Does Exercise Effect on Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Insulin Sensitivity?

Abstract

Skeletal muscle has an important role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. Several studies have found that insulin action may be related to the oxidative capacity of skeletal muscle. Aerobic exercises improve both insulin sensitivity and activity of oxidative enzymes in muscle. Individuals having disorders and diseases like insulin resistance, obesity or type 2 diabetes were found to have lower muscle oxidative enzyme activity. Some hypotheses have been developed regarding the hypothesis that insulin infusion stimulates the mitochondrial protein synthesis rate in skeletal muscle. The effects of exercise on mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin sensitivity are summarized and discussed in this review.

Keywords

• Insulin sensitivity,mitochondrial dysfunction,exercise

Egzersiz, İnsülin Duyarlılığı ve Mitokondriyal Fonksiyonu Etkiler Mi?

Abstract

İskelet kası insülin direnci patogenezinde önemli rol oynamaktadır. Yapılan çalışmalarda, vücuttaki insülin hareketlerinin iskelet kası oksidatif kapasitesi ile ilişkili olabileceği bulunmuştur. Aerobik egzersizler hem insülin duyarlılığı hem de kas oksidatif enzim aktivitesini arttırmaktadır. Kas oksidatif enzim aktivitesinin obezite, insülin direnci veya tip 2 diyabet gibi kronik hastalıkları olan bireylerde daha düşük olduğu saptanmıştır. İnsülin infüzyonunun iskelet kasındaki mitokondriyal protein sentez hızını da uyardığıyla ilgili hipotezler bulunmaktadır. Bu derlemede, egzersizin mitokondriyal disfonksiyon ve insülin duyarlılığı üzerine etkisini araştıran yayınları değerlendirilerek özetlenmiştir.

Keywords

• İnsülin duyarlılığı,mitokondriyal disfonksiyon,egzersiz

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