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AGENDA SETTING AND ASTROTURF ACTIVITIES ON TWITTER: A STUDY ON MENTIONING TWEETS TO POLITICAL PARTY LEADERS IN TURKEY

Year 2022, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 98 - 116, 01.05.2022

Abstract

References

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  • Aytekin, Ç., ve Bayram, M. A. (2021). Türkçe Metinler İçin Duygu Analizi Yaklaşımı İle İletişimde Bağlamdan Bağımsız Modellerin Geliştirilmesi Üzerine Bir Araştırma: Karma Veri Uygulaması Önerisi. e-Journal of New Media / Yeni Medya Elektronik Dergi – eJNM, 12-25.
  • Başlar, G., ve Ateşalp, S. T. (2015). Katılımcı Kültür Tartışmaları Ekseninde Sosyal Medyada Diziler: Kardeş Payı Örneği. E-Journal of Intermedia, 158-180.
  • Boldyreva, E. (2018). Cambridge Analytica: Ethics And Online Manipulation With Decision-Making Process. 18th PCSF 2018 - Professional Сulture of the Specialist of the Future 91-102. ST. Petersburg: Future Academy.
  • Chernyshova, Smorodin G; Ovchinnikov, Alexey;. (2016). Technique of cluster validity for Text Mining. 6th International Conference - Cloud System and Big Data Engineering. 337-340). Noida, India: Institute of Electrics and Electronic Engingeers (IEEE).
  • Conway, B. A., Kenski, K., ve Wang, D. (2015). The Rise of Twitter in the Political Campaign: Searching for Intermedia Agenda-Setting Effects in the Presidential Primary . Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 363-380.
  • Filibeli, T. E., ve Şener, O. (2019). Manipüle Edilmiş Enformasyonel Bir Vitrin ve Popülist Bir Enformasyon Alanı Olarak Twitter. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Kültürel Çalışmalar Dergisi, 492-515.
  • Gorwa, R. (2017). Computational Propaganda in Poland: False Amplifiers and the Digital Public Sphere. 1-24.
  • Işıklı, Ş., ve Karaman, H. (2016). Twitter’daki Dini ve Etnik Temelli Nefret Söylemlerinin Analizi. AJIT-e: Online Academic Journal of Information Technology, 138-152.
  • Kollanyi, B., Howard, P. N., ve Woolley, S. C. (2016). Bots and Automation over Twitter during the Second U.S. Presidential Debate. Data Memo 2016.2. Oxford, UK: Project on Computational Propaganda., 1-5.
  • Kovic, M., Rauchfleisch, A., Sele, M., ve Caspar, C. (2018). Digital astroturfing in politics: Definition, typology, and countermeasures. Studies in Communication Sciences, 69-65.
  • Köselerli, B. B. (2017). Yeni Medya Ortaminin Yeni Kamusal Alan Olarak Kullanimi Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme. e-Journal of New World Sciences Academy, 51-64.
  • Lits, B. (2020). Detecting astroturf lobbying movements. CAP: Communication and the Public, 1-14. Llewellyn, C., Cram, L., Hill, R. L., ve Favero, A. (2019). For Whom the Bell Trolls: Shifting Troll Behaviour in the Twitter Brexit Debate. JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies, 1-17.
  • McCombs , M. E., vee Shaw, D. L. (1972). The Agenda-Setting Function Of Mass Media. American Association for Public Opinion Research, 176-187.
  • Meraz, S. (2018). Using Time Series Analysis to Measure Intermedia Agenda-Setting Influence in Traditional Media and Political Blog Networks. Journalism & Mass Communication, 176-194.
  • Santini, R. M., Salles, D., ve Tucci, G. (2021). When Machine Behavior Targets Future Voters: The Use of Social Bots to Test Narratives for Political Campaigns in Brazil. International Journal of Communication, 1220-1243.
  • Stefan, S., Florian, B., Ross, B., ve Jung, A.-K. (2017). Do Social Bots Dream of Electric Sheep? A Categorisation of Social Media Bot Accounts. Australasian Conference on Information Systems, (pp. 1-11). Hobart, Australia.
  • Varol, O., Ferrara, E., Davis, C. A., Menczer, F., ve Flammini, A. (2017). Online Human-Bot Interactions: Detection, Estimation, and Characterization. Eleventh International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media (ICWSM 2017). 280-289. California: The AAAI Press.
  • Wang ve Yu. (2015). World Cup 2014 in the Twitter World: A big data analysis of sentiments in U.S. sports fans' tweets. Computers in Human Behavior, 392-400.
  • Zaki, N., Mohamed, E. A., ve Alashwal, H. (2018). Detecting Social Bots on Twitter: A Literature Review. 2018 International Conference on Innovations in Information Technology (IIT). 175-180. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems.
  • Zhang, J., Carpenter, D., ve Ko, M. (2013). Online Astroturfing: A Theoretical Perspective. 19th Americas Conference on Information Systems, (AMCIS 2013). 1-7. Chicago: AIS Library.
  • About Us. (2006). Cambridge Analytica https://web.archive.org/web/20160216023554/https://cambridgeanalytica.org/about (Erişim Tarihi: 29.11.2021)
  • Aksoy, A., & Öztürk, T. TRstop. (16.05.2021). https://github.com/ahmetax/trstop (Erişim Tarihi: 29.06.2021)
  • Alexa Top Sites. https://www.alexa.com/topsites (Erişim Tarihi: 01.06.2021)
  • Attkisson, S. (01.2018). How Real Is Fake News? https://www.ted.com/talks/sharyl_attkisson_how_real_is_fake_news (Erişim Tarihi: 01.2018)
  • Boğaziçi Üniversitesi ayakta: Kayyum rektör istemiyoruz. (04.01.2021). https://www.sozcu.com.tr/2021/egitim/bogazici-universitesi-ayakta-kayyum-rektor-istemiyoruz-6196979 (Erişim Tarihi: 15.09.2021)
  • Cameron, D. (19.07.2010). Big Society Speech. https://www.voltairenet.org/article166381.html (Erişim Tarihi: 16.09.2021)
  • investor.twitter. https://s22.q4cdn.com/826641620/files/doc_financials/2020/q1/Q1-2020-Selected-Financials-and-Metrics.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 16.09.2021)
  • OSoMe. (2017). Botometer: https://botometer.osome.iu.edu/ (Erişim Tarihi: 25.07.2021)
  • 'Post-truth' declared word of the year by Oxford Dictionaries. (16.11.2016). https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-37995600 (Erişim Tarihi: 25.08.2021)
  • Sedat "SSG" Kapanoğlu ile Hayat ve İnternet Üstüne. (02.08.2020). https://fularsizentellik.com/podcast (Erişim Tarihi: 18.09.2021)
  • Twitter Hakkında. https://about.twitter.com/tr.html (Erişim Tarihi: 15.09.2021)
  • Wainwright, M. (24.10.2010). 'Big society' chosen as Oxford University's Word of 2010. https://www.theguardian.com/books/2010/nov/24/big-society-oxford-word-2010 (Erişim Tarihi: 30.09.2021)
  • Young, V. A. (27.05.2020). Nearly Half of the Twitter Accounts Discussing 'Reopening America' May Be Bots. https://www.cmu.edu/news/stories/archives/2020/may/twitter-bot-campaign.html (Erişim Tarihi: 3.09.2021)
  • Zafer, H. R. (08.12.2020). Resha-Turkish-Stemmer. https://github.com/hrzafer/resha-turkish-stemmer (Erişim Tarihi: 1.09.2021)

