Impact of seed priming treatments to enhance germination of black mustard against dormancy

Abstract

Black mustard (Brassica nigra L. Brassicaceae) represents an important source of raw materials for many agro-industry branches in Turkey and elsewhere in the world. Black mustard is a highly significant plant for its aromatic, medicinal, and therapeutic uses, as well as its potential as an alternative energy plant. In our country, cultivar development studies are carried out on wild genotypes of this species. One of the major challenges to black mustard growth and yield is its homogeneous, simultaneous, and fast emergence. Presoaking seeds in water (hydroprimed) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) (osmoprimed), has been demonstrated to enhance the germination of seeds of different species. The seeds of pure line black mustard originated in the Ankara, Turkey, and were used in this study. The purpose of the study was to measure the effects of durations (12, 24, 36, and 48 h); unprimed, hydroprimed, and five osmoprimed doses (-0.1, -0.2, -0.4, 0.6, and -0.8 MPa of PEG) treatments on seed germination and seedling establishment characteristics of black mustard for 14 days. The present findings demonstrate that priming durations and treatments of black mustard seeds significantly affected final germina-tion percentage, mean germination time, root and seedling length, and seedling fresh and dry weight among different treatments compared to the control. This positive effect on germination especially shortened the mean germination time. In terms of the properties studied, the optimal priming time is 12 and 24 h, for hyropriming and osmopriming doses (-0.1, -0.2, and -0.4 Mpa of PEG). The study indicated that the implemented priming treatments can be useful in improving the capability of black mustard on germination treatments.

Keywords

• Hydropriming
• osmopriming
• priming duration
• germination
• Brassica nigra

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