk Factors. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2022;23:1-13.
  • 5. Blanpied PR, Gross AR, Elliott JM, Devaney LL, Clewley D, Walton DM, et al. Neck Pain: Revision 2017: Clinical Practice Guidelines Linked To The International Classification Of Functioning, Disability And Health From The Orthopaedic Section Of The American Physical Therapy Association. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2017;47(7):A21-22.
  • 6. Lee H Jung. Neck Pain And Functioning In Daily Activities Associated With Smartphone Usage. JKPT. 2016;28(3):183-8.
  • 7. Nair SP, Panchabhai CS, Panhale V. Chronic Neck Pain And Respiratory Dysfunction: A Review Paper. Bull. Fac. Phys. Ther. 2022;27(1):21.
  • 8. Tatsios PI, Grammatopoulou E, Dimitriadis Z, Papandreou M, Paraskevopoulos E, Spanos S, et al. The Effectiveness Of Spinal, Diaphragmatic, And Specific Stabilization Exercise Manual Therapy And Respiratory-Related Interventions In Patients With Chronic Nonspecific Neck Pain: Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis. Diagnostics (Basel). 2022;12(7):1598.
  • 9. Fernandes TM, Méndez-Sánchez R, Puente-González AS, Martín-Vallejo FJ, Falla D, Carolina VC. A Randomized Controlled Trial On The Effects Of “Global Postural Re-Education” Versus Neck Specific Exercise On Pain, Disability, Postural Control, And Neuromuscular Features In Women With Chronic Non-Specific Neck Pain. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2023;59(1):42.
  • 10. Iqbal ZA, Alghadir AH, Anwer S. Efficacy Of Deep Cervical Flexor Muscle Training On Neck Pain, Functional Disability, And Muscle Endurance In School Teachers: A Clinical Trial. Biomed Res Int. 2021;1-4. 11. Rafiq S, Zafar H, Gillani SA, Waqas MS, Zia A, Liaqat S, et al. Comparison Of Neural Mobilization And Conservative Treatment On Pain, Range Of Motion, And Disability In Cervical Radiculopathy: A randomized controlled trial. PLoS One. 2022;17(12):2-10.
  • 12. Dareh-Deh HR, Hadadnezhad M, Letafatkar A, Peolsson A. Therapeutic Routine With Respiratory Exercises İmproves Posture, Muscle Activity, And Respiratory Pattern Of Patients With Neck Pain: a randomized controlled trial. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):4149.
  • 13. Otman AS, Köse N. Tedavi hareketlerinde temel değerlendirme prensipleri. Ankara:Peli̇kan; 2014:85-86
  • 14. Vernon H, Mior S. The Neck Disability Index: A Study Of Reliability And Validity. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1991;14(7):409-15.
  • 15. Aslan E, Karaduman A, Yakut Y, Aras B, Simsek IE, Yaglỳ N. The Cultural Adaptation, Reliability And Validity Of Neck Disability Index In Patients With Neck Pain: A Turkish Version Study. J. Spine. 2008;33(11):E362-5.
  • 16. Farooq MN, Mohseni-Bandpei MA, Gilani SA, Hafeez A. Urdu Version Of The Neck Disability Index: A Reliability And Validity Study. BMC Musculoskelet. Disord. 2017;18:1-11.
  • 17. Düger T, Yakut E, Öksüz Ç, Yörükan S, Bilgütay BS, Ayhan, en. Reliability And Validity Of The Turkish Version Of The Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) Questionnaire. Turk J Physiother Rehabil. 2006;17(3):99-107.
  • 18. Williams N. Dash. Occup Med (Lond). 2014;64(1):67-68.
  • 19. Beaton DE, Katz JN, Fossel AH, Wright JG, Tarasuk V, Bombardier C. Measuring The Whole Or The Parts?: Validity, Reliability, And Responsiveness Of The Disabilities Of The Arm, Shoulder And Hand Outcome Measure In Different Regions Of The Upper Extremity. J Hand Ther. 2001;14(2):128-42.
  • 20. Javeed S, Greenberg JK, Plog B, Zhang JK, Yahanda AT, Dibble CF, et al. Clinically Meaningful İmprovement In Disabilities Of Arm, Shoulder, And Hand (DASH) Following Cervical Spine Surgery. Spine J. 2023;23(6):832-40.
  • 21. Ponce MC, Sankari A, Sharma S. Pulmonary Function Tests. 2023 Aug 28. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing
  • 22. Yeldan İ, Aslan GK. Nöromusküler Hastalıklarda Solunum Fonksiyonlarının Değerlendirilmesi: Derleme. Sağlık Bil. Mes. Derg. 2014;1(2):127-36.
