Effect of Reflexology Massage on Chemotherapy Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Taxanes: A Randomized Controlled Study
Year 2024,
, 1 - 20, 30.04.2024
Neriman Yükseltürk Şimşek
,
Barış Nacır
,
Ayten Demir
Abstract
Objectives: This study was conducted as a randomized controlled trial of the efficacy of reflexology in reducing chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy in breast cancer women receiving taxanes.
Methods: The research was carried out at the hospitals' outpatient chemotherapy unit during the period spanning from June 1st to December 30th. Data were assessed using the Chemotherapy- Induced Peripheral Neuropathy Assessment Tool (CIPNAT), Patients' Information on Disease Variables and the Patient Information Form. Analysis was performed by number, percentage, independent t-test, chi-square test and one-way analysis of variance test for repeated measures.
Results: The participants were divided randomly into two groups: experimental (n=29) and control (n=29). During the 6-week intervention period, foot reflexology was administered to the experimental group, while the control group followed the clinic's standard protocol. Following the intervention, the average neuropathy symptom scores of the female participants in the experimental group did not increase significantly (p <0.05).
Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that the administration of foot reflexology has a positive impact on symptoms of peripheral neuropathy.
References
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- Ben-Horin, I., Kahan, P., Ryvo, L., Inbar, M., Lev-Arı, S., & Geva, R. (2017). Acupuncture and reflexology for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in breast cancer. Integrative Cancer Therapies, 16(3), 258–62. doi: 10.1177/1534735417690254. Epub 2017 Feb 2.
- Cassileth, B.R., & Keefe, F.J. (2010). Integrative and behavioral approaches to the treatment of cancer-related neuropathic pain. The Oncologist, 15(2), 19–23. doi: 10.1634/theoncologist.2009-S504.
- Cavaletti, G., Alberti, P., Argyriou, A.A., Lustberg, M., Staff, N.P., & Tamburin, S. (2019). Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity: a multifaceted, still unsolved issue. Journal of Peripheral Nervous System, 24, S6–12. doi: 10.1111/jns.12337.
- Colvin, L.A. (2019). Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: where are we now? Pain, 160(1), 1–10. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001540.
- Cunningham, J.E., Kelechi, T., Sterba, K., Barthelemy, N., Falkowskı, P., & Chın, S.H. (2011). Case report of a patient with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy treated with manual therapy (massage). Supportive Care in Cancer, 19, 1473-76. doi: 10.1007/s00520-011-1231-8.
- Çiçek, S.C., Demir, S., Yılmaz, D., & Yıldız, S. (2021). Effect of reflexology on ankle brachial index, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, and glycemic control in older adults with diabetes: A randomized controlled trial. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 44, 101437. doi: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2021.101437.
- Denduluri, N., Chavez-MacGregor, M., Telli, M.L., Eisen, A., Graff, S.L., Hasset, M.J., Holloway, J.N., Hurria, A., & et al. (2018). Selection of optimal adjuvant chemotherapy and targeted therapy for early breast cancer: ASCO clinical practice guideline focused update. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 36, 2433–2443. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2018.78.8604.
- Embong, N.H., Soh, Y.C., Ming, L.C., & Wong, T.W. (2015). Revisiting reflexology: concept, evidence, current practice, and practitioner training. Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine, 5(4), 197–206. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2015.08.008.
- Fritz, S., & Fritz L. (2020). Mosby’s Fundamentals of Therapeutic Massage (7th ed.) Elsevier Canada, 112-44. ISBN: 9780323661843
- Gholamzadeh, H., Ilkhani, M., Ameri, A., & Shakeri, N. (2019). Effect of reflexology on the side effects of chemotherapy in cancer patients: an integrative review. Evidence Based Care, 8(4), 7-13. doı: 10.22038/ebcj.2018.34389.1874
- İbrahim, M. M., & Rizk, S.M.A. (2018). The efficacy of foot reflexology on the reduction of peripheral diabetic neuropathic pain. Journal of Nursing and Health Science, 7(5), 44-55. doı: 10.9790/1959-0705094455
- Kurt, S., & Can, G. (2018). Reflexology in the management of chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy: A pilot randomized controlled trial. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 32, 12-19. doi: 10.1016/j.ejon.2017.11.001.
