Neoliberalizm ve Çin

Year 2021, Issue: 26, 268 - 289, 30.04.2021

M. Nergis Ataçay

Abstract

1970’lerin sonunda reform dönemi başladığından beri, Çin çarpıcı bir ekonomik performans kaydetmiştir. Sonuç olarak, bu reform tecrübesi bütün dünyanın ilgisini çekmiştir ve bu süreçle ilgili farklı akademik açıklamalar ortaya konulmuştur. Çin’in yeni sisteminin neoliberalizme bir alternatif teşkil ettiği yaklaşımına karşılık, bu yazı Çin devletinin reform döneminde neoliberal politikalar uygulamasındaki rolü, dönüşen toplumsal ilişkiler, devam eden yoksulluk ve farklı türlerdeki eşitsizlik problemleri üzerine vurgu yapmaktadır. Çin’in neoliberalizme alternatif olması konusu üzerine tartışmak, alternatifi olmadığı iddia edilen neoliberalizme ilişkin tartışmaları da gözden geçirmeyi gerekli kılmaktadır. Bu çerçevede, makalenin amacı Çin’in 1980’lerin başından itibaren geçirdiği ekonomik ve toplumsal dönüşümün neoliberal sisteme alternative oluşturmadığını açıklamaktır.

Keywords

Neoliberalizm, Çin Reform Dönemi, Çin Devleti, Yoksulluk, Eşitsizlikler.

Neoliberalism and China

Abstract

China recorded a remarkable economic performance since the reform period began at the end of the 1970s. Consequently, this reform experience attracted the attention of the whole world and different academic explanations of the process have emerged. In response to the approach which views China’s new system as an alternative to neoliberalism, this paper puts emphasis on the role of the Chinese state in implementing neoliberal policies during the reform period, transforming social relations and sustaining problems of poverty and different types of inequalities. Discussing whether China would be seen as an alternative to neoliberalism also necessitates to overview the discussions on neoliberalism which has been presented to have no alternative. Within this perspective, the purpose of this paper is to explain that China’s economic and social transformation since the beginning of the 1980s has not been an alternative to the neoliberal system.

Keywords

Neoliberalism, China’s Reform Period, China State, Poverty, Inequalities.

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