  • 23. Dimitriadis Z, Kapreli E, Konstantinidou I, Oldham J, Strimpakos N. Test/Retest Reliability Of Maximum Mouth Pressure Measurements With The MicroRPM In Healthy Volunteers. Respir Care. 2011;56(6):776-82.
  • 24. Ulubay G. Solunum Kas Fizyolojisi ve Kas Gücü Ölçümü. Thorac Surg Bull/Toraks Cerrahisi Bülteni. 2017;10(1):37-44.
  • 25. Safiri S, Kolahi AA, Hoy D, Buchbinder R, Mansournia MA, Bettampadi D, et al. Global, Regional, And National Burden Of Neck Pain In The General Population, 1990-2017: Systematic Analysis Of The Global Burden Of Disease Study 2017. BMJ. 2020;368:1-9.
  • 26. Jahre H, Grotle M, Smedbråten K, Dunn KM, Øiestad BE. Risk Factors For Non-Specific Neck Pain In Young Adults. A Systematic Review. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2020;21:1-12.
  • 27. Morales Tejera D, Beltran-Alacreu H, Cano-de-la-Cuerda R, Leon Hernandez JV, Martín-Pintado-Zugasti A, Calvo-Lobo C, et al. Effects Of Virtual Reality Versus Exercise On Pain, Functional, Somatosensory And Psychosocial Outcomes In Patients With Non-Specific Chronic Neck Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(16):5950.
  • 28. Thompson DP, Woby SR. Acceptance In Chronic Neck Pain: Associations With Disability And Fear Avoidance Beliefs. Int J Rehabil Res. 2017;40(3):220-6.
  • 29. Javdaneh N, Saeterbakken AH, Shams A, Barati AH. Pain Neuroscience Education Combined With Therapeutic Exercises Provides Added Benefit In The Treatment Of Chronic Neck Pain. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(16):8848.
  • 30. Ezzati K, Ravarian B, Saberi A, Salari A, Reyhanian Z, Khakpour M. Prevalence Of Cervical Myofascial Pain Syndrome And Its Correlation With The Severity Of Pain And Disability In Patients With Chronic Non-Specific Neck Pain. Arch Bone Jt Surg. 2021;9(2):230.
  • 31. Muñoz-García D, Gil-Martínez A, López-López A, Lopez-de-Uralde-Villanueva I, La Touche R, Fernández-Carnero J. Chronic Neck Pain And Cervico-Craniofacial Pain Patients Express Similar Levels Of Neck Pain-Related Disability, Pain Catastrophizing, And Cervical Range Of Motion. Pain Res Treat. 2016:1-5.
  • 32. Miaskowski C, Blyth F, Nicosia F, Haan M, Keefe F, Smith A, et al. A Biopsychosocial Model Of Chronic Pain For Older Adults. Pain Med. 2020;21(9):1793-805.
  • 33. Genebra CVDS, Maciel NM, Bento TPF, Simeão SFAP, De Vitta A. Prevalence And Factors Associated With Neck Pain: A Population-Based Study. Braz J Phys Ther. 2017;21(4):274-80.
  • 34. Ain QU, Khan S, Ilyas S, Yaseen A, Tariq I, Liu T, et al. Additional Effects Of Xbox Kinect Training On Upper Limb Function In Chronic Stroke Patients: A Randomized Control Trial. Healthcare (Basel). 2021:242.
  • 35. Gurav RS, Panhale VP. The Association Between Neck Pain And Upper Limb Disability In Patients With Non-Specific Neck Pain. IJHSR. 2017;7:92-7.
  • 36. Nair SP, Panchabhai CS, Panhale V. Chronic Neck Pain And Respiratory Dysfunction: A Review Paper. Bull. Fac. Phys. Ther. 2022;27(1):21.
  • 37. Schoser B, Fong E, Geberhiwot T, Hughes D, Kissel JT, Madathil SC, et al. Maximum Inspiratory Pressure As A Clinically Meaningful Trial Endpoint For Neuromuscular Diseases: A Comprehensive Review Of The Literature. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2017;12:1-12.
  • 38. Wirth B, Amstalden M, Perk M, Boutellier U, Humphreys BK. Respiratory Dysfunction In Patients With Chronic Neck Pain - Influence Of Thoracic Spine And Chest Mobility. Man Ther. 2014 Oct;19(5):440-4.
There are 37 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Health Services and Systems (Other)
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Melek Agırtmış 0000-0001-9378-338X

Rüstem Mustafaoğlu 0000-0001-7030-0787

Serkan Özdemir 0009-0002-8109-651X

Early Pub Date October 8, 2024
Publication Date October 12, 2024
Submission Date April 20, 2024
Acceptance Date July 1, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 7 Issue: 3

Cite

Vancouver Agırtmış M, Mustafaoğlu R, Özdemir S. Kronik Boyun Ağrısı Olan Bireylerde Eklem Hareket Açıklığı, Disabilite, Üst Ekstremite Fonksiyonelliği ve Solunum Kas Kuvvetinin İncelenmesi. Haliç Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2024;7(3):35-46.