- Lee, S.Y., Ham, Y.H., Ok, O.N., Kim, E.J., Kwon, I.G., Hwang, M.S., & Cho, M.S. (2012). The effects of foot reflexology on peripheral neuropathy, symptom distress, anxiety and depression in cancer patients treated with oxaliplatin. Asian Oncology Nursing, 12(4), 305–13. 10.5388/aon.2012.12.4.305.
- Loprinzi, C.L., Lacchetti, C., Bleeker, J., Cavaletti, G., Chauhan, C., Hertz D.L., & et al. (2020). Prevention and management of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in survivors of adult cancers: ASCO guideline update. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 32(18), 1961–67. doi: 10.1200/JCO.20.01399.
- Mackey, B.T. (2001). Massage therapy and reflexology awareness. The Nursing Clinics of North America, 36(1), 159–70. ISSN 0029-6465
- Noh, G.O., & Park, K.S. (2019). Effects of aroma self-foot reflexology on peripheral neuropathy, peripheral skin temperature, anxiety, and depression in gynaecological cancer patients under going chemotherapy: A randomised controlled trial. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 42, 82-89. doi: 10.1016/j.ejon.2019.08.007.
- Özdelikara, A., & Tan, M. (2017). The effect of reflexology on chemotherapy-induced nausea, vomiting, and fatigue in breast cancer patients. Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 4(3), 241-49. doi: 10.4103/apjon.apjon_15_17.
- Pachman, D.R., Qın, R., Seisler, D., Smith, E.M., Kaggal, S., Novotny, P., Ruddy, K.J., Lafky, J.M., & et al. (2016). Comparison of oxaliplatin and paclitaxel-induced neuropathy. Supportive Care in Cancer, 24(12), 5059–5068. doi: 10.1007/s00520-016-3373-1.
- Park, R., & Park, C. (2015). Comparison of foot bathing and foot massage in chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy. Cancer Nursing, 38(3), 239-47. doi: 10.1097/NCC.0000000000000181.
- Park, S.B., Goldsteın, D., Krıshnan, A.V., Lın, C.S., Frıedlander, M.L., Cassıdy, J., Koltzenburg, M., & Kiernan, M.C. (2013). Chemotherapy induced peripheral neurotoxicity: A critical analysis. CA: A Cancer Journal of Clinicans, 63(6), 419–437. doi: 10.3322/caac.21204.
- Park, S.J., Yim, G.W., Paik, H., Lee, N., Lee, S., Lee, M., & Kim, H.S. (2021). Efficacy and safety of intravenous administration of high-dose selenium for preventing chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy in platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian, fallopian or primary peritoneal cancer: study protocol for a phase III, double-blind, randomized study. Journal of Gynecologic Oncology, 32(5), e73. doi: 10.3802/jgo.2021.32.e73.
- Salehifar, E., Janbabaeı, G., Alıpour, A., Tabrızı, N., & Avan, R. (2020). Taxane-induced peripheral neuropathy and quality of life in breast cancer patients. Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice, 26(6), 1421-28. doi: 10.1177/1078155219898511.
- Salgado, T.M., Quınn, C.S., Krumbach, E.K., Wenceslao, I., Gonzalez, M., Reed, H.L., Syverson, J.G., Etz, R.S., & et al. (2020). Reporting of paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy symptoms to clinicians among women with breast cancer: a qualitative study. Supportive Care in Cancer, 28(9), 4163-4172. doi: 10.1007/s00520-019-05254-6.
- Se Young, L., Yun, H.H., Oh Nam, O., Eun, J.K., In, G.K., Moon Sook, H., & Myung Sook, C. (2012). The effects of foot reflexology on peripheral neuropathy, symptom distress, anxiety and depression in cancer patients treated with oxaliplatin. Asian Oncology Nursing, 12(4), 305– 313. https://doi.org/10.5388/aon.2012.12.4.305
- Seretny, M., Currıe, L.L., Sena, E.S., Ramnarıne, S., Grant, R., Macleod, M.R., Colvın, L.A., & Fallon, M.T. (2014). Incidence, prevalence, and predictors of chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Pain, 155(12), 2461–2470. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2014.09.020.
- Shigematsu, H., Hırata, T., Nıshına, M., Yasuı, D., & Özakı, S. (2020). Cryotherapy for the prevention of weekly paclitaxel induced peripheral adverse events in breast cancer patients. Supportive Care in Cancer, 28(10), 5005-5011. doi: 10.1007/s00520-020-05345-9.
