Otomatik pozitif hav a yolu basıncı (APAP) cihazları ile devamlı pozitif hava yolu basıncı (CPAP) arasında hasta başarı, apne-hipopne indeksi (AHI) ve kompliyans açısından özel durumlar dışında fark saptanmamıştır ancak aralarında maliyetyarar açısından ciddi farklar bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı APAP cihazları ile manuel CPAP cihazlarının kan gazı, özellikle parsiyel karbondioksit basınçları üzerine etkilerini araştırmaktır. Uyku polikliniğine horlama, gece nefes darlığı, ve / veya tanıklı apne nedeniyle başvuran daha önce polisomnografi (PSG) tetkiki ile obstrüktif uyku apne sendromu (OUAS) tanısıyla CPAP endikasyonu alan 80 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastalar CPAP ve APAP titrasyonu yapılmak üzere randomize edilerek 40 kişilik 2 gruba ayrıldı. Manuel CPAP ve APAP titrasyonu sonrası gece boyunca gereken ortalama basınç, gecenin %90'ında gereken maksimum basınç (P%90) ve titrasyon öncesi ve sonrası kan gazı değerleri analiz edildi. CPAP ve APAP titrasyonları karşılaştırıldığında gecenin %90'nında gereken en yüksek basınç ve komplians açısından aralarında fark saptanmamıştır. CPAP ve APAP grupları titrasyon sonrası polisomnografi ve kan gazı değerleri açısından karşılaştırıldığında APAP grubunda AHI ve oksihemoglobin satürasyonunu %90'nın altında geçirdiği süre (T%90) değerlerinin daha düşük ve minimum oksihemoglobin değerinin daha yüksek olduğu, bunun dışında diğer kan gazı değerleri açısından fark olmadığı saptandı. Diğer çalışmalarla uyumlu şekilde bu çalışmada APAP cihazlarının CPAP cihazlarına komplians, uygulanan basınç düzeyleri ve uyku etkinliği ve uyku evreleri açısından bir üstünlük sağlamadı. Bildiğimiz kadarıyla literatürde ilk kez araştırılan APAP tedavisinin arteryal kan gazı değerleri üzerine etkisi CPAP tedavisinden farklı bulunmadı.
1. Muller JE, Tofler GH, Stone PH. Circadian
variation and triggers of onset of acute
cardio-vascular disease. Circulation 1989;
79: 733-43.
2. Kushida CA, Littner MR, Morgenthaler T,
Alessi CA, Bailey D, Coleman J Jr, Friedman
L, Kapen S, Kapur VK, Kramer M, Lee-Chiong
T, Owens J, Pancer JP, Swick TJ, Wise MS.
Practise parameters for the indications for
polysomnography and related procedures:
an update for 2005. Sleep 2005; 28: 499-
521.
3. Gordon P, Sanders MH. Positive airway
pressure therapy for obstructive sleep
apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome. Thorax 2005;
60: 68-75.
4. Collard P, Rodenstein DO. Nasal continuous
positive airway pressure for sleep apnoea.
European Respiratory Monograph 1998; 10:
179-204.
5. West SD, Jones DR, Stradling JR. Comparison
of three ways to determine and deliver
pressure during nasal CPAP therapy for
obstructive sleep apnoea. Thorax 2006; 61:
226-31.
6. Hoffstein V, Mateika S. Predicting nasal
continuous positive airway pressure. Am J
Respir Crit Care Med 1994; 50: 486-8.
7. Littner M, Hirshkowitz M, Davila D, Anderson
WM, Kushida CA, Woodson BT, Johnson SF,
Merrill SW. Practice parameters for the use
of auto-titrating continuous positive airway
pressure devices for titrating pressures and
treating adult patients with obstructive sleep
apnea syndrome. An American Academy of
Sleep Medicine report. Sleep 2002; 25: 143-7.
8. Morgenthaler TI, Aurora RN, Brown T, Zak R,
Alessi C, Boehlecke B, Chesson AL Jr,
Friedman L, Kapur V, Maganti R, Owens J,
Pancer J, Swick TJ. Practice parameters for
the use of autotitrating continuous positive airway pressure devices for titrating pressures
and treating adult patients with obstructive
sleep apnea syndrome: an update
for 2007. An American Academy of Sleep
Medicine report. Sleep 2008; 31: 141-7.
