Yeni Veriler Işığında Göbekli Tepe Neolitik Kültür Bölgesi'ndeki Hayvan Sembolizmine Alternatif Bir Bakış (Göbekli Tepe, Sayburç)

Year 2023, Issue: 33, 365 - 383, 31.05.2023

Orhan Ayaz

https://doi.org/10.54600/igdirsosbilder.1252928

Cited By: 4

Abstract

Göbekli Tepe Neolitik kültüründeki sembolizmin en şaşırtıcı ve ayırt edici özelliklerinden birisi hayvanların yaygın olarak kullanılmasıdır. Şimdiye kadar yapılan yorumlar daha çok hayvanların yabaniliği ve bu dönem insanların spiritüel dünyasında oynadıkları roller ile ilgili olmuştur. Söz konusu bakış açısı bu dönemde, insan ile hayvanlar arasında sınırlı bir fiziksel etkileşimin olduğu sonucuna götürmekteydi. Bu çalışma Güneybatı Asya’daki yeni arkeofaunal veri ve yaklaşımlardan ve Göbekli Tepe Neolitik kültür bölgesinde arkeolojik çalışmalarda genellikle göz ardı edilen tuzak alanları ekonomisinden hareket ederek bu bölgedeki hayvan sembolizmine alternatif bir bakış sunacaktır. Çalışma bölgedeki özellikle hayvan sembolizminden hareketle, ölümcül hayvan-insan ve hayvan-hayvan müsabakalarıyla ilişkilendirilebilecek ritüellerin yapılmış olabileceğini iddia edecektir. Dahası en azından bazı müsabakaların bölgedeki tuzak alanlarında yapılmış olabileceğini ileri sürecektir. Ayrıca literatürde iddia edildiği gibi bu bölgede hayvan sembolizminin hayvanların kontrol altına alınıp evcilleştirmesine neden olduğu tezi yerine etkileşimli bir sürecin daha makul olabileceği söylenebilir. Bu bakış açısı bu bölge için daha yakın ve yoğun insan-hayvan etkileşiminin varlığını ima ederek Göbekli Tepe sembolizminde hâkim duygunun vahşi olana ilişkin korku olmadığını ortaya atacaktır.

Keywords

Göbekli Tepe, Sayburç, tuzak alanları, Çanak Çömleksiz Neolitik, hayvan sembolizmi

Supporting Institution

Bu proje, hiç bir kurum ya da kuruluş tarafından desteklenmemiştir.

An Alternative View on Animal Symbolism in The Göbekli Tepe Neolithic Cultural Region in the Light of New Data (Göbekli Tepe, Sayburç)

Abstract

One of the most surprising and distinguishing characteristics of the symbolism in the Göbekli Tepe Neolithic Culture is the widespread use of animals. The interpretations of this symbolism up to this date were more often on the wildness of these animals and the roles that they have played in the spiritual world of the humans of the period. The perspective in question led to the conclusion that at this period the physical interaction between humans and animals was limited. This study is based on the new archaeofaunal data and approaches regarding Southwest Asia and the hunting ground economy of “the Göbekli Tepe Neolithic Cultural Region” that is generally neglected in the archaeological studies, and will offer an alternative perspective on the animal symbolism of the region. This study argues that this cultural area might have hosted rituals that could be related with the deadly animal-human and animal-animal contests based especially on the animal symbolism of this region. Furthermore, this study suggests at least some of the contests might have been held in the entrapment areas of this region. In addition, despite the claim in the literature that that the animal symbolism of the region caused the control and domestication of animals, the claim here is that a more reasonable argument would the presence of a more interactive process: the perspective in this study suggests an already existing intense human-animal interaction, and that the prevalent emotion in the Göbekli Tepe symbolism was not the fear of the wild.

Keywords

Göbekli Tepe, Sayburç, entrapment areas, Pre-Pottery Neolithic, animal symbolism

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