- Smith, E.L., Pang, H., Cirrincione, C., Fleıshman, S., Paskett, E.D., Ahles, T., & Shapıro, C.L. (2013). Effect of duloxetine on pain, function, and quality of life among patients with chemotherapy induced painful peripheral neuropathy: A randomized clinical trial. The Journal of the American Medical Association, 309(13), 1359-67. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.2813.
- Soutar, G. (2016). Reflexology for Hands and Feet. Eller ve Ayaklar için Refleksoloji. 4th ed. Çeviren: Evyapan T, Arkadaş Yayınları, Ankara, 3-30. ISBN: 9789755095899
- Starobova, H., & Vetter, I. (2017). Pathophysiology of chemotherapy-ınduced peripheral neuropathy. Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, 10(174), 1-21. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00174.
- Şimşek, N.Y., & Demir, A. (2021). Cold Application and Exercise on Development of Peripheral Neuropathy during Taxane Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Asia Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 8(3), 255-66. doi: 10.4103/apjon.apjon-2075.
- Timmins, H.C., Lı, T., Kıernan, M.C., Baron-Hay, S., Marx, G., Boyle, F., Goldsteın, D., & Park, S.B. (2020). Taxane-induced peripheral neuropathy: Differences in patient report and objective assessment. Supportive Care in Cancer, 28(9), 4459-4466. doi: 10.1007/s00520-020-05299-y.
- Tofthagen, C., Donovan, K.A., Morgan, M.A., Shıbata, D., & Yeh, Y. (2013). Oxaliplatininduced peripheral neuropathy’s effects on health-related quality of life of colorectal cancer survivors. Supportive Care in Cancer, 21(12), 3307–13. doi: 10.1007/s00520-013-1905-5.
- Tofthagen, C.S., Chevılle, A.L., & Loprınzı, C.L. (2020). The Physical Consequences of Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy. Palliative Medicine, 22, 50. doi: 10.1007/s11912-020-00903-0.
- Tofthagen, C.S., Mcmıllan, S.C., & Kıp, K.E. (2011). Development and psychometric evaluation of the chemotherapy ınduced peripheral neuropathy assessment tool. Cancer Nursing, 34(4), 10–20. doi: 10.1097/NCC.0b013e31820251de.
- Vardanjanı, M.M., Alavı, N.M., Razavı, N.S., Aghajanı, M., Azızı-Fını, E., & Vaghefı, S.M. (2013). A randomized-controlled trial examining the effects of reflexology on anxiety of patients undergoing coronary angiography. Nursing and Midwifery Studies, 2(1), 3-9. doi: 10.5812/nms.12167.
- Wadia, R.J., Stolar, M., Grens, C., Ehrlich, B.E., & Chao, H.H. (2018). The prevention of chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy by concurrent treatment with drugs used for bipolar disease: a retrospective chart analysis in human cancer patients. Oncotarget, 9(7), 7322–31. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.23467.
- Windebank, A.J., & Grısold, W. (2008). Chemotherapy-induced neuropathy. Journal of the Peripheral Nervous System, 13(1), 27–46. doi: 10.1111/j.1529-8027.2008.00156.x.
- Wu, B.Y., Liu, C.T., Su, Y.L., Chen, S.Y., Chen, Y.H., & Tsai, M.Y. (2019). A review of complementary therapies with medicinal plants for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. Complementary. Therapies in Medicine, 42, 226-32. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.11.022.
- Wyatt, G., Sikorskii, A., Rahbar, M.H., Victorson, D., & You, M. (2021). Health-related quality-of-life outcomes: a reflexology trial with patients with advanced-stage breast cancer. Oncology Nursing Forum, 39(6), 568–577. doı: 10.1188/12.ONF.568-577
- Wyatt, G., Sikorskii, A., Tesnjak, I., Frambes, D., Holmstrom, A., Luo, Z., Victorson, D., & Tamkus, D. (2017). A randomized clinical trial of caregiver-delivered reflexology for symptom management during breast cancer treatment. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 54(4), 670– 679. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2017.07.037.