TWITTER’DA GÜNDEM BELİRLEME VE ASTROTURF FAALİYETLER: TÜRKİYE’DEKİ SİYASİ PARTİ LİDERLERİNİN ETİKETLENDİĞİ TWEETLER ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Year 2022, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 98 - 116, 01.05.2022

Abstract

İletişim ve bilişim araştırmalarında astroturf, çeşitli kişi ve grupların fikir ve kararlarını etkilemek için yapay bir halk desteği oluşturmak anlamına gelmektedir. Kavram adını, İngilizce taban hareketi anlamına gelen “grassroot” kelimesine gönderme yapacak şekilde bir yapay çim üreticisi olan AstroTurf markasından almaktadır. Bu araştırmada da Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren 5 büyük siyasi partinin genel başkanlarına yönelik Twitter’da paylaşılmış olan mesajlar arasında astroturf faaliyetler olup olmadığı araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla Twitter’da parti liderleri mention’lanarak paylaşılmış toplam 226,420 tweet incelenmiştir. Yapılan çalışma neticesinde incelenen tweetlerin %62’sinin astroturf faaliyetlerle ilişkili olabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır. Bu anlamda hem iktidar hem de muhalefet partilerinin astroturf faaliyetlerden etkilendiği araştırmaya yansımıştır.