9. Haniffa M, Lasserson TJ, Smith I. Interventions
to improve compliance with continuous
positive airway pressure for obstructive
sleep apnoea. Cochrane Database Syst Rev
2004; 4: CD003531.
10. Galetke W, Anduleit N, Richter K, Stieglitz S,
Randerath WJ. Comparison of automatic and
continuous positive airway pressure in a
night-by-night analysis: a randomized, crossover
study. Respiration 2008; 75: 163-9.
11. Sériès F, Marc I. Efficacy of automatic
continuous positive airway pressure therapy
that uses an estimated required pressure in
the treatment of the obstructive sleep apnea
syndrome. Ann Intern Med 1997; 127: 588-
95.
12. Konermann M, Sanner BM, Vyleta M,
Laschewski F, Groetz J, Sturm A, Zidek W.
Use of conventional and self-adjusting nasal
continuous positive airway pressure for
treatment of severe obstructive sleep apnea
syndrome: a comparative study. Chest 1998;
113: 714-8.
13. Massie CA, McArdle N, Hart RW, SchmidtNowara
WW, Lankford A, Hudgel DW, Gordon
N, Douglous NJ. Comparison between
automatic and fixed positive airway pressure
therapy in the home. Am J Respir Crit Care
Med 2003; 167: 20-3.
14. Meurice JC, Marc I, Sériès F. Efficacy of
auto-CPAP in the treatment of obstructive
sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome. Am J
Respir Crit Care Med 1996; 153: 794-8.
15. Rabe KF, Hurd S, Anzueto A, Barnes PJ,
Buist SA, Calverley P, Fukuchi Y, Jenkins C,
Rodriguez-Roisin R, van Weel C, Zielinski J. Global strategy for the diagnosis, management,
and prevention of chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease: Global Iniative for
chronic obstructive lung disease (GOLD)
Workshop summary 2006; 7-15.
16. Schmidt-Nowara W, Lowe A, Wiegand L,
Cartwright R, Perez-Guerra F, Menn S. Oral
appliances for the treatment of snoring and
obstructive sleep apnea: a review. Sleep
1995;18: 501-10.
17. Kribbs NB, Pack AI, Kline LR, Getsy JE,
Schuett JS, Henry JN, Maislin G, Dinges DF.
Effects of one night without nasal CPAP
treatment on sleep and sleepiness in
patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Am
Rev Respir Dis 1993; 147: 1162-8.
18. Naëgelé B, Thouvard V, Pépin JL, Lévy P,
Bonnet C, Perret JE, Pellat J, Feuerstein C.
Deficits of cognitive executive functions in
patients with sleep apnea syndrome. Sleep
1995; 8: 43-52.
19. Roehrs T, Conway W, Wittig R, Zorick F,
Sicklesteel J, Roth T. Sleep-wake complaints
in patients with sleep-related respiratory
disturbances. Am Rev Respir Dis 1985; 132:
520-3.
20. Wilcox I, Grunstein RR, Hedner JA, Doyle J,
Collins FL, Fletcher PJ, Kelly DT, Sullivan CE.
Effect of nasal continuous positive airway
pressure during sleep on 24-hour blood
pressure in obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep
1993; 16: 539-44.
21. Hung J, Whitford EG, Parsons RW, Hillman DR.
Association of sleep apnoea with myocardial
infarction in men. Lancet 1990; 336: 261-4.
22. Palomäki H. Snoring and the risk of ischemic
brain infarction. Stroke 1991; 22: 1021-5.
23. American Academy of Sleep Medicine. International
classification of sleep disorders:
Diagnostic and coding manual. 2nd ed.
Westchester: Illinois; 2005
24. Iber C, Ancoli-Israel S, Chesson AL, Quan SF.
The AASM Manual for the Scoring of Sleep
and Associated Events: Rules, Terminology,
and Technical Specifications. Westchester,
Ill: American Academy of Sleep Medicine;
2007.
25. Young T, Palta M, Dempsey J, Skatrud J,
Weber S, Badr S. The occurrence of sleepdisordered
breathing among middle-aged
adults. N Engl J Med 1993; 328: 1230–5.
