2008 Sonrası: BRICS ve Yeni Kalkınma Bankası Küresel Ekonomik Yönetişimi Nasıl Yeniden Şekillendiriyor?

Year 2025, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 5 - 15, 11.10.2025

Enes Çelebi

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı BRICS ve NDB'nin küresel ekonomik yönetişimi yeniden şekillendirmedeki rolünü açıklamaktır. BRICS ve NDB, Batı merkezli kurumlara karşı alternatif kurumlar olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. BRICS ülkelerinin eylemlerinin arkasındaki nedenleri anlayabilmek için tarihsel süreç süreci takip etmeye yardımcı olacaktır. Bu bağlamda Eleştirel Teori, BRICS ülkeleri tarafından gerçekleştirilen eylemlerin nedenlerini açıklığa kavuşturacaktır. Dahası, BRICS’in küresel manzarayı yeniden şekillendirmedeki rolleri, 2008'den sonraki iç ticaret ve yatırım girişimleri ve COVID-19 girişimleri ve yanıtları da açıklanmaktadır. Eşitsiz ve birleşik kalkınma ve Güney-Güney iş birliği kavramları, rollerin analizini destekleyecek ve derinleştirecektir. Ayrıca çalışma, BRICS'in Batı merkezli ekonomik düzen ve baskıya karşı önemli bir aktör olarak ortaya çıkmasının küresel ekonomideki güç dengesini değiştirdiğini ve ülkelere daha verimli ve iş birlikçi bir mekanizma sunarak daha çekici hale geldiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Makale, Güney-Güney işbirliğinin kurumsal ifadeleri olarak BRICS ve NDB'nin, alternatif kalkınma odaklı kavramlar, ulusal egemenliğe saygı ve çok kutupluluk yoluyla 2008 sonrası küresel finans düzenindeki neoliberal normlara ve güç eşitsizliklerine meydan okuduğunu varsaymaktadır. Bu çalışma küresel finansal yönetişimde dönüşüm tartışmalarına eleştirel teorik perspektif, güney- güney işbirliği ve eşitsiz ve birleşik kalkınma perspektifinden bütüncül bir bakış açısı sağlayarak literatüre katkı sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır.

Keywords

BRICS , Yeni Kalkınma Bankası (NDB) , Küresel Ekonomik Yönetişim , Alternatif Finansal Kuruluşlar.

Post 2008: How BRICS and New Development Bank are Reshaping Global Economic Governance?

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to explain the role of BRICS and NDB in reshaping global economic governance. The BRICS and NDB have emerged as alternative institutions against Western-based institutions. To be able to understand the reasons behind the actions of BRICS countries, the historical process will help to follow the process. In this context, Critical Theory will clarify the reasons for the actions taken by the BRICS countries. Furthermore, their roles in reshaping the global landscape are explained by their internal trade and investment initiatives after 2008 and their COVID-19 initiatives and responses. The concepts of uneven and combined development and South-South cooperation will support and deepen the analysis of the roles. Moreover, the study reveals that the emergence of BRICS as an important actor against the Western-centered economic order and pressure has changed the balance of power in the global economy and has become more attractive by offering countries a more efficient and cooperative mechanism. The paper hypothesizes that the BRICS and NDB, as institutional expressions of South-South cooperation, challenge neoliberal norms and power inequalities in the pıst-2008 global financial order through alternative development-oriented concepts, respect for national sovereignty and multipolarity. This study aims to contribute to the literature by providing a comprehensive perspective on the transformation of global financial governance through the lenses of critical theory, South-South cooperation, and the uneven and combined development framework.

Keywords

BRICS , New Development Bank (NDB) , Global Economic Governance , Alternative Financial Institutions.

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