References

  • Alnajran, N., Crockett, K., McLean, D., ve Latham, A. (2017). Cluster Analysis of Twitter Data: A Review of Algorithms. 9th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence (ICAART). Portugal: Science and Technology Publications (SCITEPRESS)/Springer Books.
  • Aytekin, Ç., ve Bayram, M. A. (2021). Türkçe Metinler İçin Duygu Analizi Yaklaşımı İle İletişimde Bağlamdan Bağımsız Modellerin Geliştirilmesi Üzerine Bir Araştırma: Karma Veri Uygulaması Önerisi. e-Journal of New Media / Yeni Medya Elektronik Dergi – eJNM, 12-25.
  • Başlar, G., ve Ateşalp, S. T. (2015). Katılımcı Kültür Tartışmaları Ekseninde Sosyal Medyada Diziler: Kardeş Payı Örneği. E-Journal of Intermedia, 158-180.
  • Boldyreva, E. (2018). Cambridge Analytica: Ethics And Online Manipulation With Decision-Making Process. 18th PCSF 2018 - Professional Сulture of the Specialist of the Future 91-102. ST. Petersburg: Future Academy.
  • Chernyshova, Smorodin G; Ovchinnikov, Alexey;. (2016). Technique of cluster validity for Text Mining. 6th International Conference - Cloud System and Big Data Engineering. 337-340). Noida, India: Institute of Electrics and Electronic Engingeers (IEEE).
  • Conway, B. A., Kenski, K., ve Wang, D. (2015). The Rise of Twitter in the Political Campaign: Searching for Intermedia Agenda-Setting Effects in the Presidential Primary . Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 363-380.
  • Filibeli, T. E., ve Şener, O. (2019). Manipüle Edilmiş Enformasyonel Bir Vitrin ve Popülist Bir Enformasyon Alanı Olarak Twitter. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Kültürel Çalışmalar Dergisi, 492-515.
  • Gorwa, R. (2017). Computational Propaganda in Poland: False Amplifiers and the Digital Public Sphere. 1-24.
  • Işıklı, Ş., ve Karaman, H. (2016). Twitter’daki Dini ve Etnik Temelli Nefret Söylemlerinin Analizi. AJIT-e: Online Academic Journal of Information Technology, 138-152.
  • Kollanyi, B., Howard, P. N., ve Woolley, S. C. (2016). Bots and Automation over Twitter during the Second U.S. Presidential Debate. Data Memo 2016.2. Oxford, UK: Project on Computational Propaganda., 1-5.
  • Kovic, M., Rauchfleisch, A., Sele, M., ve Caspar, C. (2018). Digital astroturfing in politics: Definition, typology, and countermeasures. Studies in Communication Sciences, 69-65.
  • Köselerli, B. B. (2017). Yeni Medya Ortaminin Yeni Kamusal Alan Olarak Kullanimi Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme. e-Journal of New World Sciences Academy, 51-64.
  • Lits, B. (2020). Detecting astroturf lobbying movements. CAP: Communication and the Public, 1-14. Llewellyn, C., Cram, L., Hill, R. L., ve Favero, A. (2019). For Whom the Bell Trolls: Shifting Troll Behaviour in the Twitter Brexit Debate. JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies, 1-17.
  • McCombs , M. E., vee Shaw, D. L. (1972). The Agenda-Setting Function Of Mass Media. American Association for Public Opinion Research, 176-187.
  • Meraz, S. (2018). Using Time Series Analysis to Measure Intermedia Agenda-Setting Influence in Traditional Media and Political Blog Networks. Journalism & Mass Communication, 176-194.
  • Santini, R. M., Salles, D., ve Tucci, G. (2021). When Machine Behavior Targets Future Voters: The Use of Social Bots to Test Narratives for Political Campaigns in Brazil. International Journal of Communication, 1220-1243.
  • Stefan, S., Florian, B., Ross, B., ve Jung, A.-K. (2017). Do Social Bots Dream of Electric Sheep? A Categorisation of Social Media Bot Accounts. Australasian Conference on Information Systems, (pp. 1-11). Hobart, Australia.
