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Öz Farkındalık Deneyimleri: Yank ve Gus Örnekleri

Year 2021, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 99 - 115, 12.05.2021

Abstract

Kendini gerçekleştirebilmek için, insanın önce kendiyle yüzleşmesi ve görünenin arkasında saklı olanları kabul etmesi gerekir. Öz farkındalık süreci, cazip görünmesine rağmen, bir yıkımı da beraberinde getirebilmektedir. Eugene O’Neill’in The Hairy Ape (1992) adlı oyunundaki meşhur kahramanı Yank ve Harold Pinter’in The Dumb Waiter (1957) adlı oyunundaki kahramanı Gus, bu tür bir kendini gerçekleştirme sürecinden geçen karakterlerdir. Bu karakterler kendi kimlikleriyle bir savaş içinde olmalarına karşın, oyunlar yalnızca kişilerin varoluşlarını anlamlandırma çabalarına değil, bu süreçte bir dış güç olarak onları şekillendiren topluma da odaklanmaktadır. Birbirleriyle tam anlamıyla aynı olmasalar dahi, Yank ve Gus’ın içinde bulundukları konumu anlama çabaları, varoluşsal bunalımları ve nihayetinde trajik sonları birbirleriyle oldukça benzerdir. Her iki kahramanın da gerek kişilik özelliklerinde gerekse konuşma tarzlarında benzer altsınıf arka planları kendini açığa çıkarmakla birlikte her ikisinin de bazı ifade ve hareketleri tekrarlamayı takıntı haline getirdiği gözlemlenmektedir. Bu çalışmada özellikle The Hairy Ape oyunundaki Yank ve The Dumb Waiter oyunundaki Gus karakterlerine odaklanılarak bu karakterler yabancılaşma, sınıf farkındalığı ve kendini gerçekleştirme çabaları açısından incelenecektir.

References

  • Baker, W., (2008). Harold Pinter, Bloomsbury Publishing Plc.
  • Bigsby, C.W.E. (2000)., Modern American Drama, 1945-2000. Cambridge University Press.
  • Buchanan, I., (2010). A Dictionary of Critical Theory. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Cardullo, B. (2007). Global Futurism, Divine Comedy, Greek Tragedy, and... "The Hairy Ape". The Eugene O'Neill Review, 29, 7-20.
  • Cunningham, F. (1993). O'Neill's Beginnings and the Birth of Modernism in American Drama. The Eugene O'Neill Review, 17(1/2), 11-20.
  • Diggins, J. P., (2007). Eugene O'Neill's America: Desire Under Democracy, University of Chicago Press.
  • Dukore, B. (1962). The Theatre of Harold Pinter. The Tulane Drama Review, 6(3), 43-54. doi:10.2307/1124934
  • Gassner, J., (1965). Eugene O’Neill - American Writers 45: University of Minnesota Pamphlets on American Writers No. 45, University of Minnesota Press.
  • Grimes, C., (2005). Harold Pinter's Politics: A Silence Beyond Echo, Fairleigh Dickinson University Press.
  • Kehl, D. (1993). The "Big Subject" in "The Hairy Ape": A New Look at Scene Five. The Eugene O'Neill Review, 17(1/2), 39-43
  • Keller, J. (1993). Rage Against Order: O'Neill's Yank and Milton's Satan. The Eugene O'Neill Review, 17(1/2), 44-52.
  • Pinter, H. (1993). “The Dumb Waiter.” The Norton Anthology of English Literature Volume II, edited by M.H. Abrams, Sixth Ed., 2362-2381. New York: W.W. Norton & Company Inc.
  • Prentice, P., (2000). The Pinter Ethic: The Erotic Aesthetic, Taylor & Francis Group.
  • O’Neill, E. (1980). “The Hairy Ape.” Anthology of American Literature, edited by George McMichael, Second Ed. ,1106-1134. New York: Macmillan Publishing.
  • Westgate, J. (2001). Stumbling Amid the Ruins: Yank's Absurd Inheritance in The Hairy Ape. The Eugene O'Neill Review, 25(1/2), 5-11.

Experiences of Self-realization: The Cases of Yank and Gus

Year 2021, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 99 - 115, 12.05.2021

Abstract

To achieve self-realization, one needs to confront himself/herself and accept what is there beneath the surface. Despite it seems to be rewarding, the process of self-awareness might cause destruction, as well. Eugene O’Neill’s famous protagonist Yank in The Hairy Ape (1922) and Harold Pinter’s Gus in The Dumb Waiter (1957) are two characters who go through this process of self-realization. Much as these characters fight with their own identities, the plays do not only concern the individuals’ efforts to make sense of their existence but also the society as an outside force shaping them during the process. Though not identical, Yank and Gus’s efforts to understand their position, their existential crisis, and finally their tragic ends are very similar to each other. It is all the more striking that the two protagonists share similar lower-class backgrounds explicit in their mannerism and speech and that both are obsessed with repeating some phrases as well as actions. In this study, in particular, the focus is mainly on Yank of The Hairy Ape and Gus of The Dumb Waiter in terms of characters' alienation, class consciousness, and self-realization.

References

  • Baker, W., (2008). Harold Pinter, Bloomsbury Publishing Plc.
  • Bigsby, C.W.E. (2000)., Modern American Drama, 1945-2000. Cambridge University Press.
  • Buchanan, I., (2010). A Dictionary of Critical Theory. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Cardullo, B. (2007). Global Futurism, Divine Comedy, Greek Tragedy, and... "The Hairy Ape". The Eugene O'Neill Review, 29, 7-20.
  • Cunningham, F. (1993). O'Neill's Beginnings and the Birth of Modernism in American Drama. The Eugene O'Neill Review, 17(1/2), 11-20.
  • Diggins, J. P., (2007). Eugene O'Neill's America: Desire Under Democracy, University of Chicago Press.
  • Dukore, B. (1962). The Theatre of Harold Pinter. The Tulane Drama Review, 6(3), 43-54. doi:10.2307/1124934
  • Gassner, J., (1965). Eugene O’Neill - American Writers 45: University of Minnesota Pamphlets on American Writers No. 45, University of Minnesota Press.
  • Grimes, C., (2005). Harold Pinter's Politics: A Silence Beyond Echo, Fairleigh Dickinson University Press.
  • Kehl, D. (1993). The "Big Subject" in "The Hairy Ape": A New Look at Scene Five. The Eugene O'Neill Review, 17(1/2), 39-43
  • Keller, J. (1993). Rage Against Order: O'Neill's Yank and Milton's Satan. The Eugene O'Neill Review, 17(1/2), 44-52.
  • Pinter, H. (1993). “The Dumb Waiter.” The Norton Anthology of English Literature Volume II, edited by M.H. Abrams, Sixth Ed., 2362-2381. New York: W.W. Norton & Company Inc.
  • Prentice, P., (2000). The Pinter Ethic: The Erotic Aesthetic, Taylor & Francis Group.
  • O’Neill, E. (1980). “The Hairy Ape.” Anthology of American Literature, edited by George McMichael, Second Ed. ,1106-1134. New York: Macmillan Publishing.
  • Westgate, J. (2001). Stumbling Amid the Ruins: Yank's Absurd Inheritance in The Hairy Ape. The Eugene O'Neill Review, 25(1/2), 5-11.
There are 15 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Sultan Komut Bakınç 0000-0001-7815-389X

Publication Date May 12, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 4 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Komut Bakınç, S. (2021). Experiences of Self-realization: The Cases of Yank and Gus. Haliç Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 4(1), 99-115.