Beslenme Eğitiminin Okul Çağı Çocuklarının Beslenme Alışkanlıklarına ve Beslenme Bilgi Düzeyine Etkisi

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma okul çağı çocuklarında beslenme eğitiminin beslenme bilgi düzeyi ve beslenme alışkanlıklarına etkisini belirlemeyi amaçlamıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya TED Kayseri Koleji altıncı sınıfındaki, 11-12 yaş arası öğrencilerden eğitim grubuna 23, kontrol grubuna 19 öğrenci katılmıştır. Veriler eğitim öncesi ve eğitim sonrası dördüncü haftada katılımcıların sosyodemografik bilgileri ve beslenme bilgi düzeylerine ilişkin soruları ve besin tüketim sıklığını içeren anket ile yüz yüze görüşme yöntemiyle toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Eğitim öncesi grupların beslenme bilgi puanları arasında önemli düzeyde fark yoktur (p>0,05). Eğitim sonrası eğitim grubunun beslenme bilgi puanı ortalaması (12,47±2,23) eğitim öncesine (7,86±2,80) ve kontrol grubuna (8,21±3,67) göre anlamlı düzeyde yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0,001). Grupların besin gruplarını önerilen düzeylerde tüketim durumları Türküye Beslenme Rehberi (TÜBER) referans alınarak değerlendirilmiştir. Eğitim öncesi her iki grupta süt ve ürünleri, et-tavuk ve yumurtayı ve meyveleri önerilen düzeyde tüketenlerin oranı %50’den fazladır. Balık (eğitim grubu: %34,8, kontrol grubu: %26,3), kurubaklagil (eğitim grubu: %8,7, kontrol grubu: %0,0), taze sebzeler (eğitim grubu: %4,3, kontrol grubu: %0,0) ve ekmek-tahıl grubundan (eğitim grubu: %4,3, kontrol grubu: %5,3) önerileri yeterli karşılayan öğrencilerin oranı her iki grupta da oldukça düşüktür. Eğitim sonrası gruplardaki öğrencilerin besin gruplarından önerilen miktarlarda tüketenlerin oranı eğitim öncesinden farklı olmayıp gruplar arasında da önemli düzeyde fark saptanmamıştır (p>0,05). Sonuç: Bu bulgular doğrultusunda verilen beslenme eğitiminin beslenme bilgisini artırdığı ancak beslenme alışkanlıklarını değiştirmediği sonucuna varılmıştır. Okullarda verilecek beslenme eğitiminin beslenme alışkanlıklarına yansıması için uzun süreli olması ve belirli aralıklarla tekrar edilmesi önerilir.

Keywords

• beslenme alışkanlığı
• beslenme bilgi düzeyi
• beslenme eğitimi
• okul
• okul çağı

The Effect of Nutrition Education on Nutritional Habits and Nutritional Knowledge Level of School-Age Children

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effect of nutrition education on nutritional knowledge and eating habits in school-age children. Materials and Methods: Twenty-three students in the education group and 19 students in the control group from the sixth grade of TED Kayseri College, aged 11-12 years, participated in the study. Data were collected by face-to-face interview with a questionnaire including questions about the participants' sociodemographic information, nutritional knowledge levels and food consumption frequency before and in the fourth week after the education. Results: There was no significant difference between the nutritional knowledge scores of the groups before the education (p>0,05). The mean nutritional knowledge score of the post-education group (12,47±2,23) was significantly higher than the pre-education group (7,86±2,80) and the control group (8,21±3,67) (p<0,001). The groups' consumption of food groups at recommended levels was evaluated with reference to the Turkish Dietary Guidelines (TUBER). The rate of those who consumed milk and milk products, meat, chicken, eggs and fruits at the recommended level was more than 50% in both groups before the education. The proportion of students who responded adequately to the recommendations for fish (education group: 34,8%, control group: 26,3%), legumes (education group: 8,7%, control group: 0,0%), fresh vegetables (education group: 4,3%, control group: 0,0%) and bread and cereals (education group: 4,3%, control group: 5,3%) was quite low in both groups. The proportion of students in the post-education groups who consumed the recommended amounts of food groups was not different from the pre-education groups and no significant difference was found between the groups (p>0,05). Conclusion: In line with these findings, it was concluded that nutrition education increased nutritional knowledge but did not change nutritional habits. It is recommended that nutrition education to be given in schools should be long-term and repeated at regular intervals in order to be reflected on nutritional habits.

Keywords

• nutrition habits
• nutrition knowledge
• nutrition education
• school
• school age

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