THE EFFECT OF PHOSPHORUS APPLICATION ON NUTRIENT UPTAKE AND TRANSLOCATION IN WHEAT CULTIVARS

Abstract

Phosphorus (P) in soils is ultimately deficient plant nutrient that has astonishing impacts over crop production especially under rain-fed agricultural conditions. Typically, P deficiency in plants is to stimulate root growth. This response influences the balance of all plant nutrients, including P nutrition, in varieties with different root / stem development. For this reason, the effects of P fertilization on nutrient composition of both straw and grain for 12 bread and 3 durum wheat varieties, which are widely cultivated in the Mediterranean Region under rain-fed conditions, were studied with and without P application. The experiment was set-up in completely randomised design in factorial arrangement with three replications. In the experiment, nitrogen (N), potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) were applied to all pots; P was administered at a dose of 0 and 50 mg kg^-1. Nitrogen, P, K, calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), Zn and manganese (Mn) concentrations were determined in both the straw and grains of the harvested plants. Phosphorous fertilization affected the concentration of P, N and Mn in the grain positively, while it affected the concentration of Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Cu and Zn negatively, while K did not change the concentration. In straw, N concentration was not affected by P fertilization; Fe and Na concentrations were to accumulate in the straw; Cu, Mn, Zn, P, Ca, Mg and K concentrations were to decrease. On the other hand, varieties showed different responses to P fertilization in terms of their nutrient composition. Consequently, the susceptibility of the varieties to phosphorus deficiency significantly changed the nutrient uptake and partition of the plant nutrients between grain and straw.

Keywords

• Phosphorus,Wheat,Nutrients,pot experiment

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