- Yükseltürk Şimşek, N., & Demir, A. (2018). Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy assessment tool (CIPNAT) for breast cancer patients receiving taxane chemotherapy. Asia Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 5(4), 435- 41. doı: 10.4103/apjon.apjon_29_18
- Yükseltürk Şimşek N., Demir, A. (2021). Comparison Effects of Cold Application and Exercise on the Development of Peripheral Neuropathy during Taxane Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer Patients. Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 26;8(3):255-266. doi: 10.4103/apjon.apjon-2075
- Yükseltürk Şimşek N., Nacır B., Demir, A. (2022). Determining the Effect of Reflexology on Nausea, Vomiting and Anxiety in Patients with Breast Cancer Receiving Chemotherapy: A Randomized Controlled Study. Complementary Medicine Research. 29:382–392. https://doi.org/10.1159/000525034
- Zhi, W.I., Chen, P., Kwon, A., Chen C., Harte, S.E., Piulson, L., Li S., Patil, S., Mao, J.J., & Bao, T. (2019). Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) in breast cancer survivors: A comparison of patient-reported outcomes and quantitative sensory testing. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 178, 587–95. doi: 10.1007/s10549-019-05416
Year 2024,
, 1 - 20, 30.04.2024
Neriman Yükseltürk Şimşek
,
Barış Nacır
,
Ayten Demir
Supporting Institution
yok
References
- Arıkan, F. (2014). Kemoterapi Alan Kolorektal Kanseri Hastalarına Masajın Periferik Nöropati ve Yaşam Kalitesi Üzerine Etkisi, Doktora Tezi, Erciyes Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Kayseri.
- Ben-Horin, I., Kahan, P., Ryvo, L., Inbar, M., Lev-Arı, S., & Geva, R. (2017). Acupuncture and reflexology for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in breast cancer. Integrative Cancer Therapies, 16(3), 258–62. doi: 10.1177/1534735417690254. Epub 2017 Feb 2.
- Cassileth, B.R., & Keefe, F.J. (2010). Integrative and behavioral approaches to the treatment of cancer-related neuropathic pain. The Oncologist, 15(2), 19–23. doi: 10.1634/theoncologist.2009-S504.
- Cavaletti, G., Alberti, P., Argyriou, A.A., Lustberg, M., Staff, N.P., & Tamburin, S. (2019). Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity: a multifaceted, still unsolved issue. Journal of Peripheral Nervous System, 24, S6–12. doi: 10.1111/jns.12337.
- Colvin, L.A. (2019). Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: where are we now? Pain, 160(1), 1–10. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001540.
- Cunningham, J.E., Kelechi, T., Sterba, K., Barthelemy, N., Falkowskı, P., & Chın, S.H. (2011). Case report of a patient with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy treated with manual therapy (massage). Supportive Care in Cancer, 19, 1473-76. doi: 10.1007/s00520-011-1231-8.
- Çiçek, S.C., Demir, S., Yılmaz, D., & Yıldız, S. (2021). Effect of reflexology on ankle brachial index, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, and glycemic control in older adults with diabetes: A randomized controlled trial. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 44, 101437. doi: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2021.101437.
- Denduluri, N., Chavez-MacGregor, M., Telli, M.L., Eisen, A., Graff, S.L., Hasset, M.J., Holloway, J.N., Hurria, A., & et al. (2018). Selection of optimal adjuvant chemotherapy and targeted therapy for early breast cancer: ASCO clinical practice guideline focused update. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 36, 2433–2443. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2018.78.8604.
- Embong, N.H., Soh, Y.C., Ming, L.C., & Wong, T.W. (2015). Revisiting reflexology: concept, evidence, current practice, and practitioner training. Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine, 5(4), 197–206. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2015.08.008.
- Fritz, S., & Fritz L. (2020). Mosby’s Fundamentals of Therapeutic Massage (7th ed.) Elsevier Canada, 112-44. ISBN: 9780323661843
- Gholamzadeh, H., Ilkhani, M., Ameri, A., & Shakeri, N. (2019). Effect of reflexology on the side effects of chemotherapy in cancer patients: an integrative review. Evidence Based Care, 8(4), 7-13. doı: 10.22038/ebcj.2018.34389.1874
- İbrahim, M. M., & Rizk, S.M.A. (2018). The efficacy of foot reflexology on the reduction of peripheral diabetic neuropathic pain. Journal of Nursing and Health Science, 7(5), 44-55. doı: 10.9790/1959-0705094455
- Kurt, S., & Can, G. (2018). Reflexology in the management of chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy: A pilot randomized controlled trial. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 32, 12-19. doi: 10.1016/j.ejon.2017.11.001.
- Lee, S.Y., Ham, Y.H., Ok, O.N., Kim, E.J., Kwon, I.G., Hwang, M.S., & Cho, M.S. (2012). The effects of foot reflexology on peripheral neuropathy, symptom distress, anxiety and depression in cancer patients treated with oxaliplatin. Asian Oncology Nursing, 12(4), 305–13. 10.5388/aon.2012.12.4.305.