  • Varol, O., Ferrara, E., Davis, C. A., Menczer, F., ve Flammini, A. (2017). Online Human-Bot Interactions: Detection, Estimation, and Characterization. Eleventh International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media (ICWSM 2017). 280-289. California: The AAAI Press.
  • Wang ve Yu. (2015). World Cup 2014 in the Twitter World: A big data analysis of sentiments in U.S. sports fans' tweets. Computers in Human Behavior, 392-400.
  • Zaki, N., Mohamed, E. A., ve Alashwal, H. (2018). Detecting Social Bots on Twitter: A Literature Review. 2018 International Conference on Innovations in Information Technology (IIT). 175-180. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems.
  • Zhang, J., Carpenter, D., ve Ko, M. (2013). Online Astroturfing: A Theoretical Perspective. 19th Americas Conference on Information Systems, (AMCIS 2013). 1-7. Chicago: AIS Library.
  • About Us. (2006). Cambridge Analytica https://web.archive.org/web/20160216023554/https://cambridgeanalytica.org/about (Erişim Tarihi: 29.11.2021)
  • Aksoy, A., & Öztürk, T. TRstop. (16.05.2021). https://github.com/ahmetax/trstop (Erişim Tarihi: 29.06.2021)
  • Alexa Top Sites. https://www.alexa.com/topsites (Erişim Tarihi: 01.06.2021)
  • Attkisson, S. (01.2018). How Real Is Fake News? https://www.ted.com/talks/sharyl_attkisson_how_real_is_fake_news (Erişim Tarihi: 01.2018)
  • Boğaziçi Üniversitesi ayakta: Kayyum rektör istemiyoruz. (04.01.2021). https://www.sozcu.com.tr/2021/egitim/bogazici-universitesi-ayakta-kayyum-rektor-istemiyoruz-6196979 (Erişim Tarihi: 15.09.2021)
  • Cameron, D. (19.07.2010). Big Society Speech. https://www.voltairenet.org/article166381.html (Erişim Tarihi: 16.09.2021)
  • investor.twitter. https://s22.q4cdn.com/826641620/files/doc_financials/2020/q1/Q1-2020-Selected-Financials-and-Metrics.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 16.09.2021)
  • OSoMe. (2017). Botometer: https://botometer.osome.iu.edu/ (Erişim Tarihi: 25.07.2021)
  • 'Post-truth' declared word of the year by Oxford Dictionaries. (16.11.2016). https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-37995600 (Erişim Tarihi: 25.08.2021)
  • Sedat "SSG" Kapanoğlu ile Hayat ve İnternet Üstüne. (02.08.2020). https://fularsizentellik.com/podcast (Erişim Tarihi: 18.09.2021)
  • Twitter Hakkında. https://about.twitter.com/tr.html (Erişim Tarihi: 15.09.2021)
  • Wainwright, M. (24.10.2010). 'Big society' chosen as Oxford University's Word of 2010. https://www.theguardian.com/books/2010/nov/24/big-society-oxford-word-2010 (Erişim Tarihi: 30.09.2021)
  • Young, V. A. (27.05.2020). Nearly Half of the Twitter Accounts Discussing 'Reopening America' May Be Bots. https://www.cmu.edu/news/stories/archives/2020/may/twitter-bot-campaign.html (Erişim Tarihi: 3.09.2021)
  • Zafer, H. R. (08.12.2020). Resha-Turkish-Stemmer. https://github.com/hrzafer/resha-turkish-stemmer (Erişim Tarihi: 1.09.2021)
There are 35 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Communication and Media Studies
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Melih Cem Kılıç 0000-0001-5908-0728

Publication Date May 1, 2022
Submission Date January 18, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 2 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Kılıç, M. C. (2022). TWITTER’DA GÜNDEM BELİRLEME VE ASTROTURF FAALİYETLER: TÜRKİYE’DEKİ SİYASİ PARTİ LİDERLERİNİN ETİKETLENDİĞİ TWEETLER ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA. İletişim Bilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2(2), 98-116.

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