Osteokondral Doku Mühendisliği,

Abstract

Ortopedik cerrahide, osteokondral hasarların tedavisi hala tam olarak gerçekleştirilememektedir. Osteokondral hasarlar, aynı anda hem eklem kıkırdağı hem de subkondral kemikte hasarın görüldüğü durumları ifade etmektedir. Bu hasarların tedavisi için kıkırdak, kemik ve kıkırdak-kemik ara yüzeyinin fiziksel ve kimyasal özelliklerini göz önünde bulunduracak yaklaşımlara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Osteokondral hasarların tedavisi için birçok cerrahi yöntemi geliştirilmiş olsa da bu yöntemler geçici bir iyileşme sağlar. Bu nedenle tedavi edici alternatif yöntemler üzerinde yoğun bir şekilde çalışılmaktadır. Bu noktada, osteokondral doku mühendisliği, biyomalzeme, hücreler ve çeşitli biyoaktif moleküllerin kullanımıyla, osteokondral hasarların tedavisi için ön plana çıkmaktadır. Bu derlemede, osteokondral doku mühendisliğinin temelleri, osteokondral dokunun yapısı, osteokondral hasarların tedavisinde kullanılan cerrahi yöntemler, bu alanda kullanılan biyomalzemeler ve tek/çok fazlı doku iskelesi tasarımları ve kullanımları, kullanılan büyüme faktörleri ve hücreler örnekleriyle anlatılmıştır.

Keywords

• Osteokondral doku mühendisliği,çok fazlı doku iskelesi,büyüme faktörü,kondrosit,kök hücre

Osteochondral Tissue Engineering

Abstract

Treatment of osteochondral defects can not be completely achieved in orthopaedic surgery. Osteochondral defects reflect damage to both the articular cartilage as well as the underside subchondral bone. The treatment strategies should take into consideration the physical and chemical properties of cartilage, bone and cartilage-bone interface. Although there are several surgical methods developed for the treatment of osteochondral defects, both of them have ensured temporary healing. Therefore, there have been intense efforts on alternative strategies for osteochondral regeneration. At this point, osteochondral tissue engineering have come to the forefront by using the combinations of biomaterials, cells and several bioactive molecules. In this review, fundamentals of osteochondral tissue engineering, osteochondral tissue structure and surgical treatment methods, the biomaterials used and design of single/multiphasic scaffolds, growth factors and cells are comprehensively presented with the current literature examples.

Keywords

• Osteochondral tissue engineering,multiphasic scaffold,growth factor,chondrocyte,stem cell

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