- Loprinzi, C.L., Lacchetti, C., Bleeker, J., Cavaletti, G., Chauhan, C., Hertz D.L., & et al. (2020). Prevention and management of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in survivors of adult cancers: ASCO guideline update. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 32(18), 1961–67. doi: 10.1200/JCO.20.01399.
- Mackey, B.T. (2001). Massage therapy and reflexology awareness. The Nursing Clinics of North America, 36(1), 159–70. ISSN 0029-6465
- Noh, G.O., & Park, K.S. (2019). Effects of aroma self-foot reflexology on peripheral neuropathy, peripheral skin temperature, anxiety, and depression in gynaecological cancer patients under going chemotherapy: A randomised controlled trial. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 42, 82-89. doi: 10.1016/j.ejon.2019.08.007.
- Özdelikara, A., & Tan, M. (2017). The effect of reflexology on chemotherapy-induced nausea, vomiting, and fatigue in breast cancer patients. Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 4(3), 241-49. doi: 10.4103/apjon.apjon_15_17.
- Pachman, D.R., Qın, R., Seisler, D., Smith, E.M., Kaggal, S., Novotny, P., Ruddy, K.J., Lafky, J.M., & et al. (2016). Comparison of oxaliplatin and paclitaxel-induced neuropathy. Supportive Care in Cancer, 24(12), 5059–5068. doi: 10.1007/s00520-016-3373-1.
- Park, R., & Park, C. (2015). Comparison of foot bathing and foot massage in chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy. Cancer Nursing, 38(3), 239-47. doi: 10.1097/NCC.0000000000000181.
- Park, S.B., Goldsteın, D., Krıshnan, A.V., Lın, C.S., Frıedlander, M.L., Cassıdy, J., Koltzenburg, M., & Kiernan, M.C. (2013). Chemotherapy induced peripheral neurotoxicity: A critical analysis. CA: A Cancer Journal of Clinicans, 63(6), 419–437. doi: 10.3322/caac.21204.
- Park, S.J., Yim, G.W., Paik, H., Lee, N., Lee, S., Lee, M., & Kim, H.S. (2021). Efficacy and safety of intravenous administration of high-dose selenium for preventing chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy in platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian, fallopian or primary peritoneal cancer: study protocol for a phase III, double-blind, randomized study. Journal of Gynecologic Oncology, 32(5), e73. doi: 10.3802/jgo.2021.32.e73.
- Salehifar, E., Janbabaeı, G., Alıpour, A., Tabrızı, N., & Avan, R. (2020). Taxane-induced peripheral neuropathy and quality of life in breast cancer patients. Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice, 26(6), 1421-28. doi: 10.1177/1078155219898511.
- Salgado, T.M., Quınn, C.S., Krumbach, E.K., Wenceslao, I., Gonzalez, M., Reed, H.L., Syverson, J.G., Etz, R.S., & et al. (2020). Reporting of paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy symptoms to clinicians among women with breast cancer: a qualitative study. Supportive Care in Cancer, 28(9), 4163-4172. doi: 10.1007/s00520-019-05254-6.
- Se Young, L., Yun, H.H., Oh Nam, O., Eun, J.K., In, G.K., Moon Sook, H., & Myung Sook, C. (2012). The effects of foot reflexology on peripheral neuropathy, symptom distress, anxiety and depression in cancer patients treated with oxaliplatin. Asian Oncology Nursing, 12(4), 305– 313. https://doi.org/10.5388/aon.2012.12.4.305
- Seretny, M., Currıe, L.L., Sena, E.S., Ramnarıne, S., Grant, R., Macleod, M.R., Colvın, L.A., & Fallon, M.T. (2014). Incidence, prevalence, and predictors of chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Pain, 155(12), 2461–2470. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2014.09.020.
- Shigematsu, H., Hırata, T., Nıshına, M., Yasuı, D., & Özakı, S. (2020). Cryotherapy for the prevention of weekly paclitaxel induced peripheral adverse events in breast cancer patients. Supportive Care in Cancer, 28(10), 5005-5011. doi: 10.1007/s00520-020-05345-9.
