The Effect of Bank Employees with a Postgraduate Education Level on Credit Risk and Financial Performance

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of the educational qualifications of bank personnel on Turkish banks. Within the scope of the study, based on the annual data of 21 banks operating in Turkey during the 2004-2019 period. The factors affecting the non-performing loans of banks have been examined with static panel data analysis methods over five different models. A random effects method was used in the analysis. The results show that Non-Performing Loans and Loan Loss Provisions, which are the credit risk indicators of the bank, decreased with the increase in the ratio of personnel with postgraduate education, which is used as a human capital indicator for banks. It reveals that investment in postgraduate personnel reduces the credit risk of banks by less than 1% and at a level of 5% significance. These results were also corroborated by a sensitivity analysis. However, it has been determined that the level of postgraduate education, which is used as a human capital indicator of banks, does not have a significant relationship with the Z-Score, which is an indicator of bankruptcy risk, and Asset on Equity and Return on Equity, which is an indicator of profitability.

Keywords

• Non-Performing Loans
• Financial Performance
• Human Capital
• Credit Risk

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, banka personelinin eğitim niteliklerinin Türk bankaları üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Çalışma kapsamında, 2004-2019 döneminde Türkiye’de faaliyette bulunan 21 bankanın yıllık verileri üzerinden bankaların personellerinin eğitim seviyesinin bankaların kredi kalitesine ve finansal performansına etkisi ele alınmıştır. Bankaların takipteki alacaklarını etkileyen faktörler beş farklı model üzerinden statik panel veri analizi yöntemleri ile incelenmiştir. Analizlerde rassal etkiler yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar, bankalar açısından beşeri sermaye göstergesi olarak kullanılan lisansüstü eğitime sahip personel oranın artmasıyla bankanın kredi risk göstergesi olan NPL ve LLP’nin azaldığını göstermektedir. Lisansüstü yüksek personele yapılan yatırımın bankaların kredi riskini %1'den az ve %5 önem düzeyinde azalttığını ortaya koymaktadır. Bu sonuçlar duyarlılık analiziyle de sağlamlaştırılmıştır. Ancak bankaların beşeri sermaye göstergesi olarak kullanılan lisansüstü eğitim düzeyinin bankaların iflas riski göstergesi olan Z-Skor ve kârlılık göstergesi olan ROA ve ROE ile anlamlı bir ilişkisi olmadığı belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

• Beşeri Sermaye
• Takipteki Krediler
• Kredi Riski
• Banka
• Türkiye

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