Mali Cumhuriyeti Yönetimi Yapılanmasına Fransız Sömürge Yönetiminin Etkileri

Abstract

Şimdiki resmi adı Mali Cumhuriyeti olan Afrika ülkesi, 1960 öncesi sömürgecilik döneminde “Fransız Sudanı” adı altında kolonyalizmin getirdiği yönetim sistemi ile yönetilmiştir. Sömürgeciliğin tüm acımasızlığı ile uygulandığı Fransız Sudanı’nda her ne kadar bazı direnişlerle karşılaşılmış olsa da sömürge yönetimi olanca kuvvetiyle hemen her alanda izler bırakmayı başarmıştır. Şimdiki yönetim sistemine bakıldığında, kurumsal, ekonomik, kültürel alanlarda kolonyal idarenin bıraktığı miras ile devam edildiği hatta yeni sömürge uygulamalarına kaynaklık ettiği görülmektedir.

Keywords

• Mali Cumhuriyeti,Sömürge,Fransa

The Effects of French Colonial Administration on the Administration Structure of the Republic of Mali

Abstract

Before 1960, during the colonization period, the Republic of Mali was called as “French Soudan” and it was governed with the values of the colonization system. The colonization system caused many inhuman pratices in French Soudan. Even though, many people resisted those inhuman treatments, the colonization system accomplish to leave various and huge traces. For instance, even today, the contemporary government system in the Republic of Mali has those heritage of the old colonial system particularly at institutional, economic, cultural and administrative levels.

Keywords

• Republic of Mali,Colonization,France

References

1. AEDD (2011), “Profil National pour Evaluer les Capacites Nationales de Mise en Oeuvre du Principe 10 de la Déclaration de Rio” https://www.unitar.org/egp/sites/unitar.org.egp/files/Mali_Profil%20National_Final_23%20Fe b%202011_0.pdf, Erişim Tarihi 10.06.2016. Almamy Samory Toure L’Empereur du Wassoulou, http://www.conakrylife. com/fichiers/videos5.php?langue=fr&idc=fr_Almamy_Samory_TOURE__l__Empereur_d u_WASSOULOU_108, 19.05.2016. Biyidi, Odile, Raphaël Granvaud, Fabrice Tarrit, Antonin Wattenberg, Alexis Chareyron, Olivier Thimonier (2006), “La France Coloniale d’Hier et d’Aujourd’hui” http://survie.org/IMG/pdf_brochure_Survie._La_France_coloniale_d_hier_et_d_aujourd_hui._ v2006.pdf. Erişim Tarihi: 05.03.2016. CDSRAC (Centre de Developpement Sous-Regional pour L’Afrique Centrale) (2016), “Le Franc Cfa Et L’integration Economique En Afrique Centrale: Options Et Alternatives”, http://repository.uneca.org/bitstream/handle/10855/4875/Bib-32234.pdf?sequence=1. erişim tarihi 09.03.2016. Djire, Moussa (2004) “Mythes et réalités de la gouvernance locale: l’expérience de la commune rurale de Sanakoroba, Mali”, İİED, http://pubs.iied.org/pdfs/9502FIIED.pdf, erişim tarihi 25.04.2016. Djire, Moussa, Keita; Amadou (2010), Revues des Expériences en Matère de Gouvernement des Ressources Naturelles et des İndustries Extractives cas du Mali” http://www.iedafrique.org/IMG/pdf/Revue_pays_Malipdf.pdf, Erişim Tarihi 16.07.2106. Dramé, Patrick Papa (2007), L’imperialisme Coloniale Française En Afrique, Edition L’Harmattan, Paris. Elmouloud, Yattara, “Une Histoire du Mali” http://www.onmali. org/joomla/__GED/pdf/mali_independant.pdf, Erişim Tarihi 16.07.2016. Guinant, Priscille (2013), “La Politique De La France En Afrique Subsaharienne Après Les İndépendances”, İ.E.P de Toulouse France, http://memoires.sciencespotoulouse. fr/uploads/memoires/2013/DECR/memoire_GUINANT-PRISCILLE.pdf http://www.worldbulletin.net/haber/152967/french-colonial-tax-still-enforce-for-africa erişim tarihi 09.06.2016. Kamga, Osee (2010), “L’Afrique Dans Le Systeme Economique Mondial: Le Jeu Vaut-İl La Chandelle”, ACPAS, No: 2. Kodia, Noel (2016), “Le Franc Cfa: Un İnstrument De Domination Economique?” http://www.cesbc.org/personnalites/le_franc_cfa.pdf. Erişim Tarihi: 09.03.2016 Koutonin, Mawuna Remarque (2014), “Le Pacte Colonial Français”, http://www.arsytek.org/DOCs/Le_pacte_colonial_Francais.pdf Erişim Tarihi 09.06.2016. Le Systeme D’admınıstratıon Coloniale, http://colonisationrci.free.fr/textes/2administration.htm. Erişim Tarihi: 07.03.2016. Mara, Moussa (2010), L’Etat du Mali, Nouvelle İmprimérie Bamakoise (NİB), Bamako. Marchand, Christophe (2016), “La Colonisation Et La Domination Europeenne Vers 1880 – Vers 1939”, http://erra.perso.neuf.fr/ranguin/MARCHAND/colonisation1880-1939.html. erişim 03.03.2016. Mbodji, Aissatou, “les langues africaines et le developpement” http://www.afrique-demain.org/debat- 101-les-langues-africaines-et-le-developpement, Erişim Tarihi 19.05.2016. Pakarinen, Anu (2009), “Le Statut du Français en Afraique. La Politique Linguistique au Mali et Senegal”, Universite de Tempere, thèse non publié, http://uta32- kk.lib.helsinki.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/80917/gradu03793.pdf?sequence=1, 12.05.2016. Raphaele, Masure (2009), “Les Centres Culturels Français D’afrique Francophone, Des Structures Legitimes, Entre Developpement Et İnfluence, Qui Peine A Trouver Un Second Soufle”, Universite Lyon 2 institues d’etudes politiques de Lyon, seminaire non publé, http://doc.sciencespolyon. fr/Ressources/Documents/Etudiants/Memoires/Cyberdocs/MFE2009/masure_r/pdf/masur e_r.pdf, Erişim Tarihi 12.05.2016. Roche, Christian (2013), “Regards sur l’histoire du Mali”, Fevrier, http://aphglyon.free.fr/regards-surl- histoire-du-mali.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 16.03.2016. Sielenou, Carlos, Ndenkop Olivier, Kamgang Hubert, Dembele Demba Moussa, Agbohou Nicolas, Essombo Dieudonne (2016), “Nous ne Voulons Plus le Franc CFA” Janvier, No.17, Le journal de L’Afrique, http://docplayer.fr/11801924-Editorial-nous-ne-voulons-plus-du-franc-cfa-lesarguments- politiques-et-juridiques-pour-se-debarrasser-du-franc-cfa-franc-cfa-70-ans-casuffit. html, 12.05.2016. Web sitesi le Blog des Cultures du Mali (2012), “Samory Touré, l’homme qui Résista à l’İmpérialisme Française” http://cultures-maliennes.over-blog.com/article-samory-toure-l-homme-qui-resistaa- l-imperialisme-fran-ais-109288199.html, 19.07.2016.