26. Calverley PMA. Impact of sleep on respiration.
European Respiratory Monograph 1998;
10: 9-27.
27. Galetke W, Randerath WJ, Stieglitz S, Laumanns
C, Anduleit N, Richter K, Schäfer T. Comparison
of manual titration and automatic
titration based on forced oscillation technique,
flow and snoring in obstructive sleep
apnea. Sleep Med 2009;10: 337-43.
28. Masa JF, Jiménez A, Durán J, Capote F,
Monasterio C, Mayos M, Terán J, Hernández
L, Barbé F, Maimó A, Rubio M, Montserrat
JM. Alternative methods of titrating continuous
positive airway pressure. Am J Respir Crit
Care Med 2004; 170: 1218-24.
29. Teschler H, Farhat AA, Exner V, Konietzko N,
Berthon-Jones M. AutoSet nasal CPAP
titration: constancy of pressure, compliance
and effectiveness at 8 month follow-up. Eur
Respir J 1997; 10: 2073-78.
30. Se´rie`s F. Accuracy of an unattended home
CPAP titration in the treatment of obstructive
sleep apnea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med
2000; 162(1): 94-7.
31. Spicuzza L, Bernardi L, Balsamo R, Ciancio
N, Polosa R, Di Maria G . Effect of Treatment
With Nasal Continuous Positive Airway
Pressure on Ventilatory Response to Hypoxia
and Hypercapnia in Patients With Sleep
Apnea Syndrome. Chest 2006; 130: 774-9.
32. Narkiewicz K, Kato M, Phillips BG, Pesek CA,
Davison DE, Somers VK. Nocturnal continuous
positive airway pressure decreases
daytime sympathetic traffic in obstructive
sleep apnea. Circulation 1999; 100: 2332-5.
33. Tun Y, Hida W, Okabe S, Kikuchi Y, Kurosawa
H, Tabata M, Shirato K. Effects of nasal
continuous positive airway pressure on
awake ventilatory responses to hypoxia and
hypercapnia in patients with obstructive
sleep apnea. Tohoku J Exp Med 2000; 190
(2): 157-68.
34. Bernardi L, Porta C, Gabutti A, Spicuzza L,
Sleight P. Modulatory effects of respiration.
Auton Neurosci 2001; 90(1-2): 47-56.
35. de Miguel J, Cabello J, Sánchez-Alarcos JM,
Alvarez-Sala R, Espinós D, Alvarez-Sala JL..
Long-Term Effects of Treatment with Nasal
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure on Lung
Function in Patients with Overlap Syndrome.
Sleep And Breathing 2002; 6(1): 3-10.
36. Mansfield D, Naughton MT. Effects of
continuous positive airway pressure on lung
function in patients with chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease and sleep disordered
breathing. Respirology 1999; 4(4): 365-70.
37. Young IH, Mihalyka M, Costas L, Sullivan CE.
Longterm lung function changes in patients
with obstructive sleep apnoea during treatment
with nasal continuous positive airway
pressure [abstract]. Thorax 1987; 42: 722.
38. Sforza E, Krieger J, Weitzenblum E, Apprill M,
Lampert E, Ratamaharo J. Long-term effects
of treatment with nasal continuous positive
airway pressure on daytime lung function
and pulmonary hemodynamics in patients
with obstructive sleep apnea. Am Rev Respir
Dis 1990; 4: 866-70.
39. Lloberes P, Rodríguez B, Roca A, Sagales MT,
de la Calzada MD, Gimenes S, Romero O,
Sampol G. Comparison of conventional
nighttime with automatic or manual daytime
CPAP titration in unselected sleep apnea
patients: study of the usefulness of daytime
titration studies. Respir Med 2004; 98(7): 619-
25.
40. Berkani M, Lofaso F, Chouaid C, Pia d'Ortho
M, Theret D, Grillier-Lanoir V, Harf A, Housset
B. CPAP titration by an auto-CPAP device
based on snoring detection: a clinical trial
and economic considerations. Eur Respir J
1998; 12(4): 759-63.
41. Randerath WJ, Schraeder O, Galetke W,
Feldmeyer F, Rühle KH. Auto-adjusting CPAP
therapy based on impedance. Efficacy,
compliance and acceptance. Am J Respir
Crit Care Med 2001; 163: 652-7.