- Smith, E.L., Pang, H., Cirrincione, C., Fleıshman, S., Paskett, E.D., Ahles, T., & Shapıro, C.L. (2013). Effect of duloxetine on pain, function, and quality of life among patients with chemotherapy induced painful peripheral neuropathy: A randomized clinical trial. The Journal of the American Medical Association, 309(13), 1359-67. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.2813.
- Soutar, G. (2016). Reflexology for Hands and Feet. Eller ve Ayaklar için Refleksoloji. 4th ed. Çeviren: Evyapan T, Arkadaş Yayınları, Ankara, 3-30. ISBN: 9789755095899
- Starobova, H., & Vetter, I. (2017). Pathophysiology of chemotherapy-ınduced peripheral neuropathy. Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, 10(174), 1-21. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00174.
- Şimşek, N.Y., & Demir, A. (2021). Cold Application and Exercise on Development of Peripheral Neuropathy during Taxane Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Asia Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 8(3), 255-66. doi: 10.4103/apjon.apjon-2075.
- Timmins, H.C., Lı, T., Kıernan, M.C., Baron-Hay, S., Marx, G., Boyle, F., Goldsteın, D., & Park, S.B. (2020). Taxane-induced peripheral neuropathy: Differences in patient report and objective assessment. Supportive Care in Cancer, 28(9), 4459-4466. doi: 10.1007/s00520-020-05299-y.
- Tofthagen, C., Donovan, K.A., Morgan, M.A., Shıbata, D., & Yeh, Y. (2013). Oxaliplatininduced peripheral neuropathy’s effects on health-related quality of life of colorectal cancer survivors. Supportive Care in Cancer, 21(12), 3307–13. doi: 10.1007/s00520-013-1905-5.
- Tofthagen, C.S., Chevılle, A.L., & Loprınzı, C.L. (2020). The Physical Consequences of Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy. Palliative Medicine, 22, 50. doi: 10.1007/s11912-020-00903-0.
- Tofthagen, C.S., Mcmıllan, S.C., & Kıp, K.E. (2011). Development and psychometric evaluation of the chemotherapy ınduced peripheral neuropathy assessment tool. Cancer Nursing, 34(4), 10–20. doi: 10.1097/NCC.0b013e31820251de.
- Vardanjanı, M.M., Alavı, N.M., Razavı, N.S., Aghajanı, M., Azızı-Fını, E., & Vaghefı, S.M. (2013). A randomized-controlled trial examining the effects of reflexology on anxiety of patients undergoing coronary angiography. Nursing and Midwifery Studies, 2(1), 3-9. doi: 10.5812/nms.12167.
- Wadia, R.J., Stolar, M., Grens, C., Ehrlich, B.E., & Chao, H.H. (2018). The prevention of chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy by concurrent treatment with drugs used for bipolar disease: a retrospective chart analysis in human cancer patients. Oncotarget, 9(7), 7322–31. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.23467.
- Windebank, A.J., & Grısold, W. (2008). Chemotherapy-induced neuropathy. Journal of the Peripheral Nervous System, 13(1), 27–46. doi: 10.1111/j.1529-8027.2008.00156.x.
- Wu, B.Y., Liu, C.T., Su, Y.L., Chen, S.Y., Chen, Y.H., & Tsai, M.Y. (2019). A review of complementary therapies with medicinal plants for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. Complementary. Therapies in Medicine, 42, 226-32. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.11.022.
- Wyatt, G., Sikorskii, A., Rahbar, M.H., Victorson, D., & You, M. (2021). Health-related quality-of-life outcomes: a reflexology trial with patients with advanced-stage breast cancer. Oncology Nursing Forum, 39(6), 568–577. doı: 10.1188/12.ONF.568-577
- Wyatt, G., Sikorskii, A., Tesnjak, I., Frambes, D., Holmstrom, A., Luo, Z., Victorson, D., & Tamkus, D. (2017). A randomized clinical trial of caregiver-delivered reflexology for symptom management during breast cancer treatment. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 54(4), 670– 679. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2017.07.037.
- Yükseltürk Şimşek, N., & Demir, A. (2018). Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy assessment tool (CIPNAT) for breast cancer patients receiving taxane chemotherapy. Asia Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 5(4), 435- 41. doı: 10.4103/apjon.apjon_29_18
- Yükseltürk Şimşek N., Demir, A. (2021). Comparison Effects of Cold Application and Exercise on the Development of Peripheral Neuropathy during Taxane Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer Patients. Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 26;8(3):255-266. doi: 10.4103/apjon.apjon-2075
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