Uzaktan Eğitim Gören Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Farklı Kulaklık Tiplerinin ve Farklı Dinleme Koşullarının Azalmış Ses Toleransı ve İşitme Fonksiyonları Üzerine Etkisi

Abstract

Amaç: Uzun süreli kulaklık kullanımının işitme sistemi üzerine olumsuz etkileri bilinmektedir. COVİD-19 pandemisi döneminde üniversite öğrencileri uzaktan derslere katılmak için normalden daha sık kulaklık kullanmak zorunda kalmışlardır. Bu çalışma, pandemi döneminde uzaktan eğitime katılan üniversite öğrencilerinde kulaklık tipi, ses şiddet düzeyi, dinleme ortamı ve derse katılım süresi gibi farklılıkların azalan ses toleransı (AST) ve işitsel işlevler üzerindeki etkisinin araştırılmasını amaçlamaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma Google Forms bağlantısı üzerinden gerçekleştirilmiştir. Katılımcılardan tercih ettikleri kulaklık tipi, ses şiddet seviyeleri, dinleme ortamı, haftalık uzaktan derse katılım süresi, tinnitus öyküsü bilgileri alınmıştır. AST’yi değerlendirmek için Azalmış Ses Tolerans Ölçeği- Tarama (ASTÖ-T), işitmenin alt bileşenlerini değerlendirmek amacıyla Konuşma, Uzaysal Algı ve İşitme Kalitesi Ölçeği (KUİK) kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya toplam 247 birey katılmıştır (67 E, 180 K). Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 21,47 (SS=4,91)’dir. Bulgular: Kulaklık tipine göre ASTÖ-T, KUİK puanları arasında anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır. Haftalık derse katılım süresine göre hiperakuzi ve fonofobi puanları arasında anlamlı fark bulunurken, mizofoni ve KUİK puanları arasında anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır. Dinleme ortamına göre hiperakuzi ve KUİK puanları arasında anlamlı fark bulunurken, fonofobi veya mizofoni puanları arasında anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır. Ses şiddet seviyesine göre fonofobi, konuşma algısı ve işitme kalitesi puanları arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmazken, hiperakuzi, misofoni ve uzaysal algı arasında anlamlı fark vardı. ASTÖ-T ile KUİK arasında negatif yönde anlamlı ilişki bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Uzaktan eğitim sürecinde kullanılan kulaklık türü AST ve işitsel belirtilerle ilişkili bulunmazken, haftalık derse devam süresi, dinleme ortamı ve ses şiddeti düzeyleri arasında ilişki bulunmuştur. AST ile konuşma algısı, uzaysal algı ve işitme kalitesinin negatif korelasyon gösterdiği belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

• azalmış ses toleransı
• COVİD-19 pandemisi
• işitsel semptom
• uzaktan eğitim

The Effect of Different Earphone Types on Decreased Sound Tolerance and Auditory Functions In University Students Studying Distance Education

Abstract

Objectives: It is known that long-term headphone use has negative effects on the hearing system. During the COVID-19 pandemic, university students had to use headphones more often than usual to attend distance education. The study aimed to investigate the effects of differences such as headphone type, sound intensity level, listening environment, and class participation time on decreased sound tolerance (DST) and auditory functions in university students who attended distance education during the pandemic period. Materials and Methods: The research was conducted via Google Forms link. Information about the type of headphone they preferred, sound intensity levels, listening environment, duration of weekly distance class participation, and tinnitus history were collected from the participants. The Decreased Sound Tolerance Scale-Screening (DSTS-S) was used to evaluate DST, and the Speech, Spatial Perception and Hearing Quality Scale (SSQ) was used to evaluate the subcomponents of hearing. The study included 247 participants totally (67 M, 180 F). The participants' average age was 21.47 (SD=4.91). Results: According to earphone type, there was no significant difference between the DSTS-S, SSQ scores. According to weekly class attendance, there was a significant difference between the hyperacusis and phonophobia scores, but not between the misophonia or SSQ scores. According to the listening environment, there was a significant difference between the hyperacusis and SSQ scores, but not between the phonophobia or misophonia scores. According to sound intensity there was no significant difference between phonophobia, speech perception, or hearing quality scores, there was a significant difference between hyperacusis, misophonia, and spatial perception. A negative significant correlation was found between DSTS-S and SSQ. Conclusion: While the type of headphones used during the distance education process was not found to be associated with DST and auditory symptoms, a relationship was found between weekly class attendance time, listening environment and sound intensity levels. It was determined that DST had a negative correlation with speech perception, spatial perception and hearing quality.

Keywords

• decreased sound tolerance
• COVID-19 pandemic
• auditory symptoms
• distance education

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