THE EFFECT OF MANUEL AND AUTOMATIC CPAP TITRATION ON BLOOD GAS VALUES IN PATIENTS WITH OBTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA
No difference was reported between automatic positive airway pressure (APAP) devices and manuel continious positive airway pressure (CPAP) devices according to apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and compliance while there was significant differences in terms of cost and benefit. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of APAP and manuel CPAP devices on blood gases and especially partial carbondioxide pressures. Patients who aplied to sleep outpatient clinic with snoring, shortness of breath at night and/or withnessed apnea were examined with Polisomnography (PSG). Eighty of the patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSAS) who has CPAP endication were included in the study. Patients were randomised into two groups as manuel CPAP and APAP titration. Data of average pressure for all night, maximum pressure applied %90 of the night (P90%) and blood gases before and after CPAP and APAP titration were analysed. There was no difference between manuel CPAP and APAP titration in terms of the time spent oxyhemoglobin saturation below %90 (T%90) and compliance. Two groups were compared in terms of post titration polysomnography and arterial blood gas values; in APAP group AHI and P90% was lower and minimum oxyhemoglobin saturation was higher but there was no difference for other parameters of blood gases. APAP is not better then CPAP according to compliance, applied pressure levels sleep efficiency and sleep stages in this study like the other studies. To our knowledge this is the first study which investigate the effect of APAP on blood gas value is not different from CPAP treatment.
1. Muller JE, Tofler GH, Stone PH. Circadian
variation and triggers of onset of acute
cardio-vascular disease. Circulation 1989;
79: 733-43.
2. Kushida CA, Littner MR, Morgenthaler T,
Alessi CA, Bailey D, Coleman J Jr, Friedman
L, Kapen S, Kapur VK, Kramer M, Lee-Chiong
T, Owens J, Pancer JP, Swick TJ, Wise MS.
Practise parameters for the indications for
polysomnography and related procedures:
an update for 2005. Sleep 2005; 28: 499-
521.
3. Gordon P, Sanders MH. Positive airway
pressure therapy for obstructive sleep
apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome. Thorax 2005;
60: 68-75.
4. Collard P, Rodenstein DO. Nasal continuous
positive airway pressure for sleep apnoea.
European Respiratory Monograph 1998; 10:
179-204.
5. West SD, Jones DR, Stradling JR. Comparison
of three ways to determine and deliver
pressure during nasal CPAP therapy for
obstructive sleep apnoea. Thorax 2006; 61:
226-31.
6. Hoffstein V, Mateika S. Predicting nasal
continuous positive airway pressure. Am J
Respir Crit Care Med 1994; 50: 486-8.
7. Littner M, Hirshkowitz M, Davila D, Anderson
WM, Kushida CA, Woodson BT, Johnson SF,
Merrill SW. Practice parameters for the use
of auto-titrating continuous positive airway
pressure devices for titrating pressures and
treating adult patients with obstructive sleep
apnea syndrome. An American Academy of
Sleep Medicine report. Sleep 2002; 25: 143-7.
8. Morgenthaler TI, Aurora RN, Brown T, Zak R,
Alessi C, Boehlecke B, Chesson AL Jr,
Friedman L, Kapur V, Maganti R, Owens J,
Pancer J, Swick TJ. Practice parameters for
the use of autotitrating continuous positive airway pressure devices for titrating pressures
and treating adult patients with obstructive
sleep apnea syndrome: an update
for 2007. An American Academy of Sleep
Medicine report. Sleep 2008; 31: 141-7.
9. Haniffa M, Lasserson TJ, Smith I. Interventions
to improve compliance with continuous
positive airway pressure for obstructive
sleep apnoea. Cochrane Database Syst Rev
2004; 4: CD003531.
10. Galetke W, Anduleit N, Richter K, Stieglitz S,
Randerath WJ. Comparison of automatic and
continuous positive airway pressure in a
night-by-night analysis: a randomized, crossover
study. Respiration 2008; 75: 163-9.
11. Sériès F, Marc I. Efficacy of automatic
continuous positive airway pressure therapy
that uses an estimated required pressure in
the treatment of the obstructive sleep apnea
syndrome. Ann Intern Med 1997; 127: 588-
95.
