The main aim of this article is to identify how the
ruins of Ephesus was taken from to England in the 19th century, by using
scientific data. Throughout history, the western countries have been attracted
to the Anatolian lands, which contain many civilizations, because of their
cultural assets. The European states in search of identity have concentrated on
the ancient cities in the Anatolia and they have done a lot of excavations
around here. One of the cities where excavation work was done is the ancient
city of Ephesus. The work of Ephesus in the list of UNESCO World Cultural
Heritage in 2015, conducted by England and Austria. The ancient artifacts found during these excavations
were moved to the countries that made excavations. Many ancient artifacts were
destroyed during the search and transportation of artifacts.
The
ancient artifacts consciousness in Europe began with the Renaissance, it was
too late in the Ottoman Empire. Due to the political situation in the Ottoman
Empire which was in the process of disintegration and collapse in the 19th
century, did not show the necessary importance to the ancient artifacts. The
first excavations in the ancient city of Ephesus were initiated by the English
engineer John Turtle Wood in 1869. The ancient artifacts gathered in a station
under the pretext of building a museum on behalf of the sultan, were taken to
England by ships from İzmir port. Ottoman state officials have noticed this too
late. This situation was met with reaction by some intellectuals, especially
Osman Hamdi Bey and tried to take some precautions.
Ottoman Empire Conveying Ephesus Ruins John Turtle Wood Osman Hamdi Bey Historical Artifacts Smuggling
Bu çalışma
19. yüzyılda Efes Harabeleri’nin İngiltere’ye nasıl götürüldüğünü bilimsel
verilerle ortaya çıkarmayı amaçlamaktadır. Birçok medeniyeti içinde barındıran
Anadolu toprakları, sahip olduğu kültürel varlıklar sebebiyle tarih boyunca
Batılı devletlerin ilgisini çekmiştir. Kimlik arayışında olan Avrupalı
devletler Anadolu’da bulunan antik kentler üzerinde yoğunlaşmışlar ve buralarda
pek çok kazı çalışmaları yapmışlardır. Kazı çalışmaları yapılan kentlerden
birisi de Efes antik kentidir. 2015 yılı itibariyle UNESCO Dünya Kültür Mirası
listesine alınan Efes kentindeki çalışmalar, İngiltere ve Avusturya tarafından
yürütülmüştür. Bu kazı çalışmaları sırasında bulunan antik eserler kazıları
yapan ülkelerin müzelerine taşınmıştır. Eserleri arama ve taşıma işlemleri
sırasında pek çok antik eser de tahrip edilmiştir.
Osmanlı İmparatorluğu Efes Harabelerinin Nakli John Turtle Wood Osman Hamdi Bey Tarihi Eser Kaçakçılığı
Primary Language | Turkish |
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Subjects | Archaeology |
Journal Section | Articles |
Authors | |
Publication Date | July 3, 2019 |
Published in Issue | Year 2019 Volume: 2 Issue: 1 |