Çin'in Büyüyen Enerji Talebinin Karşılanmasında Afrika’nın Önemi

Year 2017, Issue: 12, 189 - 222, 01.07.2017

Meriç Subaşı Ertekin

Abstract

Çin’in 1978 yılı sonrası hızlı bir büyüme ve sanayileşme sürecine girmesinin meydana getirdiği enerji ihtiyacı, enerji ve enerji güvenliği konularını ön plana çıkarmıştır. Düşük işgücü maliyetleri ve hükümet desteklerinin teşvik ettiği yerli ve yabancı yatırımların artmasıyla enerji talebi önemli ölçüde artan Çin’in kendi enerji kaynakları ise ihtiyacını karşılayamamaktadır. Bu yüzden, Çin, artan petrol ihtiyacını daha rahat karşılayabilmek için diğer bölge ve ülkeler ile yakın ilişkiler kurma politikası izlemiştir. Bu çerçevede petrol üretimi alanında yeni rezervler sunan Afrika Kıtası ile olan ilişkileri dikkat çekicidir. Bu çalışmada, Çin’in artan enerji talebi ve Afrika ile enerji alanındaki ilişkileri ele alınarak değerlendirilmektedir. Bu amaçla, Çin’in enerji tüketimi ve talebindeki gelişmeler ele alındıktan sonra Afrika ile enerji ithalatı, yatırımları ve politikaları değerlendirilmeye çalışılmaktadır. Sonuçta, Çin’in Enerji tüketiminin ve talebinin hızla arttığı ve enerji gereksinimini karşılamada ithalat seçeneğinin yanı sıra bu bölgelerdeki enerji kaynakları ve bu kaynakların iletim yolları üzerinde etkili olmak için bölgeye yönelik çok sayıda projenin ve yatırımların geliştirildiği görülmektedir.

Keywords

Çin ekonomisi, Afrika, petrol, enerji kaynakları.

The Importance of Africa to Meet China’s Growing Energy Demand

Abstract

The energy need of China, which grew in a fast manner together with an industrialization process after 1978, brought to the agenda the issues like energy demand and energy safety. The energy demand of China increased with the increases in foreign investments encouraged by low labor force costs and incentives by the Government, and its own resources cannot cover such a big demand. For this reason, China started new policies in which she established close relations with the other countries of the region in order to cover its increasing oil demands. In this context, the relations between China and the African Continent, which presents new reserves in oil production, are interesting. In this study, the increasing energy demand of China and the relations between China and Africa in the field of energy was studied. For this purpose, after the developments in the energy consumption and demand of China are dealt with, the energy import, investments and policies of China in Africa have been assessed. In conclusion, it is observed that the energy consumption and demand of China are increasing with a great speed, and there are several options for China to cover these energy needs, like importing energy and like many other projects and investments in the region to become influential on the transportation routes of the energy resources.

Keywords

The Economy of China, Africa, oil, energy sources.

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