12. Konermann M, Sanner BM, Vyleta M,
Laschewski F, Groetz J, Sturm A, Zidek W.
Use of conventional and self-adjusting nasal
continuous positive airway pressure for
treatment of severe obstructive sleep apnea
syndrome: a comparative study. Chest 1998;
113: 714-8.
13. Massie CA, McArdle N, Hart RW, SchmidtNowara
WW, Lankford A, Hudgel DW, Gordon
N, Douglous NJ. Comparison between
automatic and fixed positive airway pressure
therapy in the home. Am J Respir Crit Care
Med 2003; 167: 20-3.
14. Meurice JC, Marc I, Sériès F. Efficacy of
auto-CPAP in the treatment of obstructive
sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome. Am J
Respir Crit Care Med 1996; 153: 794-8.
15. Rabe KF, Hurd S, Anzueto A, Barnes PJ,
Buist SA, Calverley P, Fukuchi Y, Jenkins C,
Rodriguez-Roisin R, van Weel C, Zielinski J. Global strategy for the diagnosis, management,
and prevention of chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease: Global Iniative for
chronic obstructive lung disease (GOLD)
Workshop summary 2006; 7-15.
16. Schmidt-Nowara W, Lowe A, Wiegand L,
Cartwright R, Perez-Guerra F, Menn S. Oral
appliances for the treatment of snoring and
obstructive sleep apnea: a review. Sleep
1995;18: 501-10.
17. Kribbs NB, Pack AI, Kline LR, Getsy JE,
Schuett JS, Henry JN, Maislin G, Dinges DF.
Effects of one night without nasal CPAP
treatment on sleep and sleepiness in
patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Am
Rev Respir Dis 1993; 147: 1162-8.
18. Naëgelé B, Thouvard V, Pépin JL, Lévy P,
Bonnet C, Perret JE, Pellat J, Feuerstein C.
Deficits of cognitive executive functions in
patients with sleep apnea syndrome. Sleep
1995; 8: 43-52.
19. Roehrs T, Conway W, Wittig R, Zorick F,
Sicklesteel J, Roth T. Sleep-wake complaints
in patients with sleep-related respiratory
disturbances. Am Rev Respir Dis 1985; 132:
520-3.
20. Wilcox I, Grunstein RR, Hedner JA, Doyle J,
Collins FL, Fletcher PJ, Kelly DT, Sullivan CE.
Effect of nasal continuous positive airway
pressure during sleep on 24-hour blood
pressure in obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep
1993; 16: 539-44.
21. Hung J, Whitford EG, Parsons RW, Hillman DR.
Association of sleep apnoea with myocardial
infarction in men. Lancet 1990; 336: 261-4.
22. Palomäki H. Snoring and the risk of ischemic
brain infarction. Stroke 1991; 22: 1021-5.
23. American Academy of Sleep Medicine. International
classification of sleep disorders:
Diagnostic and coding manual. 2nd ed.
Westchester: Illinois; 2005
24. Iber C, Ancoli-Israel S, Chesson AL, Quan SF.
The AASM Manual for the Scoring of Sleep
and Associated Events: Rules, Terminology,
and Technical Specifications. Westchester,
Ill: American Academy of Sleep Medicine;
2007.
25. Young T, Palta M, Dempsey J, Skatrud J,
Weber S, Badr S. The occurrence of sleepdisordered
breathing among middle-aged
adults. N Engl J Med 1993; 328: 1230–5.
26. Calverley PMA. Impact of sleep on respiration.
European Respiratory Monograph 1998;
10: 9-27.
27. Galetke W, Randerath WJ, Stieglitz S, Laumanns
C, Anduleit N, Richter K, Schäfer T. Comparison
of manual titration and automatic
titration based on forced oscillation technique,
flow and snoring in obstructive sleep
apnea. Sleep Med 2009;10: 337-43.
28. Masa JF, Jiménez A, Durán J, Capote F,
Monasterio C, Mayos M, Terán J, Hernández
L, Barbé F, Maimó A, Rubio M, Montserrat
JM. Alternative methods of titrating continuous
positive airway pressure. Am J Respir Crit
Care Med 2004; 170: 1218-24.
