Effect of Functional Foods on Cholesterol Metabolism

Year 2020, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 69 - 91, 30.04.2020

Negin Almasi , Mehmet Fisunoglu

https://doi.org/10.21020/husbfd.474381

Abstract

Cholesterol is always an issue because blood total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein correlate strongly with coronary heart disease. Cholesterol homeostasis is maintained by a complex mechanism of sterol absorption, anabolism, catabolism and excretion. In recent years, nutraceuticals and functional foods have attracted much interest as possible alternative therapies for dyslipidemia. Nutraceuticals and functional foods which lower total cholesterol must affect the genes which regulate cholesterol homeostasis. In general, cholesterol-lowering functional foods and nutraceuticals can be classified into seven types namely intestinal Niemann-Pick C1 like 1 (NPC1L1) competitors, intestinal acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase 2 (ACAT2) inhibitors, 3- hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors, LDL receptor up-regulators, bile acid reabsorption inhibitors, plasma cholesteryl ester transporting protein (CETP) inhibitors and cholesterol-7a-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) activators. This review examines some important cholesterol lowering nutraceuticals and functional foods and their cholesterol lowering mechanisms.

Keywords

Functional foods, Nutraceuticals, Cholesterol

Fonksiyonel Besinlerin Kolesterol Metabolizması Üzerinde Etkisi

Abstract

Total kolesterol ve düşük yoğunluklu lipoprotein, koroner kalp hastalığı ile güçlü ilişki gösterdiğinden dolayı, kolestrol her zaman önemli konulardan biridir. Kolesterol homeostazısı, sterol emilim, biyosentez, katabolizma ve atılımının kompleks bir mekanizması ile sağlanır. Son yıllarda, dislipidemi kontrol ve tedavisini iyileştirmek ve optimize etmek için nutrasötikler ve fonksiyonel besinlerin olası kullanımında, artan bir ilgi olmuştur. Total kolesterolü düşüren nutrasötikler ve fonksiyonel besinler, kolesterol homeostazını düzenleyen genleri etkilemesi gerekmektedir. Genel olarak, kolestrol düşürücü fonksiyonel besinler ve nutrasötikler, intestinal Niemann-Pick C1 benzeri 1 (NPC1L1) rakipleri, asil CoA: kolestrol asiltransferaz (ACAT) inhibitörleri, 3- hidroksi-3-metilglutaril (HMG-CoA) redüktaz inhibitörleri, LDL reseptör aktivatörleri, kolesterol-safra asidi emilim inhibitörleri ve plazma kolesteril ester taşıyan protein (CETP) inhibitörleri, kolesterol-7α-hidroksilaz (CYP7A1) aktivatörleri olarak yedi tipte sınıflandırılabilirler. Bu derlemede, bazı önemli kolestrol düşürücü nutrasötikler ve fonksiyonel besinler ve kolesterol düşürüçü mekanizmalarını incelemektedir.

Keywords

Fonksiyonel besinler, Nutrasötikler, Kolesterol

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