29. Teschler H, Farhat AA, Exner V, Konietzko N,
Berthon-Jones M. AutoSet nasal CPAP
titration: constancy of pressure, compliance
and effectiveness at 8 month follow-up. Eur
Respir J 1997; 10: 2073-78.
30. Se´rie`s F. Accuracy of an unattended home
CPAP titration in the treatment of obstructive
sleep apnea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med
2000; 162(1): 94-7.
31. Spicuzza L, Bernardi L, Balsamo R, Ciancio
N, Polosa R, Di Maria G . Effect of Treatment
With Nasal Continuous Positive Airway
Pressure on Ventilatory Response to Hypoxia
and Hypercapnia in Patients With Sleep
Apnea Syndrome. Chest 2006; 130: 774-9.
32. Narkiewicz K, Kato M, Phillips BG, Pesek CA,
Davison DE, Somers VK. Nocturnal continuous
positive airway pressure decreases
daytime sympathetic traffic in obstructive
sleep apnea. Circulation 1999; 100: 2332-5.
33. Tun Y, Hida W, Okabe S, Kikuchi Y, Kurosawa
H, Tabata M, Shirato K. Effects of nasal
continuous positive airway pressure on
awake ventilatory responses to hypoxia and
hypercapnia in patients with obstructive
sleep apnea. Tohoku J Exp Med 2000; 190
(2): 157-68.
34. Bernardi L, Porta C, Gabutti A, Spicuzza L,
Sleight P. Modulatory effects of respiration.
Auton Neurosci 2001; 90(1-2): 47-56.
35. de Miguel J, Cabello J, Sánchez-Alarcos JM,
Alvarez-Sala R, Espinós D, Alvarez-Sala JL..
Long-Term Effects of Treatment with Nasal
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure on Lung
Function in Patients with Overlap Syndrome.
Sleep And Breathing 2002; 6(1): 3-10.
36. Mansfield D, Naughton MT. Effects of
continuous positive airway pressure on lung
function in patients with chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease and sleep disordered
breathing. Respirology 1999; 4(4): 365-70.
37. Young IH, Mihalyka M, Costas L, Sullivan CE.
Longterm lung function changes in patients
with obstructive sleep apnoea during treatment
with nasal continuous positive airway
pressure [abstract]. Thorax 1987; 42: 722.
38. Sforza E, Krieger J, Weitzenblum E, Apprill M,
Lampert E, Ratamaharo J. Long-term effects
of treatment with nasal continuous positive
airway pressure on daytime lung function
and pulmonary hemodynamics in patients
with obstructive sleep apnea. Am Rev Respir
Dis 1990; 4: 866-70.
39. Lloberes P, Rodríguez B, Roca A, Sagales MT,
de la Calzada MD, Gimenes S, Romero O,
Sampol G. Comparison of conventional
nighttime with automatic or manual daytime
CPAP titration in unselected sleep apnea
patients: study of the usefulness of daytime
titration studies. Respir Med 2004; 98(7): 619-
25.
40. Berkani M, Lofaso F, Chouaid C, Pia d'Ortho
M, Theret D, Grillier-Lanoir V, Harf A, Housset
B. CPAP titration by an auto-CPAP device
based on snoring detection: a clinical trial
and economic considerations. Eur Respir J
1998; 12(4): 759-63.
41. Randerath WJ, Schraeder O, Galetke W,
Feldmeyer F, Rühle KH. Auto-adjusting CPAP
therapy based on impedance. Efficacy,
compliance and acceptance. Am J Respir
Crit Care Med 2001; 163: 652-7.
İzmir Göğüs Hastanesi Dergisi, Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Dr. Suat Seren Göğüs Hastalıkları ve Cerrahisi Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi’nin resmi bilimsel dergisidir. 1986’da yayın hayatına başlamış olan dergi 2004 yılına dek yılda iki sayı, bu yıldan günümüze dek yılda üç sayı olarak Nisan, Ağustos, Aralık aylarında düzenli olarak yayınlanmaktadır. Dergimiz, Türkiye Atıf Dizininde indekslenmektedir. Makalelerin değerlendirilmesi öncesi veya yayın aşamasında yazarlardan herhangi bir ücret talep edilmemektedir.
Yayın dili Türkçe ve İngilizcedir. ISSN : 1300-4115